Various camera mode parameters
The common shooting modes of the camera are Aperture priority mode (LV), Shutter priority mode (TV), and Manual mode (M). The parameters of each mode are as follows: ** 1. Aperture priority mode (LV)** 1. ** Aperture setting ** - For landscape shots, the aperture was set to F8 - F11, and the exposure compensation was set to 0. - When shooting a portrait: You can use the maximum aperture or the maximum aperture to reduce the aperture by one gear. At the same time, you can use spot photography to measure the eyes of the model. The exposure compensation is 0. - Cultural street photography: If you need to blur the environment, the aperture is F2.8 or larger; if you don't need to blur the environment, the aperture is F8. - For macro photography, the aperture was between F8 - F11. - [Starlight effect: Aperture: F8 - F11] - For shooting flowers, birds, and insects, the aperture should be at F5.6 or below, and the best was to have an IQ of 400 or less. 2. ** Other related skills ** - Under normal circumstances, unless you want to maintain a safe shutter, avoid using the maximum aperture to shoot. - Try to use F8 - F11 apertures for scenery shots. - For close-ups of characters and still objects, the maximum aperture can be reduced by 1 - 2 apertures. - The safety shutter should be controlled above the inverse of the focal length as much as possible. The wide-angle shutter should be above 1/30s. If the shutter is insufficient, you can increase the aperture or USB. ** 2. Shutter priority mode (TV)** 1. ** Shutter Speed Setting ** - For general body movements, the shutter speed should be above 1/60s. - Walking time: 1/125s or more. - [Fast travel: 1/500s and above.] - Running: 1/1000s or above. - Skiing: 1/2000s or above. - [Bike: 1/2000s and above.] - Normal speed of the car: 1/2000s or above. - [Flight distance: 1/500s] - Follow-up photography: 1/60s- 1/4s - [Freezing birds nearby: 1/4000s] - [Fog Sea: 1/4s or slower] - For daily shooting, the shutter speed is 1/80s- 1/200s. - [Character capture: Shutter speed greater than 1/125s.] - [Baby/Pet: Shutter speed greater than 1/200s.] - Star Chaser/Athlete: Shutter speed greater than 1/1000s. - [Capture car: Shutter speed greater than 1/2000s.] - Starry Sky: 25s-30s. - Shooting fireworks: 3s - 5s. - Light Painting: 15s-30s. - [Star Orbit: More than 2 hours.] ** 3. Manual Mode (M)** 1. ** Different settings for different subjects ** - Full Moon: Shutter speed: 1/500s, Iso200, Aperture: F5.6 - F8 (Clear). - Crescent Moon: Shutter speed: 1/500s, USB: 200, Aperture: F4 - F5.6 (Clear). - New Moon: Shutter speed: 1/500s, USB: 400, Aperture: F4. - [Firework: Shutter speed: 1 - 4s, USB: 200, Aperture: F8.] - [Lightning: Use the B-door, with an IQ of 200 and an aperture of F8 (until the end of the shooting, the environment should be darker).] - Street lights: Shutter speed: 15 seconds, USB: 100, Aperture: F11 (adjusted according to street brightness). - Water boat lights: Shutter speed 30s, USB 100, aperture F8 (adjusted according to the brightness of the environment). - Galaxy: Shutter speed: 30s, 1600 - 6400, Aperture: F2.8 (with super wide angle). - Star Orbit Shooting: Each photo was exposed for 30 seconds, and the next photo was taken at an interval of 1 second. At least 120 photos were taken and stacked later. - Flower photography: Shutter speed: 1/125s, aperture: F2.8, and the CPU is 100 (sunny weather). - Scenery: Shutter speed: 1/125s, aperture: F4, and the CPU: 100 (sunny weather). - Night view: Shutter speed: 1/15s, aperture: F1.8, and the CPU: 200. - Shooting movement: Shutter speed: 1/500s, aperture: F2.4, and the CPU: 100. - Wedding room: Shutter speed: 1/125s, aperture: F2.8 - F8, and the CPU: 400. In addition, the camera's common measuring modes were multiple measuring, center measuring, spot measuring, average measuring, etc. Multi-level Metering is used to calculate the appropriate exposure based on the overall picture, which is basically suitable for most daily shooting. Center Metering is used to take the center of the picture as the important exposure area, which is suitable for shooting with a clear main object in the center of the picture (such as still life, portrait, pet, etc.). Spot Metering only counts the exposure of the picture within the spot, which is suitable for shooting when the light ratio is very large (such as backlit silhouette or black-and-white photo shooting). Average Metering is used to average the exposure information of the whole picture on the screen, which is suitable for outdoor or landscape shooting. Some cameras also had strong light measurement, which focused on the strong light area of the screen to ensure that the part was not exposed. Read more exciting novels for free
How to set the parameters for the photography mode of the zoom camera
The parameters of the camera
There were many parameters for the camera lens. The following were some common parameters: 1. ** Focus **: It determines the degree of zooming of the lens. A longer focal length was used for long-distance shooting. For example, a telephoto lens could be used to shoot long-distance topics such as sports competitions, wild animals, aircraft, etc., and it could also enhance the background blurring effect. A shorter focal length was used for wide-angle shooting, such as wide-angle lenses for landscape photography, architectural photography, and crowded indoor spaces. 2. ** Aperture **: For example, the main camera of the Vivo X200 Pro is equipped with a large aperture of f/1.57, which helps to take brighter and clearer photos in dark environments. Its periscope telephoto lens has an aperture of f/2.67, which can ensure the clarity and details of the picture when shooting telephoto. The size of the aperture affected the amount of light entering, depth of field, and so on. 3. ** Pieces **: It is one of the important indicators to measure the quality of the camera. For example, the main camera of the Vivo X200 Pro is expected to use a 50-million-pel large sensor, and the periscope telephoto lens is equipped with a 200-million-pel periscope telephoto lens. 4. ** Photosensor **: For example, the sensor of the HD - 3000 camera is a LCD; the main camera of the Vivo X200 Pro has a 1/1.28-inch sensor, and the periscope telephoto lens has a 1/1.4-inch base. 5. ** View angle **: For example, the helmet camera lens is a 3.7mm pinhole lens with a 90-degree view angle. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Computer for camera parameters
The following are some of the main parameters of the camera: ##1. Calculation of the camera's resolution The camera's resolution = horizontal resolution * vertical resolution. ##2. Chip size Calculation Chip size = horizontal size * horizontal resolution. The size of the sensor chip = the resolution * the size of the picture element. ##3. Calculation of resolution resolution (Pixel1) = camera field of view (mm) /resolution (mm /Pixel1). The unit size (width)= sensor size (width)/resolution (width), and the unit size (height)= sensor size (height)/resolution (height). ##4. Precise Calculation The precision referred to the size of the actual object in one pel, which was expressed as (um*um)/pel. The size of a single picture element = width of field of view/width resolution = height of field of view/height resolution. "Picture accuracy = picture size/lens magnification;""Picture accuracy = camera field of view/camera resolution." The size of the short side of the product/the number of short side of the selected camera. ##5. D/d calculation (for calculations related to focal length) Find an object with a known length (just a standard plate) and take a picture of its length in the camera image when it is in focus (for more accuracy, make the length of the object and the length of the image as parallel as possible). Then D/d = the actual length of the object/(length of the image * size of the image). Pay attention to the unit between the size of the image and the actual length. ##6. Calculation of lens magnification The lens magnification was equal to the chip size/the actual field of view required. In terms of frame rate, for an area array camera, the frame rate (fps frame rate) represents the number of pictures that can be taken per second; the line frequency (16 kilosecond line frequency) corresponds to a line array camera, which represents the number of lines that can be scanned per second. The maximum image resolution is resolution * line frequency (example, 2048 x 16k). These parameters reflected the maximum efficiency of the camera, and together with the exposure, they determined the brightness of the image (if the frame rate and line frequency were high and the exposure was low, the image would be very dark; if the frame rate and line frequency were low and the exposure was high, the image would be very bright). The size of the image element refers to the actual physical size of each image element on the chip's image element array. The size of the image element and the number of image elements (resolution) together determine the size of the camera's target surface. Usually, the size of the image element of an industrial camera is 2 pm- 14 pm. The size of the image element reflects the light response ability of the chip to a certain extent. The larger the image element size, the more number of photons it can receive. The more charges it can generate under the same lighting conditions and exposure time. The size of a picture element was a representation of the chip's sensitivity. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Recording parameters of camera
The camera recording parameters mainly included the following aspects: 1. ** Video format **: There are two types of video, namely, feast and PAL. China (Europe)'s television industry standard was PDA, while the United States (Japan, South Korea, and other countries)'s television industry standard was NSA. The video frame rate that could be selected was 25 frames per second (50 frames, 100 frames) in the PDA format, and 30 frames per second (60 frames, 120 frames) in the NSA format. It was recommended to choose the Polar format for filming in China to avoid the phenomenon of light strobing. 2. ** resolution **: It refers to the number of the number of the displayed image in each picture. It is usually expressed by the product of the number of horizontal and vertical images (for example, 1920X1080) or the number of vertical images (for example, directly marked as 1080). The higher the value, the finer the image and the better the quality. 3. ** frame rate **: For example, 1080P 60fps, 1080P 30fps, etc., often appear together with the resolution. 4. ** Bitrate (Bitrate)**: This is also a setting that needs to be selected before shooting a video. 5. [** USB (Light Speed)**: Can be adjusted in professional video mode or movie mode. When the USB is low (e.g. around 100), the picture will be more delicate, with less noise and higher contrast. However, high sensitivity will easily produce noise. After determining the shutter and aperture, the USB is mainly used to coordinate the light in the picture.] 6. ** Shutter Speed **: Normally, the shutter speed is twice the number of frames. For example, if the video format has a frame rate of 25 frames, the shutter speed can be set to 50. If the shutter speed is lower than this value, the video will have a serious smear effect. If the shutter speed is higher than this value, the image will be clearer. 7. ** Aperture **: The aperture size affects the depth of field effect of the picture. The smaller the aperture, the larger the value, and the deeper the depth of field. The larger the aperture, the smaller the value, and the lighter the depth of field. For example, F5.6 was easy to shoot with a shallow depth of field (the subject was clear and the background was blurry), while F16 had a deeper depth of field. 8. ** Recording format **: If there are no special requirements, you can choose to record a 1920*1080 25 frame MOV format HD video. If there are special requirements for zooming in, you can choose 4K or other format. In addition, when shooting with multiple cameras, it was recommended to set up a unified video recording format to reduce the trouble in the later stages. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Hanging camera parameters
Here are some examples of camera parameters: - In the Nordic-style women's hanging photo example, the camera was Canon 5D4, the lens was 50mm f1.8, the aperture was f13, the shutter was 1/100, the USB was 100, the white balance was 5200K, two MCV DP600WII, one 145*250 flag soft light screen, one radar cover, one camera cable, and one Apple computer. However, it should be noted that the lighting environment and the output of the light will be different, and the parameters will be set differently. The main learning method is the lighting method, and the parameters are only for reference. - In an example of a clothing hanging photo, the camera was a Nikon D300, with an aperture of f/7.1, an exposure time of 10/1000, an USB of 200, a focal length of 22.0, and a lens model of AF-S DV VR Zoom-Nikkor 18 - 55mm. The basic settings of the camera for daily shooting will also have a certain impact on the hanging shot. For example, the photo format can be JPG (when not retouching) or RAW (when retouching), the size can be adjusted to large size, and the image quality can be adjusted to high quality (daily); The white balance can be set to "AWB" for daily use, and can be manually adjusted for special scenes or when you want to change the image effect; The sensitivity can be set to "STAR" for daily use, and it will only be manually adjusted when the manual gear (M) is used. The photo style could be selected as "Standard" in daily life; the most commonly used measurement mode was "Evaluation Metering";; the focus mode could be selected as "AF-S + Single Point autofocus" in daily life; and the exposure compensation was generally set to "0EV" in aperture priority/shutter priority mode. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Nightclub camera parameters
To take photos in a dark environment like a nightclub, the camera parameters were set as follows: - Aperture: If you want to ensure the depth of field (clear front and back), the aperture can be set to a small aperture, such as F8 - F13. However, in some special cases, if a large aperture is needed to increase the amount of light, a relatively large aperture value such as f/4.5 (Ref. 3) may be used, or a large aperture lens such as f/1.8 (Ref. 6) may be used to adapt to dark environments. - ** Light sensitivity (USB)**: If the camera has good noise control, such as the Nikon Z6 II (Ref. 6), you can also get a clear picture in dark and night environments with high sensitivity. You can increase the USB. However, in general, the higher the USB, the more noise it may produce. If a tripod or stabilizing device is allowed, try to use a low USB (such as 100 USB) to ensure the quality of the photo (reference 1). However, if you can't use a tripod and you want to avoid blurring the photo, you can increase the IQ appropriately, even if it will cause some noise (Ref. 1). For example, the information in the third document stated that the value of the spell was 3200. - ** Shutter Speed **: If the camera is fixed (such as using a tripod), you can use a longer shutter speed to get enough exposure, such as 20 seconds (Ref. 1). However, if it was hand-held, the shutter speed needed to be determined according to the anti-shake performance of the camera and the movement of the subject to avoid blurring the photo. A faster shutter speed such as 1/200 second (Ref. 3) might be used. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
What are the camera parameters?
The camera's parameters were divided into two parts: 1. * * Internal reference: - focal length (fx, fy, generally equal): It is related to the optical characteristics of the camera lens and affects the zooming in or out of the image. - Coordinates of the principal point (x0, y0, relative to the imaging plane): In the ideal case, the optical axis of the lens passes through the middle of the image, but in reality, there is an error due to the installation accuracy. This is used to describe this error. - Axis tilt (s, 0 in the ideal case): A variable that reflects the difference between the camera's x-direction and y-direction size reduction ratio. It can convert the length measured by the number of pixels into the length measured by other units in three-dimensional space. It can also indicate the difference between the x-direction and y-direction scale transformation. - Distortion parameters (including the distortion of the radius and the direction of the cut): This is used to describe the distortion effect produced when the lens maps a three-dimensional space straight line onto the image. Under ideal circumstances, the lens should map the straight line into a straight line, but there is actually a deviation. 2. * * External reference **: - Rotation Matrix: It is used to describe the direction of the coordinate axis of the world coordinate system relative to the camera coordinate axis. It is used to determine how the world coordinate point will rotate and fall on the camera coordinate point. - Translational Matrix: It described the position of the origin of space in the camera coordinate system, which was the relevant parameters of the world coordinate point after translation to the camera coordinate point. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
camera sensitivity parameters
The parameters related to the camera's sensitivity were the light sensitivity and the minimum illumination. In terms of light sensitivity (USB), the lower the USB, the clearer the photo would be, and the less noise there would be. In the video recording mode, the setting of the sensitivity was related to the camera mode, and the fourth setting was the shutter speed in the camera mode. When the video was being recorded, it became the automatic limit of the sensitivity for time-lapse photography. For example, it could be lowered to 6400 to reduce the value. The minimum illumination is an important indicator to measure the sensitivity of the CCD-based camera. It represents the corresponding environmental illumination when the environmental illumination is reduced to a certain level, so that the video signal level output by the CCD-based camera is reduced to a certain value. For example, when the environmental illumination is reduced to 0.04lx, the output video signal of the CCD-camera is reduced to 50% of the maximum magnitude, then the minimum illumination of the CCD-camera is 0.04x (F1.2), and the minimum illumination of the CCD-camera is related to the maximum relative aperture of the lens used. When providing the minimum illumination of the camera, the relative aperture of the lens during the test should be indicated. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Sunset camera parameters
Here are some of the camera settings for shooting sunsets: ** 1. Exposing Mode ** 1. ** Aperture priority mode (Av or A)** - The aperture can be set between F8 - F16. In this mode, the camera automatically adjusted the shutter speed according to the set aperture, allowing better control of the depth of field and clear images of both near and far scenes. 2. ** Manual mode ** - Setting the parameters manually could allow them to respond to different scenarios more flexibly. ** 2. Light sensitivity (USB)** - Normally, it was set to between 100 - 400. If you wanted a more detailed picture with less noise, you could set it to 100 or lower. A low IQ would ensure the quality of the image in a well-lit sunset scene. ** 3. Metering Mode ** 1. ** Spot Metering ** - He changed the focus mode to center single-point focus and the light measurement mode to spot measurement. Then, he aimed at the clouds around the setting sun. Be careful not to focus on the building or the sun, or the image will be too bright or too dark. 2. ** Focus Average Metering ** - You can also set the measurement mode to focus on average measurement, which takes into account the key areas of the picture and the overall lighting situation. ** 4. Shutter Speed ** - If you use manual mode, the shutter speed can be set to 1/30 second or longer (depending on the shooting needs). ** 5. White Balance ** - You can choose the daylight white balance (or choose the appropriate color temperature value yourself, such as adjusting to the fluorescent light cool white can create a purple-pink romantic atmosphere, making the shooting scene more like the sunset atmosphere). ** 6. Shot ** - According to the shooting needs, you can choose 18 - 24mm or 100 - 400mm lenses. ** 7. Other Equipment and Points for Attention ** 1. ** Tripod ** - It's best to have a tripod to hold the camera, especially when using a slower shutter speed or taking long shots (such as time-lapse photography) to avoid blurring the picture due to camera shake. 2. **ND fade filter (option)** - If there was a ND filter, it could better balance the exposure difference between the sky and the ground. If not, try shooting the scene twice to mix the exposure. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
External parameters of the camera
The external parameters of the camera were parameters in the world coordinate system, mainly referring to the rotation and translation matrix between the camera systems, such as the position and rotation direction of the camera. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>