Relics before the Han Dynasty
Cultural relics from before the Han Dynasty were found in Guanyang City, but the specific types of relics were not mentioned in detail. Read more exciting novels for free
Han Dynasty cultural relics
The cultural relics of the Han Dynasty were rich in content and of great significance. In terms of jade ware, the jade wall of the Han Dynasty was an important type of jade ware culture. It sprouted in the middle of the Neolith Age. After a long period of development, the status of jade became more prominent when the jade culture of the Han Dynasty was highly developed. Jade Bi could be divided into four categories and nine types according to its decorative patterns, and its functions could be divided into three categories and eleven types. Its functions included sacrifice, congratulations, betrothal gifts, gifts, contributions, treasures handed down from generation to generation, decorations, funerals, and so on. The Western Han Dynasty generally inherited the jade system of the Qin Dynasty and the Pre-Qin Dynasty and simplified it. The jade used in the ritual system was mainly Bi and Gui. The Eastern Han Dynasty inherited the system of the Western Han Dynasty. The emperor held the Gui Bi to worship heaven and earth, and used the jade Bi to betroth the queen. Judging from the cultural relics of the tombs, the tombs of the Han Dynasty in Hepu were of great significance. Among them, there were cultural relics such as the national treasure copper phoenix lamp, as well as the jade wall and copper warehouse of the Han Dynasty tomb in Huangnigang. The patterns and patterns on these cultural relics all contained specific meanings. For example, the bronze tripod was related to the social status and power of slaves. From some relics of the Han tombs in Hepu, traces of ancient beliefs such as fish and bird worship could be seen. The taotie pattern on the copper shop head also had its own unique meaning. In terms of daily necessities, the modern household style of the Pisces basin had the same style in the Han Dynasty, such as the copper washing of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the copper washing of the descendants of Jun Yi. There were counting tools like ivory, which appeared as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and was still in use in the Han Dynasty. It was used for more than 2000 years until it was replaced by the abacus in the 15th century. There were also fragments of Baqiao paper from the Western Han Dynasty, indicating that people had already begun to use paper as early as the Western Han Dynasty, about two centuries before Cai Lun made paper. In terms of metal craftsmanship, the Western Han gold monster unearthed in Shenmu County, Shaanxi Province, was made of gold and shaped like a collection of various animals. It was speculated to be the top decoration of the Xiongnu crown, representing the highest level of Xiongnu metal craftsmanship at that time. In addition, the stone carving replica of a horse stepping on a Xiongnu in front of Huo Qubing's tomb in Maoling, Shaanxi Province, is the earliest and best-preserved large-scale tomb stone carving art treasure in China, demonstrating Huo Qubing's military exploits. In terms of food culture, it could be seen from the special exhibition of food culture relics of the Han Dynasty in Xuzhou that the food culture of the Han Dynasty was an important part of Chinese traditional culture. The exhibition displayed four parts of cultural relics, such as pottery wells, pottery pig pen models, livestock models, cooking utensils, tableware, wine utensils, and stone portraits of the Han Dynasty, which reflected the social values, etiquette norms, aesthetic concepts, as well as the craftsmanship and life wisdom of the ancients. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Han costume relics of the Jin Dynasty
At present, there are few cultural relics unearthed related to the Han costume of the Jin Dynasty. The one that has been unearthed is a long-sleeved shirt with a waist collar (M3: 45) unearthed from the No. 1 Han-Jin Tomb (No. 3 Tomb) in Niya, Minfeng, Xinjiang. The time is about the Eastern Han Dynasty. In addition, there was also a jacket unearthed from Tomb 26 of Bijiatan, Huahai, Gansu Province. These unearthed cultural relics were of great significance to the study of the shape of the Han clothing made in Jin Dynasty. For example, from the unearthed cultural relics of Han clothing made in Jin Dynasty, it can be seen that the upper garment in Jin Dynasty was called Ru. The upper garment had the characteristic of waist belt. In addition to the long-sleeved style, there was also a half-arm upper garment. The lower skirt was mostly a tattered skirt, which was made of several pieces of ladder-shaped fabric with the same shape. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Looking at the Happiness of Sichuan People from the Cultural Relics of the Han Dynasty
Judging from the pottery figurines of the Han Dynasty unearthed in Sichuan, Sichuan people had a higher sense of happiness. Xie Zhicheng, deputy director of the Sichuan Museum, once pointed out that the pottery figurines of the Han Dynasty unearthed in Sichuan had almost no negative expressions such as seriousness, anger or frustration, which reflected that the living standards of the people in Sichuan at that time were good, their mental state was good, and their happiness was strong. For example, the male figurine of playing the zither unearthed from the tomb of Pengshanzhaizi Mountain in Sichuan Province of the Eastern Han Dynasty was kneeling and playing the zither happily, while the gray pottery figurine of listening to the zither unearthed from the tomb of Sichuan Province of the Eastern Han Dynasty was kneeling and smiling. There were also the terracotta warriors unearthed from the cliff tomb in Leshan, Sichuan Province in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Although they were warriors, they had a smile on their faces and no sense of majesty. The terracotta warriors unearthed in other areas of the Han Dynasty mostly had dignified expressions, which was in stark contrast to the terracotta warriors unearthed in Sichuan. In addition, Sichuan also unearthed figurines such as flute figurines, sheng figurines, dance figurines, and portrait bricks depicting banquets. These pottery figurines and portrait bricks presented a prosperous scene of singing and dancing, and also reflected the colorful entertainment life of Sichuan people at that time. From the banquet portrait brick, one could see the scene of the seven people participating in the banquet. The participants sat on the ground, and there were people who urged them to drink, discuss current affairs, or gossip about the family. They seemed to be happy and at ease. The rapper figurines were also representative cultural relics of Sichuan in the Han Dynasty. The vertical rapper figurines existing in the Sichuan Museum and the sitting drumming rapper figurines allocated to the National Museum all had very funny facial expressions, reflecting the optimistic, cheerful and tolerant spiritual characteristics of Sichuan people in the Han Dynasty. These all reflected the happiness of Sichuan people at that time. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Are there any relics of the Xia Dynasty?
The cultural relics of the Xia Dynasty did exist. According to historical records and archaeological discoveries, some ancient tombs related to the Xia Dynasty had been discovered. These cultural relics included bronzes, inscriptions, turquoise bronze plates, etc. For example, there were inscriptions related to the Xia Dynasty on bronze wares such as Shuyi Bell, Qin Gong Gui, Sui Gong Wei, Mi Jia Chimes, and so on. In addition, some cultural relics from the Xia Dynasty were found at the Erlitou site in Yanshi, such as bronze plates inlaid with turquoise. The discovery of these cultural relics provided some evidence for the existence of the Xia Dynasty.
The cultural relics of the Song Dynasty
A narrow-sleeved rapier (M1: 174), a wide-sleeved rapier (M1: 175), and a narrow-sleeved rapier (M1: 173) were unearthed from the Song Tomb of Tiegai in Nanling, Anhui Province. Although there was no size data, there was a flat map of it. In addition, there was a piece of jade unearthed from a tomb of the Song Dynasty. The main material was Luo and so on. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Top relics of the Song Dynasty
The following are some of the top relics of the Song Dynasty: 1. [Yaohuanjianzhan]: Plucked by the Japanese and now a national treasure of Japan. According to the history book published in 1511, it was worth more than 700 kilograms of gold. It was made by luck by top craftsmen. 2. ** Jun kiln moon white glaze out of the halberd statue **: A piece of Jun kiln porcelain from the Song Dynasty. There are currently about 10 pieces of works handed down from generation to generation. They are collected in the Palace Museum and listed as the third batch of prohibited cultural relics for exhibition. The statue has a unique shape and is extremely distinctive in various linear applications. It is the leader of porcelain in the past dynasties. 3. ** Snowy Painting of the Fishing Village **: Painted by Wang Shen. Similar to Zhang Zeduan's Along the River During the Qingming Festival, it was also a painting of the Song Dynasty. Exhibitions of cultural relics were prohibited outside the country. It is now stored in the Palace Museum. There is an inscription of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty on it. The technique of showing the first sunny day after the snow was created by the artist. 4. ** Cursive Thousand-Character Calligraphy **: A cursive work handed down by Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty. It is one of the ten famous calligraphy pieces handed down in China and is known as the "peerless calligraphy treasure of the world". 5. ** Gold-edged agate bowl **: Unearthed in 1972 from the tomb of Hu Muwei of the Southern Song Dynasty in Lai 'an County, Anhui Province. It is now in the Palace Museum in Beijing. The bowl is inlaid with gold-edged edges. There is no circle at the bottom of the bowl. It is in the shape of a bowl. A golden bracelet was also unearthed. Both of them are national first-class cultural relics. 6. ** Northern Song Dynasty Ding Kiln Black Glazed Partridge-Spotted Sunflower Plate **: It had a higher transaction price at Sotheby's auction in Hong Kong. The plate was shaped like a six-petal sunflower. The craftsmanship between the mouth and the sunflower petals was elegant and neat. 7. ** Crystal Beads of the Song Dynasty **: A cultural relic in the collection of Shangrao City Museum. There are abacus beads, barrel beads, and girdle shaped beads. The crystal material is clear and flawless, and the surface is polished and delicate. Although the thread of the beads has been changed, it still reflects the craftsmanship of the Song Dynasty. 8. Song Dynasty Longquan Kiln Inkstone: It was picked up by a 17-year-old girl, He Zhaodi, in 1954 when she was weeding in the field. This shape was first discovered and later handed over to become the treasure of the Zhejiang Province Museum. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Excavate Qing Dynasty relics
In China, the following steps should be followed after excavating Qing Dynasty relics: ** 1. Protect the scene ** 1. Stop digging - If cultural relics of the Qing Dynasty were discovered during construction or accidental excavation, excavation, construction, and other activities that might cause damage to the cultural relics should be stopped immediately to avoid further disturbance to the cultural relics and their surrounding environment. 2. mask range - Mark the area where the cultural relics were found and determine the approximate range. This would help archaeologists or the cultural relics protection department to accurately determine the specific environment in which the cultural relics were unearthed, such as whether they were unearthed alone or in a cultural relics gathering area. ** 2. Report to the relevant departments ** 1. Report to the local cultural relics management department - The discoverer should report the discovery of the cultural relic to the local cultural relics management department (such as the local cultural relics bureau) as soon as possible, and inform them in detail of the location where the cultural relic was found, the approximate type of cultural relic (if it can be judged, such as porcelain, metal, etc.), and the basic condition of the discovery. 2. Cooperate with the department - Before the arrival of the cultural relics management department, the discoverer should guard the site (if the situation permits) to ensure the safety of the cultural relics. After the cultural relics management department arrived, they had to actively cooperate with them to carry out follow-up investigations, excavation (if further excavation was needed), and protection work. ** 3. Follow-up treatment ** 1. Archeological excavation (if required) - If the unearthed cultural relics were more complicated, a professional archaeological team might be needed to carry out further excavation. The archaeological excavation needed to follow strict archaeological procedures, such as the use of scientific excavation methods to record in detail the location and relationship of the cultural relics. This was of great significance to the study of the age and cultural background of the cultural relics. 2. Cultural relic protection and research - The excavated or collected cultural relics of the Qing Dynasty would be sent to a special cultural relics protection agency for protection. For some fragile cultural relics, such as fabrics, paintings, and so on, special restoration and protection measures were needed. At the same time, cultural relics researchers would conduct in-depth research on cultural relics, interpret the history, culture, art, society, and other aspects of the Qing Dynasty from the craftsmanship, modeling, inscriptions, and other aspects of the cultural relics. 3. Collection and Exhibition - Some of the cultural relics of the Qing Dynasty that had been protected and studied might be collected in cultural institutions such as the museum for the public to visit and study. The museum would classify and display the cultural relics according to their type and value, showing the historical and cultural features of the Qing Dynasty to the public. It should be noted that it was illegal to excavate, collect, and buy and sell Qing Dynasty cultural relics without permission. The unearthed Qing Dynasty cultural relics must be treated in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Tianlu Relics of the Southern Dynasty
According to the records of the Tianlu cultural relics of the Southern Dynasty, the shapes of the stone beasts in the tombs of the Southern Dynasties were confused since the Tang Dynasty. Some were thought to be evil spirits, while others were thought to be unicorns. The stone carvings of the Han Dynasty tombs in Nanyang had the inscription of Tianlu. It was a tiger-shaped divine beast with three claws. Its forelimbs and shoulders had flying wings, its hind legs had carved wings, and its long tail had curled forks. In the Tianlu bronze mirror of the Eastern Han Dynasty unearthed in Zhejiang, there were two types of tiger-headed beasts (one with a single horn and the other with two horns). Their eyebrows were curved upwards, their fangs were sharp, their necks were long, their legs were four, and their claws were three. They had wings, a long tail, and feather-like scales on their bodies. Different cultural relics had different images of Tianlu. These unearthed cultural relics and tomb stone carvings were important basis for the study of Tianlu cultural relics in the Southern Dynasty. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Watermelon Relics of the Tang Dynasty
There were records of watermelons from the Tang Dynasty, such as the three-colored watermelon in the Shaanxi History Museum. It was round in shape and placed in an open shallow plate. When it was fired, it was seamless. The skin of the melon was painted with green glaze, and there was a vivid melon stalk at the top. There was also the Tang Dynasty·Black Jade Watermelon, which was collected in the Shaanxi History Museum and Luoyang Longmen Museum. In August 1991, the Xi'an police arrested a person who was selling cultural relics. Among the stolen goods was a watermelon model that was identified by scholars to be made with special ceramic craftsmanship of the Tang Dynasty (Tang Sancai). <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Representative cultural relics of the Shang Dynasty
There were many representative cultural relics of the Shang Dynasty. The following are some famous cultural relics: Siyang Fangzun, Simu Wuding, Azhi Fangzun, Oracle Bone, Houmu Wuding, Fuhao Ivory Cup, Shang Dynasty Bronze Mirror, Fuhao Sanlian Cup, Big Jade Ge, Shang Dynasty Jade Deer, Shang Dynasty Moving You, and the cultural relics of the Shang Dynasty unearthed from the Sanxing Dui site.(For example, the square tripod with Dahe human face pattern, etc.), Shang Dynasty·Bronze Wei, Shang Dynasty·Bronze Hand-shaped Artifact, Shang Dynasty·Yachou Iron, Shang Dynasty·Double-faced God Bronze Head, Shang Dynasty·Fierce Tiger Man-eating You, Shang Beast Face Pattern Flat Body Tubular Cup, Shang Beast Face Pattern Bronze Ears, Shang Dynasty "Book-like" Bronze Turtle, as well as the lifting beam You unearthed from Qianzhang Great Ruins, etc. The novel "Gilded Palm" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!