What is the principle of the reaction of firing porcelain?
The principle of firing porcelain was as follows: 1. ** Material preparation **: Choose suitable ceramic raw materials, such as kaolin, porcelain stone, Quartz, etc., and prepare the raw materials into powder or granules by crushing and grinding. 2. Shaping: Using hand molding (such as kneading, wheel molding) or mechanical molding (such as injection molding, squeezing) to give the prepared raw materials the desired shape. 3. ** Dry **: After forming the porcelain products, the moisture in them needs to be removed. It can be naturally dried or heated to ensure that there is no excess moisture inside the product. 4. ** Sintered (burned)** - ** Pre-burning stage **: The organic matter and moisture in the product will gradually burn and evaporate, and the crystallization and chemical reaction in the raw materials will begin. - ** Firing stage **: The temperature gradually increases, and the porcelain raw materials will be agglomerated. The particles will combine with each other to form a dense structure. - ** Cooldown Stage **: Slowly cool the fired porcelain products to avoid internal stress and cracking. The control of temperature, time, and atmosphere during this process was very important. Different porcelain materials and products required different firing conditions. In the process of firing porcelain, the formation principle of celadon was that the iron dioxide in the body glaze was roasted in a reducing flame atmosphere. Moreover, the phase diagram of different porcelain raw material systems would affect the temperature of the green body and the width of the firing range. For example, the low melting point in the K2O-Al2O3- SiO2 system was low (985 + 20 ° C), and the low melting point in the MGO-Al2O3- SiO2 system was high (1355 ° C). The thermal analysis curve of the blank could also be used as the basis for the formulation of the firing system. Read more exciting novels for free
What is the reaction principle of firing porcelain?
Firing porcelain was a complicated process that involved many reaction principles. First of all, he needed to choose suitable raw materials, such as clay, porcelain stone, Quartz, etc., and crush and grind them into powder or granules. Then, it was molded. The common molding methods included manual molding (such as kneading, wheel molding) and mechanical molding (such as injection molding, squeezing). The molded product needs to be dried to remove moisture. It can be naturally dried or heated. The dried product entered the firing process, which could be divided into several stages, such as pre-firing, firing, and cooling. In the pre-burning stage, the organic matter and moisture in the product gradually burned and evaporated, and the crystallization and chemical reactions in the raw materials began to occur. During the firing stage, the temperature gradually increased, and the ceramic raw materials were agglomerated. As the temperature increased, the powder particles with a larger specific surface and higher surface energy in the green body changed in the direction of lowering the surface energy, and the material continued to migrate. The grain boundaries moved, the pores were gradually eliminated, and the particles were compressed. The particles combined with each other to form a dense structure. During this process, the green body would be densified at high temperatures. The driving force of the process was the surface energy. Smelting could be divided into two types: liquid phase and pure solid phase. Finally, in the cooling stage, the fired product should be slowly cooled to avoid internal stress and cracking. The control of temperature, time, and atmosphere during the entire firing process was very important. Different ceramic materials and products required different firing conditions. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The Firing Principle of Musket
The firing principle of a musket was to first load the gunpowder, then put in the lead bullet, and then compact it with a paste rod. Then, pour in the gunpowder and ignite the fire rope. When the trigger was pulled, the fire rope fell, and the gunpowder pool cover popped open (or opened manually). The gunpowder ignited the gunpowder and fired the bullet. Click on the link below to read the Musket Fire comic.
Principle of Allergen Reaction
Allergy reactions are caused by some people being overly sensitive to the substances (allergens) they come into contact with. When a sensitive individual comes into contact with a foreign, harmless substance (an allergy), the immune system will overreact and the body will produce a type of protein specific to the allergy. These IgE-bound to the high-affinity receptor on mast cells and basophils. When the allergy entered the body again and met with these bound molecules, the form of the immune receptor would change from a dimmer to a monolith. This change in form would lead to the exposure of the protein sites of the relevant signaling pathways, which would activate the downstream signaling pathways, causing allergic reactions such as vasodilation and bronchiectomy. In severe cases, it could cause allergic shock. In an allergic reaction, the affected organs or tissues will be infiltrated by a large number of inflammatory cells (especially those that are not activated), and a high concentration of IgE will appear in the serum. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Biuret and protein reaction principle
The principle of the reaction between biuret and protein was that biuret could react with copper sulfuric acid to form a purple substance. This might be caused by the peptidic bond structure in the biuret molecules. The nitrogen atom of the peptidic bond would form a purple complex with Cu2 + ions. Because there was also a peptidic bond structure in the protein, such a reaction would also occur. We called the purple reaction between the compound containing the peptidic bond structure and copper sulfuric acid solution "biuret reaction". In other words, as long as the molecules contained a peptidic bond, this characteristic purple reaction would generally occur. It wasn't that biuret reacted directly with the protein, but the reaction between the peptidic bond in the protein and copper ions. It was the same reaction type as biuret and copper ions. It was a " biuret reaction." When carrying out experiments related to the biuret reaction, biuret reagent A was a strong base, and biuret reagent B was copper sulfuric acid. When using it, add A to the protein solution first, shake it up, and then add B. Strong base and copper sulfuric acid can denature the protein, but this does not affect the purple reaction, because the essence of protein degeneration is that the spatial structure is destroyed, causing it to settle and lose its physiological activity. However, the bond structure and the sequence of the protein chain are generally not destroyed. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Reaction Principle of Acid and Nitrite
The principle of the reaction between the two substances was that the reaction between the two substances would produce NaCl2, H2O, NO, and NO2. The reaction equation was 2NaNO2 + 2HQ = 2NaCl2 + H2O + NO + NO2. This was mainly due to the fact that the nitrogen acid was unstable and would decompose quickly. Moreover, nitrogen acid was a weak acid. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The selective principle of the ozon reaction is
In the Ozonation reaction, the reaction between the oxygen and the organic matter was selective in many aspects. In the direct fermentation method of waste water treatment, there was a selective reaction between the oxygen molecules and the contamination. For example, it was difficult for the oxygen to catalyze saturated fatty organic matter. Ozonidation could not completely decompose organic matter into CO2 and H2O, and the products after its decomposition were often organic compounds. Moreover, in the direct oxidization, the main thing was to convert the big molecular organic matter into small molecular organic matter. The overall degree of oxidization was not high, and the effect on the reduction of the total organic carbon content was not obvious. At low doses and in a short period of time, it was impossible to completely metalize the impurities due to the selectively generated oxygen. Moreover, the intermediate products generated by the decomposition would prevent the further decomposition of the oxygen. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The selective principle of the ozon reaction is
Ozonation reaction was selective, and the order of the reaction was as follows: alkene> amine> phenols> polyaromatic> alcohol> carbols> alkyls. When a variety of impurities exist, the reaction rate of oxygen (O3) will be prioritized with the fast reaction rate of the impurities. When the PH is less than 11, it is mainly the molecular oxygen reaction, which has the characteristics of selective oxidization. The main impurities are the wastewaters with high molecular oxygen reaction rate constant, such as alcoholic wastewaters and high-ph wastewaters. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Reaction Principle of Toothpaste and Iodine
The components of the toothpaste were composed of zinc-citrate, sodium-glyconate, and sodium-oh. These components could react with the iodine-like substance in the tincture to form the iodine-like substance. Generally, the iodine-like substance was only slightly pale yellow, so when the tincture was dripped into the toothpaste water and stirred, the color of the tincture would disappear. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Reaction Principle of Dehydrating Alcohol into Ether
The alcohol group was first protonated, and then the oxygen atom of the other alcohol group attacked the protonated carbon with a pair of electrons, causing an Sn2 reaction, and then deprotonated to give ether. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The Light Reaction Principle of Purple Light
The reaction principle of the purple light was as follows: The fluorescent reaction of a purple light lamp was based on the principle of luminescence. When a violet light (a violet flashlight) shone on certain substances, these substances would selectively absorb the violet light emitted by the violet light. The molecules would be stimulated, and they would emit visible light of the same wavelength and different intensity. When the light stopped, the fluorescence disappeared. When the infrared rays hit the fluorescent substance, there were three general situations: part of the infrared rays were reflected; part of the infrared rays were absorbed by the fluorescent substance; and part of the infrared rays were transmitted. The fluorescence occurred due to the absorption of the fluorescent substance. After the fluorescent substance absorbed the infrared rays, the internal energy state of the molecules changed, showing a transition between different energy levels and releasing fluorescence. For the Lighthouse series of purple lamps, the principle of light was to bombard the special fluorescent material inside the lamp with electric arcs after being energized, and then produce purple spectrum light waves. The violet light could be divided into the UUA band (320 - 400 <anno data-annotation-id ="00000100 - 400a-400a-400a-800a-8000000000000"> wave-length </anno>), the UVP band (275 - 320 </anno>), the UVP band (200 - 275 </anno>), and the UVR band (100 - 200 </anno>). Among them, the fluorescent powder in the purple tube could convert the arc energy into long-wave violet radiation in the UVA-band, such as the UVA-band of 340 - 380 run, and the UVA-band of 365 run was more suitable for checking the fine traces of the collection and fluorescent anti-counterfeit work. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>