What are the characteristics of classical Chinese judgments?A classical Chinese judgment sentence refers to a sentence that uses classical Chinese to make a judgment in some context. Its characteristics include:
The subject and the predicates are usually separated and are often connected by empty words such as "Hu","Yu","Er","Zhi","Ye","Yi","Yan","Er", etc.
2. The object usually appears before the predicates, and the object and the subject are often connected by empty words such as "Yu","Zhi","Ye","Yi","Yan", etc.
3. The grammar structure of the judgment sentence in classical Chinese is more complicated and needs to be judged according to the specific context.
The judgment sentences in classical Chinese often have mood particles such as "hu","yu","er","zhi","ye","yi","yan", etc. These mood particles can express different tones such as doubt, exclamation, affirmation, negation, etc.
The expression of the judgment sentence in classical Chinese is more implicit. It often uses metaphor, metonymy, metaphor and other rhetorical devices. It needs to be understood and analyzed according to the specific context.
How many types of judgments are there in classical Chinese?Judgment sentences in classical Chinese can be divided into the following types:
1. The object preposition sentence: In modern Chinese, the object is usually placed in front of the predicates, but in classical Chinese, the object preposition sentence is a common grammar phenomenon. The types of such sentences were:
- The object is placed before the verb: for example,"I am telling you"("tell" is the verb,"you" is the object placed before the verb)
- The object is in front of the question word: such as "how?" (The interrogative word "Ru" is also a verb in classical Chinese."He" is the object placed in front of the interrogative word)
- The object is placed before the pronoun: for example,"this is also a farewell"("this" is a pronoun,"also" is an adverb,"one" is an object placed before a pronoun)
2. Judgment sentences with inconsistent subject and predicates: In modern Chinese, the subject and the predicates are usually inconsistent, but this kind of judgment sentence is more common in classical Chinese. The types of such sentences were:
- The subject is in the front and the verb is in the back: For example,"My late emperor died halfway through his business"("Starting a business" is the subject "not half" verb "and" is a conjunction placed after the verb)
- The subject is in the back and the verb is in the front: I have forgotten my teacher."
3. Modifier postposition: In modern Chinese, adverbials are usually placed after predicates, but in classical Chinese, adverbials are more common. The types of such sentences were:
- The adverbials are after the verb: for example,"Where does the great desire of men and women exist?"
- The adverbials are after the interrogative words, such as "how?" The good of a person is also "(The interrogative word" Ru "is also a verb in classical Chinese." Hao "is a verb," Zhi "is an adverb, and" Ye "is a predicative. It is placed after the interrogative word)
An Analysis of the 12 Golden Beauties in Dream of the Red Chamber and Their JudgmentsThe Twelve Beauties of Jinling in Dream of the Red Chamber included Lin Daiyu, Xue Baochai, Jia Yuanchun, Jia Tanchun, Shi Xiangyun, Miaoyu, Jia Yingchun, Jia Xichun, Wang Xifeng, Jia Qiaojie, Li Wan, and Qin Keqing. The following is an analysis of their respective judgments:
1. Lin Daiyu and Xue Baochai
Verdict: "Alas for the virtue of the halt, pity for the intoning of talent. The jade belt is hung in the forest, and the gold hairpin is buried in the snow."
1. ** Quoting allusions and characters **
- "Stop Virtue" came from the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, referring to the virtuous character that complied with the feudal moral standards and encouraged her husband to seek fame. Here, she praised Baochai. "Yong Xu Cai" originated from Shi Shuo Xin Yu, which referred to a woman's talent in poetry and implied that Dai Yu's talent should be pitied.
2. ** Homonym of name and hint of fate **
- "Jade belt forest" was "Lin Daiyu","hanging in the jade belt forest" meant that Daiyu's talent had been ignored and her fate was tragic, like a jade belt hanging on a dead tree. "Snow" was a homonym for "Xue", and "buried in the snow with a golden hairpin" implied that Xue Baochai was like a golden hairpin buried in the snow. Although she had a golden and jade fate, she was left out and lonely.
** 2. Jia Yuanchun **
Verdict: " For twenty years, I have distinguished right from wrong, and the blooming of the pomegranate flowers shines on the palace. The three springs compete for the early spring scenery, and the tiger and rhinoceros meet in a big dream."
1. ** Court life and turning of fate **
- Yuanchun had lived in the palace for more than twenty years, and had been promoted from a female historian to a minister of Fengzao Palace to a virtuous imperial concubine. In the palace, she learned how to distinguish between right and wrong, and was as glorious as a willow flower.
2. ** Comparing sisters and death hints **
- "Three springs compete with the early spring scenery" meant that her three younger sisters were not as rich as her. "Tiger and rhinoceros meet and dream of returning" implied that she died at the turn of the year of the tiger and the year of the rabbit, and also implied the inevitable outcome of entering the palace as a concubine.
** 3. Jia Tanchun **
Verdict: "Only smart and ambitious, born in the end of the world luck partial decline. I shed tears to see you off by the river, and I dreamed of the east wind from a thousand miles away."
1. ** Personal talent and family environment **
- Tanchun was ambitious, smart, capable, sober and sensitive, but she was born in the end of the feudal society and was born of a concubine, which limited her talent.
2. ** The hint of fate in marrying far away **
- During the Qingming Festival, she married into a faraway country by boat and could only reunite with her family in her dreams.
** 4. Shi Xiangyun **
Verdict: "What is wealth? In swaddling clothes, parents are separated; I open my eyes to see the setting sun; The Xiangjiang River flows away and the Chu clouds fly."
1. ** Family background and early encounters **
- Shi Xiangyun was born into a wealthy family, but her parents died when she was a baby. Although her family was rich, she did not enjoy the warmth.
2. ** The hint of a short marriage **
- Borrowing the allusion of King Huai of Chu dreaming of the Goddess of Wushan Mountain, it implied the decline of historians and the short life of Xiangyun couple.
** 5. Miaoyu **
Verdict: "If you want to be pure, you will never be pure. The clouds are not necessarily empty. Poor gold and jade, finally sank into the mud."
1. ** The contradiction between personality and Buddhist situation **
- Although Miaoyu entered the empty door, her heart was noble and pure, and she pretended to be noble. If she wanted to keep her purity and convert to Buddhism, things would go contrary to her wishes.
2. ** A hint of tragic fate **
- She came from an extraordinary background and was the daughter of an official family in Suzhou. However, she was raped in the end and fell into the mud.
6. Jia Yingchun
Verdict: "The son is a wolf in the middle of the mountain. When he succeeds, he will be rampant." The golden boudoir is full of flowers and willows. In a year, I will go to Huangliang."
1. ** The image of a husband and the fate of welcoming spring **
- "Zi Xi" was combined with the word "Sun", and "Sun Yat-sen Wolf" borrowed allusions to refer to Yingchun's husband, Sun Shaozu, who was vicious and vicious. When his family was in trouble, he sought help from the Jia family. After gaining power, he trampled on Yingchun at will.
2. ** The Tragic Ending of Yingchun **
- Yingchun was originally a delicate young lady, but she died tragically a year after their marriage.
** 7. Jia Xichun **
Verdict: "The three spring scenes are not long, and the clothes are changed from the makeup of the past years." Poor noble daughter of an embroidered family, lying alone beside a green lamp and an ancient Buddha."
1. ** Understanding the fate of the family **
- "Three spring scenes do not last long" refers to late spring, but also implies that Xichun's three sisters suffered, which made her see through the world.
2. ** Fate of becoming a nun **
- She was determined to get rid of the secular world and enter the empty door. She was no longer a rich young lady and lived a life accompanied by ancient Buddhas.
** 8. Wang Xifeng **
Verdict: "All birds come from the end of the world and know how to love this talent." The first, the second, the third, the third, the fourth, the fifth, the sixth, the fifth, the fifth, the sixth, the sixth, the fifth, the sixth, the sixth, the fifth, the sixth, the fifth, the sixth, the sixth, the fifth, the sixth, the seventh, the eighth, the
1. ** Doomsday environment and personal talent **
- Sister Feng was born in the apocalypse, but she was a capable and successful woman who was born in the apocalypse. She was very talented and admirable.
2. ** Marriage and Divorced Fate **
- " One obeys, two orders, three people's wood " referred to her husband Jia Lian's attitude towards her, from being obedient when they were newly married to gradually becoming cold and giving orders. In the end, he abandoned her, and she could only cry and go back to her mother's house.
** Nine, Sister Jia Qiao **
Verdict: "When the power is defeated, the clouds are noble, and the family is dead." I was lucky enough to meet my benefactor."
1. ** Family Decline and Ugly Human Nature **
- When one's power declined and one's family business withered, one should not mention the wealth of the past, nor should one talk about blood relatives.
2. ** Sister Qiao's Rescue Experience **
- Sister Qiao's mother, Wang Xifeng, had helped Granny Liu. When Sister Qiao was kidnapped by her uncle, Wang Ren, it was thanks to Granny Liu that she escaped from the tiger's mouth.
** 10. Li Wan **
Verdict: "Peach and plum spring breeze bear fruit, who is like a pot of orchid in the end?" It's like ice and water. I'm jealous of you in vain."
1. ** Li Wan's Life Journey **
- Li Wan's youth was like a peach blossom in the spring breeze, withering after bearing fruit. She had lost her husband at a young age and had raised her child according to etiquette.
2. ** The sorrow and helplessness of fate **
- In the eyes of the feudal rulers, she was as clean and beautiful as ice water, but Jia Lan's Zhongju could not reverse the decline of the Jia family. She was envied and eventually became a sacrificial figure of the feudal ethics.
Eleven, Qin Keqing
Verdict: " Love is like the sky, love is like the sea, and love is like the body. When love meets, it must be the master of lust. It is said that all unworthy people are born with glory. The beginning of trouble is really peaceful."
1. ** Emotional relationships and unethical love **
- The term " Love of Heaven and Sea " referred to the love between a man and a woman. It exposed the improper relationship between Jia Rong's father, Jia Zhen, and Qin Keqing.
2. ** Family responsibilities and tragic fate **
- It was said that all the unworthy children came from Rongguo Mansion, but the ones who caused the disaster were the people of Ningguo Mansion. However, you were forced to commit suicide by Jia Zhen.
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