The cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan were plundered in an irregular way
On October 6, 1860, the Anglo-French coalition forces invaded Beijing and broke into Yuanmingyuan. They plundered everything in the garden that could be taken away. Those that could not be carried away were carried away by carts or livestock. Those that could not be carried away were destroyed at will. In order to destroy the evidence, on October 18 and 19, more than 3,000 invaders were ordered to set fire to the garden. In 1900, during the invasion of China by the Eight-Power Allied Forces, they once again plundered and destroyed Yuanmingyuan. For example, the red lacquer box was originally a treasure of Yuanmingyuan. In 1860, it was looted and lost overseas after the "burning of Yuanmingyuan". It is now collected in the China Pavilion of the Palace of Fengtainbailu in France. The bronze statue of the twelve zodiac beasts in Yuanmingyuan was originally part of the fountain outside the Haiyan Hall of Yuanmingyuan. In 1860, when the Anglo-French allied forces invaded China and burned Yuanmingyuan, the bronze statue of the beast head began to be lost overseas. The 40 maps of Yuanmingyuan were looted by the Anglo-French coalition forces in 1860 and presented to the French emperor, Napoleon III. Many cultural relics, such as the National Library of Paris, were looted in an irregular manner. After a rough calculation, there were as many as 1.5 million cultural relics looted from Yuanmingyuan, ranging from bronze ritual vessels of the pre-Qin Dynasty to famous calligraphy and paintings of various dynasties and generations, as well as rare treasures. Read more exciting novels for free
Discovered 100,000 cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan
So far, there were no confirmed discoveries of 100,000 cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan. It was difficult to accurately count the number of cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan. Although some scholars estimated that the number of cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan was about 100,000 by comparing the number of related garden furnishings, it was impossible to determine how many cultural relics were preserved or discovered. Moreover, many cultural relics were lost overseas after the Anglo-French coalition forces burned down Yuanmingyuan and the invasion of the Eight-Power Alliance. The whereabouts of many cultural relics were still unknown. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Ten Precious Cultural Relics of Yuanmingyuan
The ten precious cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan were as follows: 1. The bronze statues of the twelve zodiac beasts in Yuanmingyuan were once part of the fountain outside the Haiyan Hall of Yuanmingyuan. In 1860, the Anglo-French coalition invaded China and burned Yuanmingyuan. As of March 2021, the cow head, monkey head, tiger head, pig head, rat head, rabbit head, and horse head had returned to the motherland, and the remaining five were still missing. 2. [Long-necked gourd vase: A treasure collected by the Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty in the Yuanmingyuan Palace. It is painted with a picture of "Longevity" on a pale yellow ground. It was auctioned at Sotheby's in Hong Kong on October 7, 2010 for 220 million yuan.] 3. Forty Scenes: According to the decree of Emperor Qianlong, 40 sub-scenes were drawn by court painters and Ci ministers around the ninth year of Qianlong (1744). In 1860, they were plundered by the invaders and presented to the French Emperor Napoleon III. They are now in the National Library of Paris, France. 4. The handwritten volume of "Love Ink Flower" is an old collection of Chunhua Pavilion in Yuanmingyuan. The seal and stone canal are completely recorded. On December 2, 2010, the final auction price was 113.7 million yuan at Christie's Auction House in Hong Kong. It is now collected by collectors Liu Yiqian and Wang Wei. 5. Yuanmingyuan Seal: There are few records. In the Diary of the Envoy to Britain, France, Italy and the Four Kingdoms, Xue Fucheng, a diplomat at the end of the dynasty, recorded that in the 16th year of Guangxu (1890), he found two Yuanmingyuan jade seals in the China exhibition room of the Oriental Museum in Paris. 6. The panoramic view of the Old Summer Palace was drawn by the court painters Shen Yuan and Tang Dai of the Qing Dynasty. It was inscribed by Qianlong and was taken away when the Anglo-French coalition forces invaded Beijing in 1860. 7. [Female History Admonition Painting: A painting on silk by Gu Kaizhi, a great painter of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It is a rare treasure of ancient scroll paintings in China. In 1860, it was snatched away from Yuanmingyuan by the Anglo-French coalition forces. The original work has been lost. There are now copies of the Tang Dynasty. There are 12 original pieces, but only 9 pieces are left due to the age. It is colored for the silk copy and is now collected in the British Museum.] 8. Emperor Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty made a double-crane incense burner with inlaid silk. It was an imperial incense burner made for Emperor Yongzheng's birthday. There was a pair in total. It was an exclusive item. It was auctioned by Christie's in Hong Kong in 2010. Hong Kong tycoon Liu Luanxiong bought it for 111 million yuan and collected it. 9. Kangxi Jade Ruyi: Carved from precious white jade. The color is white with a hint of green. It is carved into the shape of a multi-pore fungus. The top of the handle is engraved with the words "Imperial Made". The lower part is engraved with the words "May the world be as you wish for many good years." 10. In 2014, when archaeologists were cleaning up the river at the Great Palace Gate of Yuanmingyuan, they found a gilded bronze elephant head. It was exquisitely shaped and made of exquisite materials, showing the whimsical ideas of the ancients. The novel "Gilded Palm" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
What are the cultural relics lost in Yuanmingyuan?
The Name and Age of the Cultural Relics in Yuanmingyuan
The following are some of the cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan and their ages: - Purple stone screen: It is a cultural relic of the Qing Dynasty. - Gold Bronze Elephant Head: Made in the Qing Dynasty. - The twelve zodiac bronze statues were cultural relics of the Qing Dynasty. - The bronze statue of the horse head was a cultural relic of the Qing Dynasty. - The stone pillar foundation in the Humble Administrator's Garden originally belonged to Yuanmingyuan. Most of the cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan were collected in the Qing Dynasty, so they were speculated to be cultural relics of the Qing Dynasty. In addition, Yuanmingyuan had a large collection of cultural relics at that time. It was estimated that the collection was between 800,000 and 1.2 million pieces. The Qing emperor had collected almost all the most precious cultural relics and classics in Yuanmingyuan, but it was difficult to list the specific names and ages of the cultural relics in detail. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Yuanmingyuan cultural relics literature database
Regarding the construction of the Yuanmingyuan cultural relics database, in 2015, there was a bidding for related projects and the winning supplier was confirmed. The People's Republic of China Charity Foundation donated 8 million yuan to the Beijing Yuanmingyuan Ruins Protection Foundation to support the construction of the "Yuanmingyuan Cultural Relics and Literature Data Base Project". The project included a detailed investigation of the scattered cultural relics and literature information in Yuanmingyuan, providing data basis for the establishment of the database, detailed records of the scattered cultural relics and literature, and classified management of the confirmed cultural relics and literature data. In addition, the "Three Mountains and Five Gardens Scattered Cultural Relics Three-Dimensional Data Base Construction (Phase I)" project also achieved initial results, and relevant exhibition results were held. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
There are three types of cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan. What are they?
There were many types of cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan, including three types: 1. Palace art: Yuanmingyuan is a royal palace of the Qing Dynasty, so palace art is an important part of Yuanmingyuan's collection. These artworks included paintings, sculptures, porcelain, jade, gold, and silver. Among them, the most famous were the Three Wonders of Yuanmingyuan--the Painting of Jinse, the Painting of Yuquan Villa, and the Painting of Lion Forest. 2. Rare cultural relics: There are many rare cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan, including ancient weapons, bronzes, porcelain, jade, clocks and watches. Among them, the most famous were the cultural relics used in each of the Twelve Sceneries of Yuanmingyuan, such as the bronze drum used in the Spring of Wanchun Garden and the bronze crane used in the Garden of Changchun Garden. 3. Historical documents: Yuanmingyuan also collected many historical documents, including books, manuscripts, maps, rubbings, etc. These documents included classics such as the Book of Changes and the Bible, as well as official documents, contracts, and maps from the Qing Dynasty.
Yuanmingyuan lost domestic cultural relics, few people care
This statement was not accurate. The loss of cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan had attracted the attention of many people, both domestically and abroad. Looking at the domestic situation, the government and civil organizations had been actively trying to find and recover the lost cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan. For example, on September 8,2020, the Light Industry Organization Service Center of the State Administration Committee of the People's Republic of China donated Taihu Stone, a cultural relic scattered in the Lion Forest of Yuanmingyuan, to the Yuanmingyuan Management Office. Moreover, during the archaeological process, when experts discovered the gilded copper elephant head from the Yuanmingyuan site, this discovery attracted widespread attention and reports, evoking memories of the history of Yuanmingyuan. In addition, the return of animal heads such as rabbit heads and rat heads also attracted the attention of the Chinese people. Their auction, unsold auctions, and eventual return to the National Museum of China all touched people's hearts. This reflected people's concern for the lost cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan and also reflected the importance of these cultural relics in the hearts of the Chinese people. They were not only precious works of art, but also symbols of the history and culture of the Chinese nation. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Cultural relics
I'm not sure about the specific content of your question about the term "cultural relics museum". If you want to ask about the cultural relics museum, then the cultural relics museum is an important place for education and cultural inheritance. Nowadays, as young people joined the ranks of the museum, there were more innovative exhibition forms. For example, some interesting cultural relics exhibition plans, such as placing bronze swords in the shape of fighter jets, arrowheads in the shape of "Qin", silver coins in the shape of "Yuan", etc., made the cultural relics more concrete. In addition, there were books like the National Treasures of China, which included many top-notch cultural relics, allowing people to understand the full picture of national treasures without leaving their homes. At the same time, there were also many wonderful cultural relics exhibition, such as Beijing Sanxing Dui cultural relics exhibition, Shaanxi History Museum Qin and Han museum exhibition, etc. If that's not your question, please clarify it. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Cultural Relics 4
The "four possessions" of cultural relics referred to the necessary protection scope, marking instructions, establishing records and archives, and setting up special protection and management agencies around the cultural protection unit. In 1961, the State Council approved the publication of the "Temporary Regulations on the Protection and Administration of Cultural Relics" for the first time, and in 1982, the State Council promulgated the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics" for the first time in the form of law. The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics, which was revised in 2017, also pointed out: "The people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities directly under the Central Government, as well as the people's governments of cities and counties, respectively, shall define the necessary scope of protection for cultural relics protection units, make signs and descriptions, establish records and archives, and set up specialized agencies or special personnel to manage them according to the circumstances. The scope of protection and the records of the key cultural relics protected throughout the country shall be reported to the cultural relics administration department of the State Council for the record by the cultural relics administration department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region, or directly under the Central Government. The "Four Haves" archives work of cultural relics protection units is the most critical measure for cultural relics protection units to effectively protect cultural relics and the most important foundation for cultural relics management according to law. The contents of the archives involve all aspects of cultural relics protection. The scientific, complete and detailed "Four Haves" archives can provide complete information for the cultural relics protection unit in the protection, utilization, management and publicity of cultural relics, and can also provide reliable evidence for the restoration of cultural relics accidentally damaged by the cultural relics protection unit. In terms of filing, the national cultural relics protection unit shall file according to the requirements of the National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit Record Archives Work Code and the National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit Record Archives Description. The provincial cultural relics protection unit shall refer to the requirements of the national cultural relics protection unit to file one by one. The municipal and county (district) level cultural relics protection units shall strictly be equivalent to the requirements of the national cultural relics protection unit to file. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
100 cultural relics
The following are some of the names of the cultural relics: 1. Mobile cultural relics (including various categories such as cultural relics in the library, such as important objects, works of art, documents, manuscripts, books, materials, representative objects, etc.) 2. Precious cultural relics (including national first-class cultural relics, second-class cultural relics, third-class cultural relics) 3. general cultural relics 4. Metaphorism (A term used in ancient times to refer to cultural relics. After the Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties expanded its scope, it included paintings, jade, porcelain, miscellaneous items, and other historical relics. It can also be called antiques) 5. antique 6. antique 7. antique 8. Qiong (Jade, mentioned in the poem, Wei Feng, Papaya, can refer to jade products of cultural relics) 9. Lin (Green jade, can be used as a name for jade cultural relics) 10. Ball (Jade, recorded in ancient books, can refer to related cultural relics) 11. Yu (Jade, can be used to describe jade cultural relics) 12. Ring (A circular jade artifact that can be used as a name for this kind of cultural relic) However, it was difficult to list 100 names of cultural relics. At present, only some of the common names above could be provided. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>