Cultural relic lion lamp
The cultural relic lion lamp had various forms of expression in different periods and regions. For example, there was a lion lamp cultural relic unearthed in Guandong Garden of Zaoyang City in the Tang Dynasty. It was 15.5 cm high and 12.4 cm long from head to tail. The gray body was red. The lion's body was covered with yellow, green and white glaze. The lion stood on a waist-shaped rectangular pedestal. The pedestal was decorated with a circle pattern. The lion had a saddle. On the saddle was an open arc-wall candlestick decorated with cloud patterns. The shape was vivid and lifelike. It was now collected in Xiangyang City Museum. In the Song Dynasty, there were also related cultural relics such as Yaozhou kiln green glaze lion lamp plate. In addition, in the traditional lantern culture of Shuanggou Town, Sihong County, Jiangsu Province, the lion lantern was an integral part of the lantern culture, which had been passed down for a long time and spread widely. Read more exciting novels for free
Cultural relic bronze lion
Bronze lions could be used as cultural relics in many ways. There was a bronze lion in the Ming Dynasty. It was 100 centimeters high, with a square base 26 centimeters high and 78 centimeters wide. It was made by the government. The whole was realistic. It had a square mouth, a slender body, and a strong backbone. The base was cast with the words "Made by Hongwu Xin Wei Jin Fu". The lioness protected the cubs, and the male lion stepped on the embroidered ball. It was now collected in the Shanxi Folk Museum. There was a gilded bronze lion in the fifth generation. It was made by investment casting technology. It was ferocious and lifelike. It was 50 centimeters high and 83 centimeters long. It squatted with its head raised, its front legs upright, and its hind legs bent. In July 2010, it participated in the "Source of Chinese Civilization-Henan Cultural Relics and Treasures Exhibition" held in the Tokyo National Museum. In the Qing Dynasty, there was a bronze lion that was originally located at the entrance of the Qichun Garden in Yuanmingyuan. It was used to guard houses and ward off evil spirits. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Cultural relic identification stone lion
Cultural relic identification stone lions belonged to the category of cultural relic identification. Cultural relic identification was the work of using scientific methods to analyze and identify the authenticity, texture, use, and value of cultural relics, including identifying authenticity, determining the age, explaining the texture, naming, evaluating the value, and so on. Generally speaking, stone lions of different periods had different characteristics, which could be used as a basis for identification. For example, before the Western Han Dynasty, the image of stone lions began to spread to China. They were similar to tigers and were huge in size. Most of them appeared in high-level royal tombs as tomb guarding beasts. During the Wei, Jin, and Southern and Northern Dynasties, China was in social unrest and the dynasties changed frequently. The spread of Buddhism developed rapidly. The stone lion sculptures had various subjects, different sizes and shapes. Its hair was curly and most of them looked like dogs. The Northern Wei Dynasty was the most typical. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the country was prosperous. The stone lions held their heads high and puffed out their chests. Their eyes were protruding, their noses were high, their mouths were wide and sharp, and their hair was more realistic. It was exquisite and realistic, with distinct layers of features. Their muscles were strong and full, and their tendons and claws were strong and powerful. The stone lions of the Song and Yuan Dynasties inherited the style of the Tang Dynasty. Most of them still stood tall and straight, but they lacked the might of the Tang lions. Their images were closer to real lions, and their hair was more realistic. The lions of the Yuan Dynasty paid more attention to the shape of the structure, and the rise and fall of the muscles were outstanding. The stone lions in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were more exquisite, but they lacked a lot of aggressiveness. The image was more realistic than the previous period, and the shape tended to be more complicated. There were more details, such as the undulating muscles on the limbs, the curly hair on the head, and the bell on the body. However, they did not pay much attention to the lion's overall momentum. Cultural relics identification sometimes used traditional methods or modern science and technology. The traditional "eye study" relied on eyesight and experience, but there were limitations. In terms of modern science and technology, portable video microscopes (such as Anyty's MSA200, WM401TV, etc.) would be used in the calligraphy and painting industry to assist in the identification. However, whether such instruments were used in the identification of stone lions or whether there were other instruments specifically for the identification of stone lions was not specifically mentioned. At the same time, the identification of cultural relics in China lacked clear standards, scientific and strict assessment mechanisms, and supervision systems. They might also face such problems when identifying stone lions. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
cultural relic
Sand casting was an ancient craft that was of great significance in the production and identification of cultural relics. For example, 11 gilded Buddhas from the early Tang Dynasty unearthed in Duchang County, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, were made using the sand-turning process at the end of the Sui Dynasty. There was also the Yuan Dynasty's "Seal of Ten Thousand Families of the Han Army" in the collection of the Zhaodong City Museum, which was also made by sand casting, but this seal was more crude. In the field of China antique art, the art of turning sand was also used to counterfeit. For example, when ancient coins were forged, profiteers might use the method of turning sand to cast money, which involved turning the mold, trimming the edge, repairing the hole, rusting, silencing the sound, making old coins, and other methods to make counterfeit coins. This required collectors to improve their eyesight to distinguish. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Smiling Lion Relic
On March 6, 2023, the Egyptian Ministry of tourism and cultural relics announced that archaeologists had unearthed a sphinx from ancient Rome with a smiling face and two dimples in southern Egypt. The Sphinx was unearthed near the Hasol Temple in the province of Qena, about 450 kilometers south of Cairo, the capital of Egypt. It was much smaller than the famous Sphinx in the Giza pyramids. The head of the archeological team said that the details of the statue were incredible. There was a slight smile on the corner of the mouth and a dimple on each cheek. At the same time, the stone tablet excavated from the Roman period was engraved with hieroglyphic characters. This " mini version " statue was unearthed in a two-story tomb. It had the style of an ancient Roman royal family and might have belonged to the Roman Emperor Claudius. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Cultural Relic Case
In December 2002, Bai Jingfu, the then vice minister of the Ministry of Public Security, wrote a letter requesting that the Song brothers 'cultural relics case in Luoyang be wiped out (the 1210 cultural relics case). The informant said that he was famous in the cultural relics circle and often identified cultural relics for others. He was a friend of Guangzhou exhibition. Zhan had been engaged in illegal cultural relics business for a long time. He was the "eye" of the exhibition who handled cultural relics. In the spring of 2001, Zhan bought a batch of cultural relics from Luoyang for him to appraise, including many cultural relics of the Tang Dynasty. Zhan sold them to Macau for 12 million yuan. In November 2002, Zhan took him to a private residence near the old city of Luoyang. There were more than 200 cultural relics of the Han and Tang Dynasties. There was a 1.2-meter-tall three-colored horse that could be called a national treasure. He discovered that the number and quality of the cultural relics collected by the Song brothers far exceeded that of the museum. When he returned, he felt uneasy and reported it. The report letter mentioned that the cultural relics were stored by the Song brothers in Luoyang and attached the phone numbers of Zhan and the Song brothers. The "1210" special task force was established in Luoyang, Henan Province. The reported "Boss Song" Song Yanbin and "Third Song" Song Yanqing were listed as the top suspects. Song Yanhai ("Second Song"), who had been working in the public security system for many years at that time, was related to his brother. The day after Song Yanhai fell, the Luoyang City Public Security Bureau issued a notice to collect clues about the crimes of Song Yanbin, Song Yanhai, Song Yanqing, Song Yanhong, and others. The criminal gang was led by Song Yanbin, Song Yanhai, Song Yanqing, and Song Yanhong. Wang Wenhai and Qu Jinhua were the protective umbrellas. Led by the Henan Province Public Security Bureau, they mobilized the elite forces of many cities to form a "9.16" special task force to investigate it. Previously, when Song Yanhai was suspected, he had claimed that he did not know about his brother's crimes. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Cultural Relic Information
There were a series of standards and tasks for the work of cultural relics statistics. Its purpose was to regulate the work of cultural relics statistics and strengthen management, ensure the authenticity, accuracy, completeness and timely of the statistics, and prevent and punish the fraud of statistics. The basic task of statistics was to conduct a survey and analysis of cultural relics activities, provide statistics and advice, and carry out statistics supervision. The survey targets include cultural relics administrative departments at all levels, various enterprises and institutions engaged in cultural relics activities, and individual industrial and commercial households. The State Administration of Cultural Relics is the department in charge of the national cultural relics statistics. It manages the national cultural relics statistics under the professional guidance of the State Bureau of statistics. The local cultural relics administrative departments at all levels are responsible for the work within their respective regions under the professional guidance of the higher-level cultural relics departments and the government statistics agencies at the same level. The administrative departments of cultural relics at all levels need to strengthen the leadership of cultural relics statistics, improve institutions, enrich personnel, strengthen training and professional ethics education, include the funds for statistics in the annual budget to ensure that the allocation is in place, attach importance to the construction of statistics information and strengthen the scientific research of statistics to improve the indicator system and improve the investigation methods. In terms of specific cultural relics statistics, for example, the 2013 China Cultural Relics Annual Report collected the statistics of various aspects of cultural development in 2012 and other important historical years, including comprehensive, library, mass culture, art, cultural market, cultural property, education, science and technology, animation and other aspects. In addition, the cultural relics survey in Xiangzhou County also had corresponding statistics. According to the statistics of the third national cultural relics survey, 112 immovable cultural relics and historical sites in the wild were found in Xiangzhou County. As of the fourth survey, 42 cultural relics and historical sites had been reviewed and investigated on the spot. 37.5% of the tasks were completed, and 5 new cultural relics clues were found. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
tangible cultural relic
There were many forms of tangible cultural relics, and there were many types of them. For example, the bronze tray and high-foot jade cup unearthed from the tomb of King Nanyue in Xianggang, Guangzhou, was ingeniously composed of various materials; the acupuncture bronze statue and the Ming Dynasty copper alchemy furnace in the collection of Shanghai Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine; the only stone rubbing of the King of Song Dynasty's "Acupuncture and Moxibustion Classic of Bronze Man's Acupoints" in the collection of Guangdong Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine; and the Compendium of Materia Medica, the 31st year of Wanli (1603), the engraved edition of Zhang Dingsi, the provincial judge of Jiangxi Province, and other cultural relics related to traditional Chinese medicine. Buildings like the ancient bridge were also tangible cultural relics. For example, the ancient bridges in the Bashu area were mostly products of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. They were both tangible cultural relics and solidified history. There were many stories behind them that carried the wisdom of the ancients. In addition, there were cultural relics such as the celadon square box of Yue kiln in the Zhu Ran Tomb Museum in Ma 'an, Anhui Province. They existed in the form of physical objects and witnessed the development of history. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Turtleback cultural relic
There were many kinds of turtleback cultural relics, such as the Tang green glazed turtleback chip tube, which was a pottery cultural relic of the Tang Dynasty in China. In the Tang Dynasty, there were many pottery sculptures with horses, camels, cattle and other giant animals as specimens, but it used turtles, which symbolized longevity, as the object. The image was vivid, reflecting the high achievements of the sculpture art of the Tang Dynasty. There was also the turtle-back-shaped, grid-shaped bronze ware excavated from Pit 7 in the sacrificial area of the Sanxing Dui Ruins. It had a unique shape. It looked like a huge turtle, and the back of the turtle was hollow. There were exquisitely designed opening and closing mechanisms on the side. There were four bronze dragon handles (two of which were damaged) and two or three bronze ribbons. After opening, there was a collection of green jade inside. There was silk extract on the surface, indicating that it had been wrapped in silk. Moreover, this bronze ware used welding technology, which was a very amazing technological achievement more than 3,000 years ago. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
cultural relic microliths
The microliths were the products of the transition from the late Paleoliths to the early Neoliths. There are many discoveries of microliths in our country. For example, the Black Dragon Pool microliths in Tancheng County, Shandong Province, is located 20 kilometers southeast of the county seat, 1000 meters east of Dashangzhuang Village in Honghua Township, on the west slope of Maling Mountain, and east of the Black Dragon Pool Reservoir. The stone artifacts are mainly distributed in the south of the Black Dragon Pool Reservoir, north of Dajian Gully, and Baijiwo. They were excavated in October 1984. The cultural layer of the site can be divided into three layers. The unearthed relics include sculptors, pointed tools, chopping tools, scrapers, etc. It is accompanied by fur, rhinoceros, elephant, cattle and other fossils. The raw materials for processing stone products are mainly quarts, agates, flint, chalcedony, crystals, slate, etc. It is about 14000 - 11000 years old in the Middle Stone Age. It has high historical and scientific value. In April 1990, it was announced as a county-level key cultural relic protection unit. Later, in June 1992, it was announced as a provincial-level key cultural relic protection unit. In 2000, It was recommended as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. The Zhongzipu kiln site in Sichuan was also a microstone site. Since it was discovered in 1990, it had been excavated twice and more than 10,000 microstone relics were unearthed. According to carbon-14 determination, the kiln site was about 7000 years ago. It was one of the earliest Neoliths ruins in Sichuan Basin. It was also a microstone site with outstanding cultural characteristics and the most abundant relics found in Sichuan. It was synchronized with the Yangshao culture, Longshan culture and Dawenkou culture. It provided important information for the study of the microstone culture in southern China. The Zhongzipu Microliths Museum opened on October 20,2024. It was the first museum dedicated to microliths culture in the country. The exhibition hall covered an area of 3000 square meters. From the perspectives of archaeological excavation, ecological environment, production and life, and physical display, it narrated the excavation of the Zhongzipu site, the introduction, development, and protection of microliths. More than 1000 pieces of cultural relics such as fine stone cores, fine stone leaves, scrapers, and polished stone tools were exhibited, all of which had a high history. scientific, cultural, and artistic value. There was also the microstone from Lop Nur in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It was a Neolithical microstone relic located in the vast desert area of the region. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Banwa cultural relic
Slab tiles were a type of construction material that had been found in ruins from different historical periods. In the Dongzhan site in the south of Shandong Province (discovered in 1985), slabs of the Han Dynasty were collected. The site covered an area of about 200 square meters. Rubble, ceramic fragments, etc. were also found scattered around. At the same time, pottery and porcelain pieces such as Han Dynasty tile barrels, crude stone sinkers, ring-ear jar pieces, etc. were found. There were also archeological discoveries about slabs in Henan. For example, in 2000, the family courtyard of Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, in 1997, the Zhengzhou nail factory, and in 1986, the "tile" materials that were thought to be from the Shang Dynasty were unearthed at the Zhengzhou workstation of the Henan Province Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology. The excavated people believed that the shape of the tile was similar to that of the tile after the Western Zhou Dynasty and was unearthed near the base of the palace area. However, there was a dispute in the academic community whether these "ceramic blocks shaped like tiles" were real tiles. In addition, there were three "plate tile fragments" unearthed from the middle and late stratum of the core building area of the Taosi ruins in Xiangfen, Shanxi Province. There was also controversy about whether they were plate tiles. Chengzhou (Luoyi), which was built in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, had a large rammed earth platform foundation in the south of the city. A large number of plate tiles, tube tiles, and pottery pipes were unearthed. This should be where the palace of the King of Zhou and the ancestral temple of the Zhou royal family were located. In the Han Dynasty, there were cord-patterned tiles. For example, there were cord-patterned tiles in the accumulation layer of building materials of the Han Dynasty found on the cliff wall of the forbidden ditch 20 meters northwest of the Beiqi Beacon Tower site. Cord-patterned tiles were unique cultural relics of the Han Dynasty. When the craftsmen of the Han Dynasty made tiles, they placed straw ropes or hemp ropes on the surface to facilitate dragging the blank. They could also be used for drawing to increase the ornamental value. They were widely used, but they were eliminated after the Tang Dynasty because they were not beautiful and easy to grow grass. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>