Jade ware from Yuxi, Yunnan
Yuxi, Yunnan Province, was one of the famous jade producing areas. It had rich jade resources, mainly including Mogan stone, white jade, wasabi white, beauty head and other varieties. Yuxi jade was characteristic of full color and hard texture. There were also jade-related commercial activities in Yuxi. For example, there were jewelry stores selling flower green agate seal stone jewelry, jade, and so on. Their polishing brightness was good and could be used for live broadcast. Read more exciting novels for free
Introduction to Yuxi, Yunnan Province
Jiangchuan was a district under the jurisdiction of Yuxi City, Yunnan Province of the People's Republic of China. It was located in the east of the central part of Yunnan Province. It was connected to Huaning County in the east, Tonghai County in the south, Hongta District in the west, and Jinning District and Chengjiang City in the north. The total area of the district was 850 square kilometers. In 2022, the permanent population was 256,000. As of August 31,2023, it had jurisdiction over 4 towns, 2 villages and 2 streets. The district government was located at No.35 Langguang Road, Jiangchuan District, Yuxi City. Jiangchuan had a semi-dry plateau climate in the middle subtropics. It was like spring all year round, with distinct dry and wet seasons. The terrain was composed of lakes, basins, and mid-low mountain ranges. The terrain was high in the north and low in the south. There were two lakes, Xingyun Lake and Fuxian Lake, more than 300 large and small pools and springs, and 18 rivers. From the end of the Warring States Period to the Qin Dynasty, it belonged to the Dian Kingdom. From the Han Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it belonged to the Yuan Dynasty. In the 20th year of the Yuan Dynasty (AD 1283), Jiangchuan County was established. On December 3, 2015, the State Council approved the abolition of Jiangchuan County and the establishment of Jiangchuan District of Yuxi City. Jiangchuan was 100 kilometers away from Kunming, with convenient transportation. The Chengchuan expressway was completed and opened to traffic, forming an important channel connecting the north and south of central Yunnan and realizing the one-hour economic circle of central Yunnan. Traditional industries such as phosphorus chemical industry, paper products, and agricultural product processing were upgraded in an all-round way. New energy, new materials, equipment manufacturing, and modern logistics industry clusters were accelerated to achieve a historic breakthrough in the new energy battery industry. In 2022, the regional gross domestic product (RMB) was 18.154 billion yuan, the tertiary industrial structure ratio was 18.2: 35.1: 46.7, and the per capital regional gross domestic product was 71,502 yuan. In 2023, the gross domestic product was 18.96 billion yuan, ranking fourth among the nine county-level administrative regions of Yuxi City. Jiangchuan was surrounded by mountains and rivers, with beautiful scenery. It was known as the hometown of Dian Kingdom and the water village on the plateau. The national treasure "Niu Hu Bronze Case" unearthed in 1972 was as famous as "Horse Stepping on Flying Swallow". It was a distinctive representative of ancient Dian culture and bronze culture. There were three national key cultural relics protection units (Lijiashan ancient tombs, Jiangchuan Confucian Temple, and Gantang Qing site), three intangible cultural heritages in Yunnan Province (cooking skills of fish and salt water fish, Jiangchuan pottery making skills, and Jiangchuan pastry making skills), three AAA-level scenic spots (Biyun Temple Park, Ancient Dian Kingdom Cultural Park, Yuxi Star Fish Cave Scenic Spot), and one AA-level scenic spot (Yunnan Lijiashan Bronze Museum). The novel "The Legend of Dian Kingdom in Clouds as Deep as the Sea" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Fengshi jade ware
Regarding the Feng family's jade, there was the Feng family jade trading company in Zhenping County. You could inquire about its industrial and commercial information, equity structure, and other contents. In history, during the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, the Fengs of Suzhou founded the Fengfuji business in Shanghai, specializing in jewelry and jade. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Zixia jade ware
Zixia Jade may refer to jade carvings with Zixia Fairy as the theme. This kind of jade carving used purple jade as the main material and was carved into the image of Zixia Fairy. Zixia Fairy was a character in fairy tales, and her jade carvings could be traced back to the ancient legends of Shun's cultivation of immortals and demons. Zixia Fairy's jade carving was a complex and delicate art form, which required the craftsman to have superb skills and rich imagination. The master wanted to make the jade match Zixia Fairy's image by carving the shape, lines, and details of the jade. He would also use different decorative patterns and carving tools to make the work more three-dimensional and vivid. It was featured by a strong traditional cultural style, symmetrical and delicate lines, and a unique shape, showing the beauty and unique charm of ancient art. Auspicious patterns such as cloud patterns, patterns, and phoenix patterns were often carved on the surface, implying good luck, happiness, and well-being. In the jewelry market, Zixia Fairy jade carvings were highly sought after. With the improvement of people's living standards and the demand for cultural and artistic works, coupled with the high price of high-quality purple jade and the meticulous carving creation, the price of Zixia Fairy's jade carving works was often higher. In the auction and art market, rare works could even be auctioned for millions of yuan. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Jade ware of Han Dynasty, green jade
The green jade of the Han Dynasty had the following characteristics and meanings: ** 1. Material Characteristics ** 1. ** Elements and causes ** - The material composition of sapphire was the same or similar to that of white jade. The cause of formation was the same as that of white jade. They were both formed by contact metamorphosis, but only because they contained trace elements of iron. 2. ** Color expression ** - The ancients said that the color of sapphire was shrimp green, snot green, willow green, bamboo green and so on. - According to "Ge Gu Lun," the green jade in ancient jade is light green and yellow. ** 2. Physical Attributes ** - It was usually larger, more delicate, warm, and oily. - A portion of the green jade had a very good toughness due to its dense interwoven structure. It was an important raw material for making thin-body utensils. - Among the Hetian jade, green jade was the hardest and was also known as steel jade. ** 3. The embodiment and significance of the jade ware in the Han Dynasty ** 1. ** In terms of ritual vessels ** - "Zhou Li, Spring and Autumn, Da Zong Bo" records: "Jade is used to make six objects, and it is used to worship the four directions of heaven and earth. He used the green jade to salute the sky, the yellow Cong to salute the earth, the green Gui to salute the east, the red Zhang to salute the south, the white Hu to salute the west, and the black Huang to salute the north." Gui was a kind of rectangular jade ware with a triangular or flat top. It was used in ancient times to worship the gods of the position and also to distinguish the status level (as recorded in the historical records,"Wang Zhi Zhen Gui, one foot two inches, Gong Zhi Heng Gui, nine inches." Hou holds the letter Gui, seven inches long. "Five inches"). During the Warring States Period, other than being used as a ritual vessel, the Gui also had the function of recording the alliance oaths of the vassals in order to cooperate with each other and protect their forces. 2. ** Relating to the imperial power ** - Although white jade was valued after the Han Dynasty, green jade was important in the Han Dynasty and before that. Many exquisite artifacts in ancient times were made of green jade, especially the jade seal that represented the imperial power. Therefore, green jade was also called the "Imperial Jade". Sapphire products of the Han Dynasty include holding pigs and so on. Not only were there a large number of green jade products in Liangzhu culture, but also the green jade of Hetian jade was widely used in the jade articles unearthed from Fuhao Tomb in Yin Ruins. 3. ** In terms of cultural implications ** - The Han Dynasty jade feather cup (double-ear cup) had a delicate and warm jade quality, a deep and pure jade color, presenting a strong overall aura, with the meaning of eternal foundation. ** 4. Instance ** - There was a Han Dynasty Sapphire Pig, 10.4 cm long and 2.5 cm wide, which was collected in Lianyungang City Museum. There was also the Han Dynasty style blue jade sword with a scabbard with dragon and phoenix patterns. It was made of Hetian blue jade and had a green and yellow color. It was 65cm long and 8.5 cm wide. It weighed 1434 grams and was composed of two parts, the sword body and the scabbard. The hilt, the sword frame, and other parts had exquisite carvings. This kind of jade sword was even rarer than the bronze sword. At that time, it should be a high-grade, non-practical, ceremonial or sacrificial place. It was used as a medium to show the level and communicate with the gods through jade. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Chu culture jade ware
The jade ware of Chu culture had a unique style and meaning. In terms of varieties, there were mainly dragon and phoenix-shaped pendants, jade, rings, Heng, sword ornaments, pipes, pearls, and so on. In terms of regional cultural inheritance, the Chu people's worship of dragons and phoenixes was a recognized characteristic of Chu culture. The jade carvings with dragon and phoenix theme showed the noble status of the King of Chu and also reflected the regional cultural inheritance. Jade articles with the theme of dragon and phoenix had various forms of expression. There were individual dragons and phoenixes, and there were also dragon and phoenix combined shapes. The craftsmanship included engraved lines, complex carvings, and shallow embossed patterns. In terms of shape, the dragon-shaped jade ware had a rich variety of shapes. The jade dragons of the Spring and Autumn Period broke through the previous shape patterns. In the Chu cultural area, there were dozens of new shapes such as W-shaped, wind-shaped, hook-shaped, S-shaped, double-body shape, dragon-phoenix combination, dragon-phoenix combination, and so on. In the early Western Han Dynasty, the jade dragons unearthed from the tombs of the State of Chu mainly had two styles: the double-dragon head style and the S-shaped style. The double-dragon head style was mostly a Heng-shaped accessory. The S-shaped jade dragon was divided into horizontal and vertical styles. The horizontal style was popular in the Warring States Period and the early Western Han Dynasty. The vertical style was more special and was newly created in the Western Han Dynasty. Judging from the excavation situation, a large number of jade treasures of Chu State were excavated from high-level noble tombs such as Xiong Family Tomb in Jingzhou Museum, No.1 Chu Tomb in Yuanqiangwan and No.1 Chu Tomb in Wangshan Bridge. These jades reflected the living habits and etiquette system of the Chu people, and reflected the unique value of the jade of the Chu culture. The novel " Gilded Palm " is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Method for preserving jade ware
There were the following ways to preserve jade: 1. ** Storage environment ** - Jade articles were recommended to be stored separately because the texture of jade was relatively fragile. If it collided with other gemstones, it would easily cause cracks or damage, thus reducing its value. - Jade collections should generally be placed in a relatively closed and humid environment to avoid being too dry or being exposed to the sun for a long time. In order to better preserve jade artifacts, especially ancient jade collections, it was best to store them in a constant temperature and humidity environment. 2. ** Daily maintenance ** - If it was jade, it could be soaked in water for 30 minutes before being washed and dried. Then, it could be placed in a sealed bag and stored in a cool and dry place. If it was Hetian jade, especially the seed material, it could be washed and dried with water (it was best to use pure water). Then, it could be dipped in a small amount of jade maintenance oil (water wax is also possible) with a clean fine brush and evenly applied to the jade. After that, it could be placed in a sealed bag, then placed in jewelry or packaging box and stored in a cool and dry place. - For example, when a jade bracelet was not worn for a long time, a layer of light colorless oil could be applied on the surface of the jade. The oil should not be applied too much, just a little thinner. Then, the jade coated with oil should be packed in a sealed plastic bag to avoid being contaminated with dust. - The best way to maintain it was to wear it or play with it. For Hetian jade, it could fully absorb the body's oil (note that it was not sweat or oil). When playing, it was necessary to keep the hands clean. Often playing with it could form a layer of oily pulp on the surface. 3. ** Points to note ** - To avoid collisions, especially on hard marble tables and floors. - It was best to avoid wearing it when bathing to prevent the chemicals in the soap and shower gel from seeping into the jade surface and causing damage. - When dirt or oil stains were attached to the jade surface, they should be washed with warm dishwashing liquid and then rinsed with clean water. - Every half a year to a year, the bracelet or lanyard needed to be changed to prevent it from falling off and breaking. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Jade ware selling shop
There were many types of jade stores. For example, Wada City's Yuyan Jade Store was established on April 7th, 2022. It was located in Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang, but it was currently in a state of deregistration. There was also Li Ming Jade Shop in Pingjiang District, Suzhou City. It was located in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, and specialized in jade carving. In addition, the National Jade League Shiyu was a regular old shop that could be chosen when traveling in Xinjiang. It sold Hetian jade, which had the characteristics of assured quality and guaranteed after-sales (no reason to return or exchange within 100 days). In addition, there was a well-known jewelry and jade shop like De Yuan Xing. The old shopkeeper, Tie Bao Ting, had a unique experience. When choosing a jade store, there were many factors to consider. For example, some merchants in some areas might have some problems, such as some jade stores in Xinjiang. Because there were many experienced players in the local area, it might be difficult for laymen to choose good materials; The local return of materials led to a high price; The cost of clothing, food, accommodation and transportation was high if you went to buy; Moreover, it was difficult to distinguish between real and fake jade, and there might be fake methods in the place of origin. Many good jade materials would be shipped to Suzhou, Henan and other places for processing and sales. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Wangge jade ware shop
He only knew that Wang Ge Jade Shop in Longteng Street, Tongcheng City. He could inquire about its business information, equity structure, financing information, foreign investment, recruitment information, trademark information, etc. through Qixinbao, but he did not give more specific information, so he could not answer in detail. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Antique openwork jade ware
Antique openwork jade was a type of antique jade carving. Antique jade carvings were the imitation of ancient jade carvings in terms of decorative patterns, theme, and shape. It was a respect and inheritance of traditional China culture. Open carving was a technique of jade carving. When this technique was used in antique jade carving, it could make the work more distinctive. In history, the trend of imitating ancient artifacts began in the Song Dynasty. At that time, due to the prosperity of life and the return of traditional "thoughts", the trend of using jade and other materials to imitate ancient artifacts rose. This trend reached its peak during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. There were three types of antique jade ware in the Qianlong period: one was in the form of imitation, that is, using bronze ware or ancient jade as the blueprint to carry out complete imitation; the second was to change ancient jade according to new ideas; the third was in the style of imitation. The shape and decoration of the ware were more or less the same as those of ancient ware, but the charm was imitated. During the Qianlong period, the jade road was smooth, and all kinds of high-quality jade materials continuously entered the palace, providing sufficient raw materials for antique jade carving. At that time, the palace jade carving craftsmanship was exquisite. The carving, openwork, high embossed and other techniques made the palace jade more exquisite and delicate. The antique jade that imitated the shape and decoration of bronze ware was a common theme. Today, the antique theme was still a new force in many jade carvings and was loved by scholars. When appreciating an antique openwork jade, one could first appreciate its decorative patterns. The decorative patterns had various styles and had their own unique meanings. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Jade ware, self-cultivation
The ancient people wore jade pendants, which were exquisitely carved. They could set off the inner temperament and beauty of scholars. They were symbols of character and status in people's communication. They could also restrain one's virtue, which reflected self-cultivation. Modern women wore jade bracelets. Jade had a magnetic field that could drive or change a person's magnetic field. It could nourish the body and was believed to have the effect of beauty and self-cultivation. Jade could also resist evil things and could warn its owner when it was in danger. The process of playing with jade could cultivate one's character. When raising jade, like " a person raises jade for three years, jade raises a person for a lifetime ", its patina and luster need to be accumulated over a long period of time. When looking for jade, one cannot be impatient. This requires a mentality that is neither arrogant nor impatient. Jade players often share their joy and exhibition. There is a tradition of jade exchange. Novices can learn the way to identify from the veterans, make friends, learn knowledge, and broaden their horizons. Most of the people who played with jade were humble, polite, gentle, and had integrity. After playing with the seeds for a long time, one could learn to be tolerant, accept flaws, and be more open-minded. When playing with the seeds, one could enjoy a relaxed and comfortable state. When jade players tasted tea, appreciated jade, and compared notes, as their knowledge increased and their minds matured, the standards for judging things would become more three-dimensional and rich. The self-cultivation of jade players was more reflected in the improvement of their mental state when playing with jade. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>