muscat

Answer 1

Muscat grapes are a type of European and Asian grapes, originated in the United Kingdom, and are a variety of local grapes in China.

** 1. Fruit's characteristics **
1. ** Ear and fruit **
- The ear was conical and medium in size. The average ear weight was 350 grams, and the big ones could reach more than 500 grams. The largest ear weight could reach about 1000 grams. The fruit is loose to medium tight. The fruit is oval or ovoid, with an average weight of 5 grams and a maximum weight of 6.2 grams. It is dark purple-red, with a medium thickness of skin and thick fruit powder. The flesh is yellow-green, soft and juicy.
2. ** Quality *
- It was sweet and had a strong rose fragrance. The fruit contained 18 - 20% sugar content, 15% - 20% dissolved solid content, and 0.5% - 0.7% acid content. The fresh quality was extremely good. The brewed wine was of average quality. The wine had a typical fruit fragrance, but it was not easy to age.

** 2. Planting Techniques **
1. ** Seedlings selection and treatment **
- Choose an annual seedling with good growth, at least 0.4 cm thick, with more than 5 lateral roots and 3 - 5 full buds on the side branches. Soak the roots of the seedlings in clear water for 12 - 24 hours (soaking 1 - 2 days before planting), so that the roots can absorb water before planting.
2. ** Planting **
- When planting, dig a trench and plant it with the original soil ball. Let the roots spread out in the soil and bury them all. After planting, press the surrounding soil and water it in time. In water-poor areas, the fruit trees were cultivated every year to deepen their roots and improve their drought tolerance.

** 3. Management Techniques **
1. ** Water and fertilizer management **
- Before sprouting, apply 30 - 40kg of diaminium orthonate and 15 - 20kg of carbamine per mu; before blooming, apply 20 - 30kg of diaminium orthonate; spray 0.3 - 0.5% of Borax solution at the beginning of flowering stage; spray 0.2 - 0.3% of Monobium Phosphates solution after the berries are colored; spray once every 7 days for 3 - 4 times in a row. Water the soil appropriately every time you apply fertilizer to keep the soil slightly moist.
2. ** Trimmed and wiped **
- The growth state of the plant was stable, and the new leaves on the branches were trimmed appropriately. In the year of fruit hanging, he should pick the heart in time and repeatedly, cut off the secondary shoots, repair the ears of flowers, and leave 1 - 2 ears for each fruit branch. The secondary shoots under the ear were completely wiped off from the base, and the secondary shoots above the ear were left with 1 - 2 leaves before being pinched in time.
3. ** Whole panicle covered **
- Remove 1/5 - 1/4 of the ear tip, insect grains, and deformed grains. Bag the ear with a paper bag with good ventilation. Before sheathing, spray disinfectant such as carbendazim on the ear. Remove the paper bag 10 days before harvesting.
4. ** Harvest at the right time **
- It was best to harvest the fruits after they were ripe in the morning or evening. During the harvesting process, it was best to avoid man-made damage to the fruits and cut off the sick and insect grains.
5. ** Clean the garden to prevent cold **
- Clean up the orchard thoroughly, trim the insect branches and old branches, clean up the weeds, fallen leaves, and fallen fruits, and bury them deep in the distance or burn them in a concentrated manner. From mid-November to early winter, the branches and vines were removed from the shelves, tied up, and buried to prevent cold.

** 4. Method to identify quality **
1. ** Appearance **
- The fruit stem should be green and fresh, the fruit surface and fruit powder should be complete, and the skin color should be bright without spots. The fruit stem is moldy and rusted, the fruit powder is incomplete, the peel is withered and dark, and the fruit surface is wet or has brown spots, which is not fresh. The fruit should be plump, uniform in size and mature appropriately.
2. ** Fruit Growth Status **
- You can pick up the main stalk of the ear and shake it slightly. The fruit grains are firm and fresh. If the grains fall down one after another, it means that they have been stored for a long time.
3. ** Taste and identify **
- The meat was crispy and tender, with a lot of fruit pulp and a little sourness. Those with rose or strawberry fragrance were top-grade, while the meat was like a "leather ring", with little sweetness and more sourness.

** 5. Other characteristics **
1. ** Growth characteristic **
- The growth of the plant is medium, the second fruit rate is high, and the yield is high. The requirements for fertilizer and water and management techniques were relatively high. Under the conditions of sufficient fertilizer and water quality and proper cultivation and management measures, the yield was high and the quality was good. On the contrary, it was easy to produce flower and fruit dropping and big and small grains. The ears were loose and easy to suffer from the "water jar" disease. The technical measures such as pinching the tip of the ear before blooming should be taken to ensure the quality. The disease resistance was moderate. It was suitable for cultivation in the shed and hedgerow frame. Medium and short shoot trimming should be used.
2. ** Range of distribution **
- The planting area in the world was very wide, especially in European countries. It was mainly planted in Beijing and other places in China. It was also planted in Turpan, Shandong, Yunnan and other places in Xinjiang. It could be developed in the north of the Yellow River.

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