How to test the various parameters of the camera
The following are some of the camera's parameters: ** 1. Dynamic Range Test of the Sensing Device ** You can refer to the ratings of the camera's mos on the DexOmark website. By grouping different cameras according to the order of the DexOmark, for example, five cameras in a group, the dynamic range of each camera under different USB values was compared. For example, the Pantheon S1R had higher data at the highest dynamic range, but it was basically the same as other cameras after the drop of around 400. In the case of high sensitivity, the dynamic range of the SonyA7R3 was relatively higher, and the performance of the SonyA7R4 was also better. Among the cameras ranked 6 - 10, the SonyRX1RM2 and A7R2 had the same dynamic range and performed better than the other three machines in high sensitivity due to the same mos. The Lycra Q2 performed the worst. ** 2. Shutter Speed Test ** 1. ** Shutter speed test for specific effects ** - Prepare a tripod, a shower head, and a water pipe (connected to the faucet). Turn the camera to Shutter priority (Tv) mode, aim at the showerhead, and find the shutter speed that can "freeze" the water droplets (for example, the water droplets can be frozen in 1/500 seconds for the subject of the showerhead). Then gradually slow down the shutter speed to observe the effect of the shutter speed on the water flow. If the water flow of the showerhead was too fast, he could find a natural water flow and experiment again. First, find the high-speed shutter that froze the water flow, and then slowly reduce the shutter speed to observe the flow of the water and the situation of the fog. 2. ** Hand-held shutter speed test ** - Find an object with rich details (patterns, texture) as the main subject. Starting from the "safety shutter"(that is, the inverse of the focal length of the lens on hand, for example, the safety shutter of a 24mm lens is 1/24 second), adjust the shutter speed to shoot at the main subject. He copied the photo to the computer, enlarged the details, and judged at what shutter speed the details were still sharp, and at what shutter speed the details were slightly blurred but overall sharp, so as to understand the performance of the lens at hand. ** 3. Light sensitivity test ** 1. ** Using the Glory 30S phone as an example, the sensitivity test ** - In the professional mode of the phone, the sensitivity could be adjusted from 50 to 51200, but it was important to use the sensitivity reasonably in most scenes. For example, in most low-light situations, it was enough to drive to 800 - 1600, and it was rare to use 3200 - 6400. In the night view mode of the Glory 30S phone, the sensitivity could be manually adjusted from 100 to 1600. The effect of the sensitivity could be tested by comparing the quality of the photos taken under different sensitivity. 2. ** For the sensitivity test of a digital camera ** - In general, the higher the sensitivity, the more affected the digital camera would be. The sensitivity could be tested by shooting the same scene at different sensitivity and observing the photo quality (such as noise, color reproduction, etc.). Read more exciting novels for free
Various camera mode parameters
The common shooting modes of the camera are Aperture priority mode (LV), Shutter priority mode (TV), and Manual mode (M). The parameters of each mode are as follows: ** 1. Aperture priority mode (LV)** 1. ** Aperture setting ** - For landscape shots, the aperture was set to F8 - F11, and the exposure compensation was set to 0. - When shooting a portrait: You can use the maximum aperture or the maximum aperture to reduce the aperture by one gear. At the same time, you can use spot photography to measure the eyes of the model. The exposure compensation is 0. - Cultural street photography: If you need to blur the environment, the aperture is F2.8 or larger; if you don't need to blur the environment, the aperture is F8. - For macro photography, the aperture was between F8 - F11. - [Starlight effect: Aperture: F8 - F11] - For shooting flowers, birds, and insects, the aperture should be at F5.6 or below, and the best was to have an IQ of 400 or less. 2. ** Other related skills ** - Under normal circumstances, unless you want to maintain a safe shutter, avoid using the maximum aperture to shoot. - Try to use F8 - F11 apertures for scenery shots. - For close-ups of characters and still objects, the maximum aperture can be reduced by 1 - 2 apertures. - The safety shutter should be controlled above the inverse of the focal length as much as possible. The wide-angle shutter should be above 1/30s. If the shutter is insufficient, you can increase the aperture or USB. ** 2. Shutter priority mode (TV)** 1. ** Shutter Speed Setting ** - For general body movements, the shutter speed should be above 1/60s. - Walking time: 1/125s or more. - [Fast travel: 1/500s and above.] - Running: 1/1000s or above. - Skiing: 1/2000s or above. - [Bike: 1/2000s and above.] - Normal speed of the car: 1/2000s or above. - [Flight distance: 1/500s] - Follow-up photography: 1/60s- 1/4s - [Freezing birds nearby: 1/4000s] - [Fog Sea: 1/4s or slower] - For daily shooting, the shutter speed is 1/80s- 1/200s. - [Character capture: Shutter speed greater than 1/125s.] - [Baby/Pet: Shutter speed greater than 1/200s.] - Star Chaser/Athlete: Shutter speed greater than 1/1000s. - [Capture car: Shutter speed greater than 1/2000s.] - Starry Sky: 25s-30s. - Shooting fireworks: 3s - 5s. - Light Painting: 15s-30s. - [Star Orbit: More than 2 hours.] ** 3. Manual Mode (M)** 1. ** Different settings for different subjects ** - Full Moon: Shutter speed: 1/500s, Iso200, Aperture: F5.6 - F8 (Clear). - Crescent Moon: Shutter speed: 1/500s, USB: 200, Aperture: F4 - F5.6 (Clear). - New Moon: Shutter speed: 1/500s, USB: 400, Aperture: F4. - [Firework: Shutter speed: 1 - 4s, USB: 200, Aperture: F8.] - [Lightning: Use the B-door, with an IQ of 200 and an aperture of F8 (until the end of the shooting, the environment should be darker).] - Street lights: Shutter speed: 15 seconds, USB: 100, Aperture: F11 (adjusted according to street brightness). - Water boat lights: Shutter speed 30s, USB 100, aperture F8 (adjusted according to the brightness of the environment). - Galaxy: Shutter speed: 30s, 1600 - 6400, Aperture: F2.8 (with super wide angle). - Star Orbit Shooting: Each photo was exposed for 30 seconds, and the next photo was taken at an interval of 1 second. At least 120 photos were taken and stacked later. - Flower photography: Shutter speed: 1/125s, aperture: F2.8, and the CPU is 100 (sunny weather). - Scenery: Shutter speed: 1/125s, aperture: F4, and the CPU: 100 (sunny weather). - Night view: Shutter speed: 1/15s, aperture: F1.8, and the CPU: 200. - Shooting movement: Shutter speed: 1/500s, aperture: F2.4, and the CPU: 100. - Wedding room: Shutter speed: 1/125s, aperture: F2.8 - F8, and the CPU: 400. In addition, the camera's common measuring modes were multiple measuring, center measuring, spot measuring, average measuring, etc. Multi-level Metering is used to calculate the appropriate exposure based on the overall picture, which is basically suitable for most daily shooting. Center Metering is used to take the center of the picture as the important exposure area, which is suitable for shooting with a clear main object in the center of the picture (such as still life, portrait, pet, etc.). Spot Metering only counts the exposure of the picture within the spot, which is suitable for shooting when the light ratio is very large (such as backlit silhouette or black-and-white photo shooting). Average Metering is used to average the exposure information of the whole picture on the screen, which is suitable for outdoor or landscape shooting. Some cameras also had strong light measurement, which focused on the strong light area of the screen to ensure that the part was not exposed. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Various parameters of the camera external reference matrix
The external parameters matrix described how the points in the world coordinate system were transformed into points in the camera coordinate system through translation and rotation. where the index c represents the coordinates in the camera coordinate system, the index w represents the coordinates in the world coordinate system, R represents the rotation matrix, and t represents the translation matrix. The external parameters matrix was actually the alignment of the world coordinate system of a certain point P and the camera coordinate system. That is, after translation and rotation, the two coordinate systems could be completely overlapped. For example, in the rotation transformation in two-dimensional space, a certain point P in different coordinate systems can be represented by the base variables in different coordinate systems.(Among them, xc, yc, xw, and yw are the unit orthonormal base matrices in the coordinate system.) Through these relationships, the meaning of the parameters of the rotation matrix can be obtained: the first column of the rotation matrix represents the direction of the Xw axis in the world coordinate system in the camera coordinate system; the second column of the rotation matrix represents the direction of the Yw axis in the world coordinate system in the camera coordinate system; and so on for the transformation matrix in three-dimensional space. Moreover, when the camera motion is considered, the external parameters matrix will change accordingly based on the initial matrix and each motion matrix (for example, when the camera moves in R1 and t1, the matrix of the motion will be multiplied by the original matrix, etc.). In addition, for the external reference of the non-overlapping field of view camera, one of the calibrations was to construct two similar maps and find all the matching map points. The external reference parameters were the transformation relationship between the maps, which also involved the reflection of the relevant parameters of the external reference matrix in different scenarios. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Nikon's various single-lens reflex camera parameters
Nikon single-lens reflex cameras came in several series. The parameters of different series were as follows: - **Dx series **: D1, which started in 1999, was the beginning of this series. The latest product is D6. This series had the strongest focus and continuous shooting performance among Nikon's DSLR, and was the flagship model. - ** D8x series **: This is the flagship image quality camera of Nikon's DSLR. Compared to Canon's 5D series, such as the D850, even after six years of release, the image quality is still very strong. - ** D7x series, D6x series **: They were the entry-level full-frame models of Nikon's DSLR, which were comparable to Canon's 6D series. When the Nikon D600 was released, there was a problem with the shutter assembly. Soon after, Nikon released the D610. The entry-level full-frame D750, which was released in 2014, also belonged to this series. - ** Dx00 series **: This is the Nikon APS-C frame speed flagship camera, which is comparable to Canon's 7D series. It focuses on focusing and continuous shooting speed. - ** D7x00 series **: It was a high-end image quality model with the APS-C format. - ** D5x000 series, D3x00 series **: These are low-end DSLR products from Nikon, and are currently no longer available for sale. For example, the Nikon D810 was a 36-million-resolution full-frame single-lens reflex camera with an aluminum alloy shell. It was priced at more than 20,000 yuan on the market and sold for thousands of yuan second-hand depending on its color. The Nikon D5 and D4S were professional full-frame single-lens reflex cameras, but no detailed comparison of parameters was found. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The parameters of the camera
There were many parameters for the camera lens. The following were some common parameters: 1. ** Focus **: It determines the degree of zooming of the lens. A longer focal length was used for long-distance shooting. For example, a telephoto lens could be used to shoot long-distance topics such as sports competitions, wild animals, aircraft, etc., and it could also enhance the background blurring effect. A shorter focal length was used for wide-angle shooting, such as wide-angle lenses for landscape photography, architectural photography, and crowded indoor spaces. 2. ** Aperture **: For example, the main camera of the Vivo X200 Pro is equipped with a large aperture of f/1.57, which helps to take brighter and clearer photos in dark environments. Its periscope telephoto lens has an aperture of f/2.67, which can ensure the clarity and details of the picture when shooting telephoto. The size of the aperture affected the amount of light entering, depth of field, and so on. 3. ** Pieces **: It is one of the important indicators to measure the quality of the camera. For example, the main camera of the Vivo X200 Pro is expected to use a 50-million-pel large sensor, and the periscope telephoto lens is equipped with a 200-million-pel periscope telephoto lens. 4. ** Photosensor **: For example, the sensor of the HD - 3000 camera is a LCD; the main camera of the Vivo X200 Pro has a 1/1.28-inch sensor, and the periscope telephoto lens has a 1/1.4-inch base. 5. ** View angle **: For example, the helmet camera lens is a 3.7mm pinhole lens with a 90-degree view angle. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The parameters of the camera
The main parameters of the camera lens were as follows: - Aperture: controls the amount of light that enters the lens. The smaller the aperture, the greater the amount of light that enters the lens, and the more obvious the background blurring effect. For example, in a dark environment, a large aperture could allow more light to enter the camera and take a bright photo. At the same time, it could highlight the subject and blur the background. - ** Focus **: determines the angle of view and magnifying power of the lens. The short focal length lens had a wide angle of view and was suitable for shooting large scenes such as landscapes. The long focal length lens had a narrow angle of view and could zoom in on distant objects. It was often used to shoot portraits, close-ups, or sports events that needed to be zoomed in. - ** Shutter Speed **: The length of time the shutter is opened. A fast shutter speed could freeze instantaneous movements, which was suitable for shooting moving objects, such as fast running athletes. A slow shutter speed could capture the trajectory of the object's movement, such as shooting a smooth effect when shooting water. However, a slow shutter speed needed to be used with a tripod to prevent blurring caused by hand shaking. - [Depth-of-field]: It refers to the range of clear images before and after the focal point. A large aperture would cause the depth of field to become shallow, that is, the clear range before and after the focus was small; a small aperture would cause the depth of field to be large, and the clear range before and after the focus would be wide. - ** Light sensitivity (USB)**: It indicates the sensitivity of the camera to light. The higher the value, the more sensitive the camera was to light. In a dim environment, the camera could increase the brightness by raising the value, but an overly high value would cause noise and affect the image quality. - ** White Balance **: Adjusts the camera to ensure that white objects appear white under different lighting conditions. Automatic white balance (AWB) for daily shooting can basically meet the needs, but it can be manually controlled in special scenes or when you want to change the image effect, such as using the built-in scene mode, manually adjusting the K value, etc. - ** Distortion **: Different types of lenses may have different degrees of distortion. For example, wide-angle lenses may produce barrel distortion, and telephoto lenses may produce pincushion-shaped distortion. This was something to take note of when shooting objects that required strict shapes such as buildings. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
External parameters of the camera
The external parameters of the camera were parameters in the world coordinate system, mainly referring to the rotation and translation matrix between the camera systems, such as the position and rotation direction of the camera. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The parameters of the camera, the clock
Some cameras can set the clock signal. For details, please consult the camera supplier. After determining the camera's PixelClock, when setting the PixelClock of the capture card, the PixelClock value of the capture card is required to be equal to the PixelClock value of the camera. Under normal circumstances, this value is the default value and does not need to be changed. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
camera optical parameters
The optical parameters of the camera included the following aspects: 1. ** focal length **: This is a very important optical parameters of the lens. It refers to the distance from the main point of the lens to the focal point. It is an important performance indicator of the lens. The length of the focal length of the lens was inverse to the size of the image taken by the lens. That is, under the same object distance, the larger the focal length of the lens, the smaller the size of the image taken. Most industrial cameras use fixed-focus lenses in practical applications. Before choosing the focal length of the lens, you need to know the object distance of the on-site camera (the installation height of the camera lens from the surface of the measured object) and the field of view of the camera (the size of the characteristics of the measured object). In some applications involving the mixed inspection of objects at different heights, the use of a variable focal length lens would be considered. However, the variable focal length lens had two issues to consider: zooming speed and lens life. 2. ** Depth-of-field **: When the focal length of the lens is adjusted to a focal point, only the objects within a certain distance before and after the focal point are clearly visible. The objects outside this distance are blurred. This distance is the depth of field of the lens. 3. ** Pieces and resolution **: Pieces are the smallest unit of an image generated by the imaging chip, such as a 2-million-pel image. The resolution referred to the imaging ability of the CCD-or CMOS-chip. For example, the resolution of a 2-million-pel camera was 1626 x 1236, which meant that the camera had 1626 x 1236 rows in the X-axis direction. The total image taken was about 2 million pel. The detection accuracy could be simply evaluated by dividing the actual size of the image's X-axis by the number of X-axis dots. However, the final detection accuracy was affected by many factors, including the moving speed of the object being measured, light interference, the shape of the object, the contrast of the features, the computing power of the software, and so on. 4. ** Picture element size **: This is also an important optical parameters of the camera. 5. ** Target size of sensor **: It is the most concerned part of the camera's optical parameters. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Restore camera parameters
If it's a Huawei phone, you can click on the camera icon to set it up. After entering the camera interface, click on the settings icon in the top right corner. In the settings interface, find the last column "Restore default values" and click it. After clicking OK, all the values will be restored to the default values, and it will automatically return to the camera interface. You can also turn on the camera, then open the MENU key, find the symbol of the wrench, find the settings to clear all, and you can restore some of the previously messed up parameters to their original values. There may be differences between different models of phones or cameras, and some operations may not be applicable to all devices. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
camera panel parameters
The camera panel parameters include many aspects. The following is a detailed introduction: ** 1. Setting of parameters related to focusing ** 1. **AF - ON** - It can be set to switch between single focus, autofocus, and servo-autofocus. When setting up, click the AF-ON button, then click the menu button. In the pop-up menu, select the second camera setting from the right in the first layer of the menu. Choose 3 in the second layer of the menu (that is, select the custom button), find AF-ON and set it as the autofocus start button. This way, you can directly use AF-ON to select the focus mode when taking pictures. 2. **M - FN** - It can be set to drive mode, focus mode, white balance, light measurement mode, etc. Find the custom button in the MENU settings, click M-mn, and set it according to the content ticked in the detailed information. During the shooting process, click M-mn to change the setting content at will. ** 2. The parameters related to the shooting effect previews ** 1. ** Depth of field button ** - It could be set to a photo style. In the MENU, follow the specific setting steps (similar to finding the custom button when setting AF-ON), select the depth of field in the custom option. After setting it to the photo style, you can use the depth of field button to choose portrait shooting or landscape shooting. ** 3. The parameters related to the imaging display ** 1. ** Image confirmation ** - It was mainly used to display the photo on the camera for a short time after shooting to check the effect of the film. In the first camera setting on the first layer of the MENU button, there was an image confirmation option under the seventh menu on the second layer. Generally, you could choose the image confirmation time of 2 seconds. ** 4. Photosensitivity related parameters ** 1. ** Light sensitivity (USB)** - You can set the minimum and maximum value. After setting it, you can adjust the sensitivity within this range. The best image that the equipment could bear was the maximum value. If the value exceeded this value, the noise in the photos would increase. The setting step was to set up the camera on the first layer of the MENU setting, click on the 2 option, and then enter the sensitivity setting menu and select the automatic range. The maximum and minimum values were set according to the equipment's tolerance range. 2. ** High noise reduction setting ** - In extremely dark environments, when there were no lights or tripods, and the exposure time could not be extended, a high IQ noise reduction could be set to adjust the brightness of the picture, but this was not a long-term solution. It was best to add lighting equipment when the environment was not bright enough. In the MENU settings, the first camera setting on the left, click on the high iso sensitivity noise reduction function in option 4, and you can choose strong. ** 5. The parameters related to lens correction ** 1. ** Lens Aberration correction ** - Turn on the peripheral light correction to reduce dark corners, turn on the distortion correction, and select the standard for digital lens optimization. The setting step was to set the camera settings on the left side of the first layer of the MENU settings. Then, click the lens phase difference correction in the option 3, set the surrounding light correction to-on, the distortion correction to- on, and the digital lens optimization to-standard. ** 6. Shutter-related parameters ** 1. ** Memory card not installed, release shutter ** - If he didn't choose to close it, he could press the shutter without a memory card, and if he chose to close it, he couldn't press the shutter without a memory card. In the MENU settings, the first camera setting on the left of the first layer, click on the uninstalled memory card in option 6 to release the shutter. It is recommended to choose off. ** 7. Attributes related to composition assistance ** 1. ** Gridline Setting ** - Regardless of whether you are a novice or a veteran, the grid line can be used as a reference line for composition. It is recommended to keep it on. In the MENU settings, the first layer was the left camera setting. In option 7, click on the shooting information display-show grid line-3x3 grid line, so that the "Jing" line would appear on the camera display. In addition, the camera parameters also involved white balance (such as a specific K value and white balance offset), photo style (including the settings of parameters such as intensity, precision, threshold, contrast, saturation, and hue), etc. Different settings of these parameters would affect the color, style, and other effects of the photo. At the same time, different models of cameras might have different settings for the panel parameters. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>