Lymph node neck swellingEnlarged cervical nodes were commonly seen in the following situations:
** 1. Infected (inflamed) swelling **
1. ** Cause **
- When infected with bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, chrysanthemums, fungi, spirillum, protozoa, worms, etc., it can cause acute and chronic infection of the nodes. At this time, the nodes would be congested and otemic, and the proliferations of the splenoid and the splenoid would occur. There would also be infiltration of neutrons, mononells, and plasma cells. Necrosis and the formation of granules would even occur, causing the nodes to enlarge and cause pain.
2. ** Different types and manifestations of inflammation **
- [** The swollen nodes were soft, tender, smooth, and had no stickiness. The swelling stopped when it reached a certain extent. The redness and swelling can be subsided after timely anti-infection treatment. When the condition worsened, it could also develop into an Abscess, accompanied by symptoms of infection all over the body.
- ** Chronically-occurring adenectomy **: The disease has a long course, mild symptoms, hard, mobile, and inconspicuous tenderness. Eventually, the size of the nodes may shrink or subside.
- For example, when you have a cold, the neck nodes may swell due to the body's immune response. This is because the immune cells in the nodes proliferate while fighting viruses or bacteria, causing the size of the nodes to increase.
** 2. Tumorous swelling **
1. ** Intrinsic tumor **
- Intrinsic tumors that originated from the histologically rich tissues, such as leukemia, could be manifested as unlimited proliferating tumor cells proliferating in large numbers in the nodes, occupying and destroying the normal tissue structure of the nodes. At the same time, it would cause the growth of the fiber tissues and the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the nodes, leading to the swelling of the nodes. The enlarged nodes caused by leukemia were more than 1.5 cm in diameter, tough in texture, smooth in surface, and had a low echo shape. They were not painful or itchy. They might also be accompanied by general symptoms such as fever, night sweats, loss of appetite, weight loss; skin damage such as skin itching, redness, or erosion; oppression symptoms such as abdominal distension, abdominal pain, chest pain, headache, bone pain, etc.
2. ** Metastatic tumor **
- When tumors outside the cervical nodes, such as oral cancer, nasal cancer, and gastric cancer, metastasized to the cervical nodes, they would also cause the cervical nodes to swell. For example, stomach cancer might have metastasized to the left supraclavicular node.
** 3. Reactive Hypertrophy and Swelling **
1. ** Reason and performance **
- It included non-specific and immune responsive proliferations. Most of them were caused by biological factors (bacteria, viruses, etc.), chemical factors (drugs, environmental toxins, toxic products of metabolism, etc.), allergic stimulation, and other factors, causing a large number of reactive proliferations of the splenoid and mononic-labeled engulfing cells in the lumbar nodes, which were manifested as the expansion of the lumbar follicles, the proliferations of the splenoid cells near the capillaries, and the necrotic proliferations, resulting in the swelling of the lumbar nodes.
** IV. Histitiological Hypertrophy and Enlarged Swelling **
1. ** Manifestation and related diseases **
- There was a large number of histiocytic proliferations in the nodes, which were distributed in a patchy, focal, or diffuse manner. Granulomas could also form, such as Langerhan's histiosis. In addition, when there are a large number of Niemann-Pick cells and Gautier cells in the nodes, they can also cause the nodes to swell.
Normal superficial nodes were very small, with a diameter of less than 0.5 cm. The surface was smooth and soft, and there was no attachment to the surrounding tissues or tenderness. When the neck is swollen, it can be judged whether it is benign or malignant by some characteristics, such as whether there is pain when touching it.(Benign swollen nodes have obvious pain, malignant swollen nodes have no pain), size (Benign enlarged nodes are mostly less than 2cm in size. If the size exceeds 2cm, it means that the degree of malignant is higher), mobility (Benign swollen nodes have better mobility and can move freely with the skin, while malignant swollen nodes have poorer mobility), texture (Benign swollen nodes have softer texture and clear boundaries, while malignant swollen nodes have harder texture and blurred boundaries), etc. At the same time, it should also be judged based on whether other symptoms appear in the body, such as fever, cough, fatigue, itchy skin, weight loss, etc. If it is suspected that it is malignant or unexplained swelling, it is necessary to seek medical advice in time, and perform blood routine, ultrasound examination, and if necessary, pathological examination of the nodes to confirm the diagnosis.
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