Translated from the original annotation of the gentleman's ambition
Confucius said,"To be determined by the Tao, to be based on virtue, to be based on benevolence, and to be free from the arts." Note: - " Aspirations to Dao ":" Aspirations " meant determination and ambition. This meant that one would take " Dao " as their ambition to pursue. Dao was the highest realm of abstract concepts and the direction of life. - " According to Virtue ":" According to " has the meaning of basis and reliance. It is based on " virtue ". The " virtue " here is the moral norm reflected in the process of following the " Tao ". - " Relying on benevolence ": Relying on benevolence was the core concept of Confucianism, emphasizing the relationship between people. - " You Yu Yi ":" You " means to relax and leisurely dabble in it." Yi " covers the six arts of etiquette, music, archery, driving, calligraphy, and mathematics, which are various skills and knowledge fields. A gentleman should take "Tao" as his ambition and pursue it tirelessly all his life. At the same time, he should rely on morality, benevolence, and freely dabble in all kinds of technical knowledge. A gentleman's ambition, on the one hand, required ambition and broad-mindedness, on the other hand, it also required a solid foundation and gradual understanding.
Translated by Lin Jingxi, the Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the original annotation
"Zhou Zhongshu Shi" original text: Village wine to muddy can be poured, boat after the rain is maple forest. At noon, the fragrant rice is blown to the sea and the fields are ripe. The autumn vines are deep in the thatched cottage. Heaven and earth dark dust return to the guest's hair, Jianghu slanting sun moved the heart of the village. In my old age, I laugh at myself for being a servant, and I envy the idle gulls lying in the water. Although the village wine that was bought was turbid, it could still be poured and drunk. After a rain, the boat stopped by the maple forest. At noon, the wind blew the fragrance of ripe rice. It came from the large paddy field. The autumn vines pulled the fruits and extended into the depths of the cottage. The dust between heaven and earth made the traveler's temples turn gray, and the setting sun on the Jianghu affected the feeling of homesickness. The old me couldn't help but laugh at myself for being tired of trifles, and envied the gulls lying leisurely in the shadows by the water. Note: - "Sell": buy. - Small boat. - " Sea Field ": This place can be understood as a large field. It has the meaning of changing the sea and mulberry fields, indicating the changes in the world. This place portrays the idyllic scenery. - [Tendril Attraction]: - [Dark Dust]: The accumulated dust, used here to describe the traces of time. - "Form service": being enslaved by trifles and forms, indicating the poet's feelings of being tired of life. The novel " Watching the Moon on Fish Island " is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Translated annotation of the classical Chinese on the road
The original text of "The Journey of the Great Way": The journey of the Great Way, the world is for the public, select virtuous and capable people, and talk about trust and harmony. Therefore, people do not only love their parents, do not only love their children, so that the old have a place to die, the strong have a place to be used, the young have a place to grow up, the lonely, the widowed, the lonely, the disabled and the sick have a place to support, the men have a place to go, and the women have a place to go. Money is hated to be thrown on the ground, but it does not have to be hidden in oneself; Power is hated not to come from oneself, but it does not have to come from oneself. Therefore, the strategy is closed but not active, the theft and rebellion are not active, and the door is not closed. This is called Great Harmony. Note: - "Great Dao" referred to the highest political ideal in ancient times. - "OK": execute. - "For": Yes, to judge. - "And": pass "Ju", elect and elect. - [Xiu: Cultivate.] - "Kiss": Use the method of intention to…as kiss. The first "Qin" referred to the method of using will, and the second "Qin" referred to his parents. - "Guān": A widower, an old man without a wife. - Orphan: A young man without a father. - "Du": an old man without children. - [Crippled Disease: Disabled] - "Fen (fèn)": Position, referring to occupation and duty. - "Return" refers to the marriage of a woman. - [Evil (wü): Loathing.] - [Hidden]: Hidden. - Therefore, therefore. In "seeking to close but not to rise","close" refers to putting an end to it, and "rise" refers to happening. - "Work": Rise. - "Outer door": It generally referred to the door. - "Great Harmony" referred to the ideal society of Confucianism or the highest principle of human society. "Tong" had the meaning of peace. When the Great Way was implemented, the world was shared by all people. People with high moral character and capable people were selected. Everyone emphasized integrity and cultivated harmony. Therefore, people not only support their relatives, but also raise their own children, so that the elderly can enjoy their old age, so that the middle-aged can serve the society, so that the children can grow up healthily, so that the old and widower, the old and widower, the young and fatherless, the old and childless, and the disabled have people to support. Men had their duties, and women had their homes. People hate to throw things on the ground, but they don't have to keep them for themselves. People are willing to do their best for the public, not necessarily for their own personal gain. Therefore, evil schemes would not happen, theft, rebellion, and harm would not happen, and every family would not have to close their doors. This was called an ideal society.
Flowing water is a thing that cannot be done without being full of content. A gentleman's ambition is to be a gentleman. If it is not written into a chapter, it cannot be translated.
Flowing water is a natural phenomenon, it flows without stopping, otherwise it will overflow; the gentleman's pursuit of morality is the same, if it does not reach a certain level, it will not achieve anything.
Is the annotation of A Madman's Diary the author's original annotation?
A Madman's Diary was usually not an author's original annotation but an explanation, analysis, or evaluation of the novel. This was because " A Madman's Diary " was written in modern China and Lu Xun's style was unique and often different from others. Lu Xun's original notes for A Madman's Diary were more complicated and had to be obtained through other means. In addition, due to the importance and influence of A Madman's Diary in literature, many scholars have also conducted in-depth research and annotations. Therefore, the way and content of A Madman's Diary were interpreted would vary from reader to reader.
Translated annotation of Chen She's family key section
Chen She's family was a chapter in the ancient Chinese novel Records of the Historian, which told the story of Chen She's experiences when he was young and how he became the leader of the peasant uprising. Translate the key paragraph: Chen She is from Yangcheng. At the age of 20, when he was still a child, his parents died early in a famine. He was forced to walk to survive. Some of them were enslaved at home, some of them followed their brothers and sisters-in-law and could not live idle. Chen She is witty, resourceful, good at observing people's expressions, and is praised by people. Note: 1 Yangcheng People: Chen She's birthplace. 2 years old and 20 years old: Chen She is still young and underage. 3. It was a famine year. At that time, Yangcheng, where Chen She was located, was experiencing a famine year. Life was very difficult. 4. Walk for survival: Chen She, his parents, brother and sister-in-law walk for survival together. 5. Enslaved at home, enslaved by parents or living independently. 6. No idle residence: Do not stay idle for a long time. 7 witty, good at planning, good at observing people's expressions: Chen She is smart, witty, good at planning, able to see through other people's thoughts and get recognition from others. 8 Praise: Be praised by people.
Translated annotation of Guofeng·Bin Feng·July
Guofeng·Bin Feng·July's annotation translation is as follows: Guofeng·Bin Feng·July: An epic poem from ancient China described the July festival of the State of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period. Note: 1 Bin Feng: It was an epic from the Spring and Autumn Period of China, also known as Qi Feng. It mainly described the history and characters of Qi. July: July in the Spring and Autumn Period was called "Mengxia". It was the third month of summer and the hottest period of summer. The festival referred to the July festival in Qi. 4. Celebration: This referred to the various activities of the Qi State's July festival, including sacrifices, banquets, dances, etc. Translated: Guofeng·Bin Feng·July: An epic poem from ancient China described the July festival of the State of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period. Note: 1 Bin Feng: It was an epic from the Spring and Autumn Period of China, also known as Qi Feng. It mainly described the history and characters of Qi. July: July in the Spring and Autumn Period was called "Mengxia". It was the third month of summer and the hottest period of summer. 3: This refers to the July Festival of Qi. 4. Celebration: This referred to the various activities of the Qi State's July festival, including sacrifices, banquets, dances, etc.
If it's not a gentleman's doing, it's also translated
It is not what a gentleman should do either.
Translated in classical Chinese, Gentleman on Liang
Liang Shangjunzi referred to the aristocrats of the Liang Dynasty, specifically referring to the brothers of Emperor Wu of Liang, Emperor Wen of Liang's younger brother, and Emperor Yuan of Liang's grandfather. These people played an important role in the history of the Liang Dynasty. Their activities and deeds were recorded in historical documents such as the Book of Liang.
Zhang Zhongcheng's original text, translation and annotation
The original text and translation notes of Zhang Zhongcheng's Biography have not been found.
The original meaning of the gentleman's way
Different classic works had different original expressions and meanings of the way of a gentleman. For example, in the Analects of Confucius, there was a saying," People don't know, but they don't get angry. Isn't that a gentleman?" It meant that a gentleman wouldn't be angry or resentful when he wasn't understood by others. It was easy to know the truth but difficult to do it. Only by doing what he said could he be called a gentleman. In the Doctrine of the Middle Way, it was mentioned that the way of a gentleman was to be humble when walking far away, and to be humble when climbing high. This meant that a gentleman's implementation of the golden mean was like walking a long road and starting from a close place, climbing a high mountain and starting from a low place. If he wanted to achieve great things, he had to first manage his small family well, because he treated his family and others with the same heart. If he would show arrogance at home, it might be the same outside. On the contrary, if he did not get along well at home and was overly enthusiastic to outsiders, this kind of kindness might be hypocritical. There was also the saying," The way of a gentleman starts from a couple. When it comes to its end, it can be seen from heaven and earth." The implication was that the way of a gentleman started from ordinary men and women, but the highest realm was clear to the whole world. The way of a gentleman was broad and subtle. Although ordinary men and women could understand and implement it, there were also places that the saints did not know and could not do. This meant that the way of a gentleman could be comprehended from big and small things. Everyone could abide by it, but very few people really insisted on it. "A wise man can surpass it, but a fool can't. If the Tao is not clear, I know it. The wise man surpasses it, and the unwise man cannot catch up with it. This implied the reason why the doctrine of the mean could not be implemented. Wisdom was high but benevolence was insufficient. It was not advisable to have wisdom without compassion and joy to help all living beings. Foolish people did not understand the doctrine of the mean and refused to implement it, just like how people ate but few people could really understand the taste. In short, the way of a gentleman contained many meanings, such as benevolence, respect, shame, right and wrong, consistent words and deeds, tolerance, humility, starting from oneself and small things.