The application of photographic optical system
Photographic optical systems were widely used in many fields: ** 1. The field of photography ** 1. ** Create a work of art ** - In landscape photography, the photographic optical system could adjust the focal length, aperture, and other parameters of the lens to capture the vast scenery or close-up local scenery. For example, using a wide-angle lens (small focal length) could capture a grand mountain scenery, and a large aperture could create a shallow depth of field effect, making the front clear and the background blurred, thus emphasizing the main elements in the picture. - In portrait photography, the optical system helped to shape the character. Through the appropriate focal length of the lens (such as a medium telephoto lens), the appearance of the character could be beautified to a certain extent. At the same time, the details of the character's face could be accurately presented by focusing. The aperture control depth of field separated the character from the background, enhancing the layering of the picture. - In documentary photography, the photographic optical system could quickly and accurately focus and image, recording real social scenes. 2. ** Daily photography ** - For ordinary photography enthusiasts, whether it was a mobile phone or a camera, the built-in photographic optical system could meet the needs of daily recording of life scenes, travel souvenirs, and so on. ** 2. Film industry ** 1. ** Creation of visual effects ** - Cinematographers use different lens characteristics, such as different focal lengths, apertures, aberrations, and other optical characteristics to create unique visual effects. For example, using a telephoto lens to compress space, making the scene in the picture look closer than the actual distance, or using a fisheye lens to create an exaggerated distortion effect, bringing an immersive viewing experience to the audience. ** 3. Medical field ** 1. ** Endoscopy ** - The optical imaging system was a key part of the telescope. It could transmit images of internal organs. By using a miniature optical lens in the microscope, doctors could clearly observe the pathological changes of internal organs such as the digestive tract and respiratory tract. Moreover, this optical imaging had a high resolution, which could help doctors find small diseases. 2. ** Skin Examination ** - Some optical imaging techniques could perform high-resolution imaging on the skin to observe the changes and texture on the skin surface, providing a basis for the diagnosis of skin diseases. ** 4. Research Field ** 1. ** Astronomical Observation ** - In the large optical system of the astronomical telescope, the faint light emitted by distant celestial bodies was collected through a huge lens or mirror. Through the focusing and imaging process of the optical system, scientists could study the shape, structure, and other information of celestial bodies. 2. ** Bioimaging ** - The optical microscope was a commonly used tool in biological research. It used the principle of optical imaging to observe the microscopic structure of biological cells and tissues. For example, a fluorescence microscope uses a specific optical system to stimulate fluorescent labels to emit fluorescence, thereby locating and studying specific molecules or structures within the cell. ** 5. Security Surveillance Field ** 1. ** Video Surveillance ** - The optical camera was used for video surveillance in security monitoring. Through the imaging function of the optical lens, real-time monitoring of specific areas was carried out to ensure the safety of public or private areas. Read more exciting novels for free
The application of optical knowledge in photography
In photography, optical knowledge had many applications: 1. ** Using the characteristics of light to express the subject **: Light has three characteristics: intensity, direction, and color temperature. Through these characteristics, the subject's shape, tone, color, sense of space, beauty, and realism can be expressed. 2. ** Reflection on the light source ** - ** Light Source Type **: It can be divided into natural light (such as sunlight, moon, starlight, and bioluminescent light) and artificial light (such as lighting, photography lamps). In cell phone photography, the main light sources were the sun and lights. Different light sources would have different effects on the photo. - ** The size, distance, and nature of the light source **: The wider (larger) and closer the light source, the softer the light; the narrower (smaller) and farther the light source, the harder the light. Diffuse scattering could disperse light, making the light source wider and softer, and the reflected light was diffused light, which also made the light softer. In addition, the farther the light source was, the faster the light would decay, and the darker the main body would be. - ** Sunlight at different times **: When the sun is the main light source, the golden time for shooting is from 0° to 45°. 0° to 15° was the sunrise and sunset period. The sun was close to the horizon, and the light was softer. It was suitable for taking many types of photos. Many landscape photography blockbusters were created at this time. He could also use his shadow to determine if the sun's height was around 45°. When the height and the length of the shadow were about the same, he would reach this angle. 3. ** The use of light position **: Light position refers to the position relationship between the phone, the light source, and the subject. Different light positions have different effects. - ** Straight Light **: The light source is in front of the subject. The phone, the light source, and the subject are in a straight line. It could show the shape and color of the subject very well. It was often used in landscape photography to show the terrain and topography. It was also suitable for showing the details or local features of the person, but the picture lacked three-dimensional sense and artistry. - Backlight: The light source is behind the subject. The phone, light source, and subject are in a straight line. - Side Light: The light source is on the left and right sides of the subject. The phone, the light source, and the subject form a 90° angle. It can be divided into front light, front side light, and side back light. It is the most widely used light position in portrait photography. It is suitable for expressing the texture, outline, shape, texture, and emotional personality of the character. It can also create rich light and shadow changes. It is widely used in various photography fields. - ** Side Backlight **: The light source is behind the subject. The phone, the light source, and the subject form a 135° angle. - ** Front Light **: The light source is in front of the subject. The phone, the light source, and the subject form a 45° angle. - ** Top Light **: The light source is directly above the subject. - ** Underlight **: The light source is directly below the subject. 4. ** Effect of light quality **: Light quality can be divided into hard light, soft light, concentrated light, and scattered light. Different light quality would affect the texture and atmosphere of the photo. 5. ** Light Type Setting **: The light type includes the main light, auxiliary light, background light, outline light, and decorative light. A reasonable setting of the light type can highlight the main body and enrich the image. 6. ** Color color (color temperature) selection **: Color color is also known as "color temperature", divided into warm light and cold light, different colors can create different emotional atmosphere. 7. ** Control of light ratio **: The light ratio is the ratio of the dark and bright parts of the scene (the contrast). The appropriate light ratio can make the picture show the ideal contrast. 8. ** The application of lenses in optical instruments: Lenses are divided into positive lenses (thick in the middle and thin at the edge, which can focus light, also known as converging lenses or concave lenses) and negative lenses (thin in the middle and thick at the edge, which can diverge light, also known as divergent lenses or concave lenses). There is also a lens with a thick center edge used for flat glasses. Different types of lenses were used in various optical instruments. For example, a single positive lens could be used to form a magnifying glass, and a negative lens was used for old glasses and short-sighted glasses. Complex optical instruments such as cameras, slide projector, projector, telescope, microscope, etc. were also made up of different lenses. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Photographic application major
Here are some more professional photo applications: - Beauty Cameras, Meitu Xiuxiu, B612, Faceu, and so on were among the top 10 most recommended photo software in 2024. They had exquisite filter sticker, which could take extraordinary and dazzling photos. - Meitu had a variety of functions, including AI painting, AI animation, AI simple drawing, and various AI avatars. Its Meitu formula was updated every day, allowing users to easily create pictures with one click. The video editing function was simple and easy to use, and there was also AI intelligent high-definition image quality repair, a variety of styles of dynamic sticker effects, which could create styled small videos. There were also many functions in portrait refinement, such as intelligent wrinkle removal, whiteness, and concealer, one-click cold white skin, etc. Whether it was retouching or video beautification, it was more professional. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Photographic camera shutter application
Photographic equipment maintenance system
The following is a photographic equipment maintenance system: ** 1. Cleaning ** 1. ** Cleaning tool selection and precautions ** - Cleaning the photographic equipment should use suitable tools, such as air blowing, lens cloth, lens cleaner, cotton swabs, wet towels, etc. It is strictly forbidden to use mouth blowing, finger wiping, or other unprofessional tools to avoid scratches or pollution. - Cleaning liquids, wet towels, and other cleaning supplies should not be overused, and expired or deteriorated cleaning tools should not be used. 2. ** Cleaning sequence and steps ** - Cleaning should be done in a certain order, generally from outside to inside, from big to small, from light to heavy. - Cleaning the camera body: First use the air to blow off the dust and hard particles on the surface, then wipe the entire surface of the camera body with a wet towel. For parts that are difficult to clean, such as gaps and bayonet, you can use cotton swabs and cleaners for fixed-point cleaning. - Cleaning the lens: First use air to blow off the dust and hard particles on the lens, then use the lens cloth and lens cleaner to carry out a deep cleaning. Wrapped the cleaning cloth with lens agent on your fingers, and then wiped the lens from the center of the lens in the same direction at a constant speed. For lenses that are deep inside the bayonet, you can use a microfiber lens cloth wrapped in a cotton swab to clean them. - [Cleaning of the sensor: It must be done in a dust-free environment and must be done very carefully.] First, check if there is any dust or stain on the sensor (set the camera to full aperture, the highest IS value, manual focus infinity, and take a photo against a pure white background. Then, enlarge it to check if there are any black spots). If there is dust or stains, you can use a professional sensor cleaning kit to gently and quickly wipe it according to the instructions. If you are not sure if it can be operated, you should send it to a professional after-sales service. At the same time, cleaning should be avoided in a strong wind or dusty environment. Do not spray any liquid directly on the camera or lens (indirectly). ** 2. Storage ** 1. ** Storage location and container selection ** - The photographic equipment should be stored in a suitable place and container, such as a waterproof box, a waterproof cabinet, a sealed box, etc. Do not place the equipment in direct sunlight, high temperature, high humidity, electromagnetic interference, or dusty places. 2. ** Storage method and posture ** - Storage: Turn off the camera and remove the battery (if not used for a long time). Place it in a waterproof box covered with a soft cloth or styrofoam. When possible, the camera could be stored together with the commonly used lens, and a U-shaped inner lining layer (foam board would also work) could be added to the connection to support the lens. - Single lens storage: Lock the lens hood upside down and cover the front and rear covers. Place the lens upside down in a separate space in the moisture proof box. At the same time, he adjusted the focus ring to infinity and shrunk the zoom lens to the shortest position, fixing it with the lock button. - Storage of batteries: Batteries of different brands or models cannot be mixed or stored together, and the humidity in the moisture proof box or cabinet should be checked regularly (generally, it is recommended to store them at a humidity of about 50%). If the moisture absorption card or the drying agent is used, it must be replaced or disposed of in time; if the electronic moisture proof box or moisture proof cabinet is used, it must be powered on at all times to avoid power failure. ** 3. Protection during use ** 1. ** Screen Protection ** - It was to prevent fingers from touching the lens to prevent fingerprints and grease from affecting the paint coating and imaging of the lens. avoid contact with saliva or water stains, and avoid contact with pink gloves (during daily shooting, it is recommended to use bare hands or gloves that have never touched the patient). Move quickly when changing the lens, avoid the wind and dust, and cover the lens cover in time when not in use. The lens can be protected by adding a UV-lens (Ultraviolet filter) and a hood. 2. ** Airframe Protection ** - Water Repellent: When water flows into the interior of the camera, it is easy to cause a short circuit. The temperature difference is easy to produce condensation. When shooting in low temperature environments, it is recommended to wear a cold-proof thermal cover for the camera. When the camera is not in use, put it in a special drying box or place a drying agent in the locker to avoid moisture. - [Protect from dirt: Move quickly when changing lenses. Face the camera down. Pay attention to avoiding the wind to prevent dust from entering the camera.] Do not wear pink gloves during daily clinical imaging, and do not cross infect the patient. - Shock absorption: When shooting, try to hang the camera around your neck to prevent the camera from falling due to instability. When placing the camera, find a stable place to place it to prevent the camera from falling off due to unstable support. - LCD screen protection: To prevent the color LCD screen from being scratched by hard objects, you can consider using a protective sticker. - Protection of the camera card: Do not hot-plug it, do not plug the camera card when it is turned on, so as to avoid damage to the digital products and data loss. It was recommended to have an extra camera card, just in case. A large number of clinical images were recorded in the camera card, and it was necessary to develop the habit of backing up regularly. When the memory card is not in the camera, pay attention to prevent bending, to avoid falling and heavy blows. When inserting the camera card, aim at the card slot. Don't be violent or impatient. Don't damage the card slot interface or bend the camera card pin. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The application of system thinking in life
The application of systems thinking in life is very broad. It can help us better understand and deal with complex problems and challenges. The following are some applications of system thinking in life: Systems thinking can help us understand complex problems and challenges. For example, our physical health is a complex system that is influenced by many different factors such as diet, exercise, sleep, stress, etc. If we can recognize the interaction between these factors, we can take appropriate measures to improve our health. 2. System thinking can help us design more effective systems and processes. For example, systems thinking can help us design more effective processes and systems to better manage and coordinate different departments and roles to improve work efficiency and quality. 3. System thinking can help us identify and utilize the advantages in the system. For example, the traffic system in a city is a complex system that can maximize the use of traffic resources in the city to minimize traffic congestion. If we can recognize the advantages of the traffic system, we can take appropriate measures to improve the traffic situation. 4. Systems thinking can help us design more sustainable systems and processes. For example, in environmental protection, an ecosystem is a complex system that requires consideration of various factors such as human activities, climate change, resource utilization, etc. to ensure the sustainable development of the ecosystem. If we can recognize the advantages of the ecosystem, we can take appropriate measures to protect the ecosystem. In short, the application of system thinking in life is very broad. It can help us better understand complex problems and challenges, design more effective systems and processes, take advantage of the advantages of the system, and protect the ecosystem.
Puyi optical
Puyi Eyewear was a high-end eyewear brand founded in Hong Kong. Its price was higher because it was of very high quality, and the materials and craftsmanship used were very exquisite. Pu Yi glasses were designed, produced, and sold by brand manufacturers, so the price was much more expensive than ordinary glasses. Pu Yi Glasses cooperated with many internationally renowned brands to provide high-quality products and services, as well as a luxurious experience. Its stores provided a personalised service, selecting matching styles for each customer, and providing a series of shopping experiences and VIP services. Mr. Qiu Zijie, the founder of Puyi Glasses, shared his experience and ideas in brand management, product selection, and service content. Pu Yi Glasses was based on the personalisation and advanced optometrification and eye protection technology, providing perfect answers for every pair of eyes. Puyi Glasses had been in the market for 18 years and had become the leader of the luxury glasses market.
Deep Image Digital X Photographic System
There were many digital X-ray photography systems in Deep Image. For example, Deep Image's Sontu100 -FMDR was a digital X-ray photography system produced in Guangdong, and it was used for medical purposes. It had the characteristics of a digital X-ray machine and was the product of the combination of computer digital image processing technology and X-ray radiation technology. On the basis of the original direct film imaging of the original diagnosis X-ray machine, real-time image digital processing was carried out through A/D conversion and D/A conversion to achieve digitization. Its advantages include clear image quality, fast imaging speed, less radiation than traditional X-ray machines, etc. The flat plate size is greater than or equal to 14 "×17", the type of flat plate is non-crystalline, the detector's pel size is 140um, and the maximum spatial resolution is 510kHu. There was also a new generation of portable digital X-ray imaging system from Deep Image. It was made up of an advanced waterproof and dust-proof IP54 grade a-Si flat-panel detector and the Sontu Smart -VR series digital image acquisition and imaging system, combined with a domestic 8-kilogram combined head and a flexible mechanical structure. It was mobile, easy to operate, and had low radiation. For example, its combined head solved the space layout limitation of the portable VR, and it used an 8-inch liquid crystal display screen for sensitive operation. The overall body is flexible and suitable for a variety of scenarios. The flat panel detector is waterproof and dust-proof to avoid cross-infection. It has a contrast balancing algorithm based on the human visual system, MMOPA, to provide high-quality images. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The application and development of embedded system technology
He recommended a few good novels. " Computer Possession " was an urban life novel written by a boring coin. In 2012, Yang Lin was possessed by a computer system. In the era of rapid information development, he and the electronic empire changed the world. However, this book and the author's new book," The Science Fictional World of the Top Student," were both abandoned. The updates were slow, but the content was superb. The imagination was big, and there was a shortage of books to read. " Jedi Tour Group " was an eSports novel that was secretly written by drumming. Chen Qi was twenty-six years old. After encountering the headshot system, he defeated the Void Demon and reached the peak of the universe. He had many nicknames, and the information about the supporting characters in the novel was also very comprehensive. " Taboo Covering the Sky " was a light novel written by the snail who drank Chinese medicine. Li Chengnian had embarked on the path of cultivation with the Demon Emperor's bloodline. His various cultivation paths were extremely exciting, and he had many characters with their own characteristics. Super System, a novel about urban life by Crazy Cockroach. After Yue Feng was reborn as a vegetable, he built a super system in his brain. It was slow but creative, similar to Super Brain Hacker, with a recommendation rating of four stars. 'Super Technology Experimental Plots' was a science fiction novel written by the tenth son of the Xiao family. After Lin Qi obtained the super high-tech equipment, he was involved in all kinds of magical things, such as software and chips. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The hood of an optical lens
The hood was a device installed at the front of the camera lens, digital camera, and video camera. It was an important part of the lens optical system. Its main uses included: 1. ** Suppression of stray light **: avoid glare and improve image clarity and color reproduction. In different light positions such as backlighting, side backlighting, forward lighting, side lighting, lighting photography or night photography, it can prevent non-imaging light, surrounding scattered light or interference light from entering the lens, avoid fog and halo phenomena, and improve the color saturation and clarity of the picture. 2. ** Protect the lens **: When the lens is accidentally dropped, it can help reduce the damage caused by the fall; it can prevent fingers from accidentally touching the surface of the lens; it can also block the sand, rain, snow, etc. to a certain extent to prevent other things from directly touching the surface of the lens. In terms of usage, the hood in front of all the lenses had been carefully calculated by the manufacturer to help improve the quality of the shot. If the lens was equipped with a crystallizer, although the crystallizer and the hood had no similarities, the hood still needed to be installed. When rotating the crystallizer, the hood could be turned upside down and buckled on the lens, or temporarily removed and placed in the camera bag. It was not necessary to buy the original hood. Buying a hood that matched the lens 'caliber and angle of view could play its role. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The optical parameters on the lens
The following is some common optical parameters on the lens: 1. ** effective focal length (EFL)**: The distance from the center of the lens to the focal point. It could be divided into image focal length (the distance between the main surface of the image and the focal point of the image) and object focal length (the distance between the main surface of the object and the focal point of the object). If the focal length is too short, it will cause the field of view to be too large, causing distortion, difficulty in controlling the angle of the chief ray, low contrast, serious lens bending, difficulty in correcting the phase difference, and other problems. If the focal length is too long, the lens will be too long, which is not conducive to the miniaturized system. Moreover, the field of view is too small to meet the user's needs (FoV>60°). 2. ** Total length of lens (TL)**: It is divided into optical length (the distance between the first surface of the lens and the image surface) and mechanism length (the distance between the end of the lens barrel and the image surface). 3. ** Back focal length (BTL)**: The distance from the last side of the lens in the optical system to the image plane. 4. ** Front focal length (FFL)**: The distance from the first surface of the lens to the object surface in the optical system must be distinguished from the back focal length of the mechanism. 5. ** Mechanical back focal length (FTL/FFL)**: The distance from the last mechanical surface of the lens group to the image surface. 6. ** Field of View (FoV)**: The largest field of view that the camera can capture. It can be divided into diagonal field of view (FoV-D), horizontal field of view (FoV-H), and vertical field of view (FoV-V). The diagonal field of view is the largest, followed by the horizontal field of view, and the vertical field of view is the smallest. The so-called field of view refers to the diagonal field of view of the digital camera module. The size of the field of view was related to the focal length. Generally, the larger the field of view, the shorter the focal length. 7. ** Joules (F/NO.)**: It was the ratio of the effective focal length to the diameter of the pupil, which was used to determine the brightness of the lens. Under the premise of ensuring the same aperture, the shorter the focal length, the smaller the relative aperture should be. In general, the smaller the F/#, the larger the aperture. 8. Distortion: It is the off-axis phase difference. It is the height difference between the intersection point of the off-axis point and the main ray on the image plane and the ideal (paraxial-like) image plane. It is a function of the field of view and has nothing to do with the aperture. Distortion was divided into TV distortion and optical distortion. TV distortion was further divided into pillow type and cylinder type. Distortion is the image quality that users can easily feel. Different application scenarios have different requirements for distortion. For example, Optical-Distortion <3% is not easy to detect by the human eye, and the objective lens generally requires Optical-Distortion <2%. 9. ** relative illumination (Ri)**: The ratio of the central illumination to the peripheral illumination. If the contrast was too low, the center of the image would be bright and the surroundings would be dark (vignette phenomenon, commonly known as dark corners), which would also cause color distortion. The Ri is directly proportional to COS4 (semi-fov). Different semi-fov correspond to different theoretical values of the Ri. When the Ri<50%, the human eye can distinguish it. In serious cases, the four corners of the picture will be completely black. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>