The Western Han Dynasty's persimmon stem jade ware
In the Western Han Dynasty, there were persimmon patterns on the jade ware. For example, the persimmon pattern jade box unearthed from the No. 1 Han Tomb of Beishantou in Chaohu City (the tomb of Liu An's mother, King Huainan of the Western Han Dynasty) was white jade with yellow-brown stains. It was 4.2 cm high, 11.1 cm in diameter, and 0.4 cm in thickness. It had a straight wall and a flat bottom. The shape of the lid was exactly the same as the body. The mouth of the vessel is inlaid with a copper buckle, so that the mouth is in the shape of a mother and son mouth. The center of the cover is decorated with persimmon pattern, and the side of the cover is decorated with hook cloud pattern. The tomb of Marquis Haiying also unearthed a jade sword head with persimmon pattern. The pattern of persimmon calyx was often found on the head of the jade sword in the Han Dynasty. This pattern was similar to the bottom of the persimmon, usually with four or five petals. It was actually a kind of "square pattern" and had a certain cultural meaning, such as symbolizing the firmness of the family, the aristocratic tribe, the country, the prosperity of the population, the inheritance of auspicious signs, etc. Read more exciting novels for free
In the jade ware of the Han Dynasty
Please clarify the question. For example," What are the characteristics of the decorative patterns on the jade articles of the Han Dynasty?" Or," What is the origin of the jade materials in the jade ware of the Han Dynasty?" Wait, so that I can answer accurately. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Jade ware of Han Dynasty, green jade
The green jade of the Han Dynasty had the following characteristics and meanings: ** 1. Material Characteristics ** 1. ** Elements and causes ** - The material composition of sapphire was the same or similar to that of white jade. The cause of formation was the same as that of white jade. They were both formed by contact metamorphosis, but only because they contained trace elements of iron. 2. ** Color expression ** - The ancients said that the color of sapphire was shrimp green, snot green, willow green, bamboo green and so on. - According to "Ge Gu Lun," the green jade in ancient jade is light green and yellow. ** 2. Physical Attributes ** - It was usually larger, more delicate, warm, and oily. - A portion of the green jade had a very good toughness due to its dense interwoven structure. It was an important raw material for making thin-body utensils. - Among the Hetian jade, green jade was the hardest and was also known as steel jade. ** 3. The embodiment and significance of the jade ware in the Han Dynasty ** 1. ** In terms of ritual vessels ** - "Zhou Li, Spring and Autumn, Da Zong Bo" records: "Jade is used to make six objects, and it is used to worship the four directions of heaven and earth. He used the green jade to salute the sky, the yellow Cong to salute the earth, the green Gui to salute the east, the red Zhang to salute the south, the white Hu to salute the west, and the black Huang to salute the north." Gui was a kind of rectangular jade ware with a triangular or flat top. It was used in ancient times to worship the gods of the position and also to distinguish the status level (as recorded in the historical records,"Wang Zhi Zhen Gui, one foot two inches, Gong Zhi Heng Gui, nine inches." Hou holds the letter Gui, seven inches long. "Five inches"). During the Warring States Period, other than being used as a ritual vessel, the Gui also had the function of recording the alliance oaths of the vassals in order to cooperate with each other and protect their forces. 2. ** Relating to the imperial power ** - Although white jade was valued after the Han Dynasty, green jade was important in the Han Dynasty and before that. Many exquisite artifacts in ancient times were made of green jade, especially the jade seal that represented the imperial power. Therefore, green jade was also called the "Imperial Jade". Sapphire products of the Han Dynasty include holding pigs and so on. Not only were there a large number of green jade products in Liangzhu culture, but also the green jade of Hetian jade was widely used in the jade articles unearthed from Fuhao Tomb in Yin Ruins. 3. ** In terms of cultural implications ** - The Han Dynasty jade feather cup (double-ear cup) had a delicate and warm jade quality, a deep and pure jade color, presenting a strong overall aura, with the meaning of eternal foundation. ** 4. Instance ** - There was a Han Dynasty Sapphire Pig, 10.4 cm long and 2.5 cm wide, which was collected in Lianyungang City Museum. There was also the Han Dynasty style blue jade sword with a scabbard with dragon and phoenix patterns. It was made of Hetian blue jade and had a green and yellow color. It was 65cm long and 8.5 cm wide. It weighed 1434 grams and was composed of two parts, the sword body and the scabbard. The hilt, the sword frame, and other parts had exquisite carvings. This kind of jade sword was even rarer than the bronze sword. At that time, it should be a high-grade, non-practical, ceremonial or sacrificial place. It was used as a medium to show the level and communicate with the gods through jade. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The ritual jade ware of the Western Zhou Dynasty
The Western Zhou Dynasty implemented the enfeoffment system and the patriarch system, and the hierarchy was strict. This had a great impact on the jade system of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The ritual jade of the Western Zhou Dynasty had clear rules on the use of grades. Gui was an important ritual vessel in the Western Zhou Dynasty. It was flat and rectangular, with an equinoceros triangle at the top. It was well-made and generally had no decorative patterns. Cong was shaped as a square pillar of different heights. The central hole was larger, and the corners were straight and strong. Most of the surfaces were smooth and without patterns. Very few were carved with bird patterns or other patterns on the four surfaces of the square body. In the early days, there were many plain jade, with irregular edges and cutting marks and damages. The surface of the jade was thick inside and thin outside, with deep straight cuts, and the middle hole was single-sided drilled. In the later period, there were dragon patterns, phoenix patterns, cloud patterns and other decorations carved by negative lines on the surface of the jade. Huang was in the shape of a half-wall or a fan, with holes on both ends. In addition to the plain ones, there were usually dragon patterns and phoenix patterns carved with shallow Yin lines, and there were also those directly shaped like animals, which were more vivid and unique. These jades played an important role in the etiquette system of the Western Zhou Dynasty. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The characteristics of Han jade ware
How high is the collection value of the Han Dynasty jade ware?
Jade articles from the Han Dynasty were very valuable. From the perspective of historical and cultural value, the Han Dynasty was a very important period. The ancient jade of the Han Dynasty reflected the social style, economic situation, cultural characteristics, etc. It was the key reference material for studying the history and culture of the Han Dynasty. It was also an indispensable part of traditional culture, representing the essence of ancient culture and traditional aesthetic concepts. In terms of artistic value, the jade ware of the Han Dynasty was exquisite, exquisite, rich and varied in patterns, exquisite and lifelike in design, craftsmanship, and decoration. It was regarded as a treasure of ancient art. In terms of collection value, due to the scarcity of the market, the number of ancient jade in the Han Dynasty was limited and the number of circulating jade was decreasing. Its price in the collection market gradually rose, becoming the target of many collectors. Judging from the past auctions, most of the ancient jade of the Han Dynasty was sold for more than one million yuan. For example, the ceremonial jade was sold for more than seven million yuan. Moreover, the ancient jade of the Han Dynasty also had a certain value preservation and appreciation potential. At the same time, the ancient jade of the Han Dynasty was widely used as amulets and pendants among the people, reflecting people's yearning and pursuit for a better life. It had folk significance, which also increased its collection value to a certain extent. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Jade ware of Hongshan in western Liaoning
The jade culture of the Hongshan culture was the embodiment of the collective wisdom of the ancestors of the Hongshan culture. It was reflected in the privilege of the primitive tribal leaders to respect jade. Hongshan jade was the original code of the hieroglyph of the Chinese civilization, which was the systematic primitive hieroglyph. Its shape, use position, and arrangement created the basic hieroglyph original code of the hieroglyph. It interacted with the writing elements in the prehistoric culture of China, and finally created Chinese hieroglyph such as oracle bone inscriptions, gold inscriptions, and stone inscriptions during the Xia and Shang Dynasties. The Shang royal family was the descendant of the Hongshan culture. The types of burial jade found in the Niuheliang site group include nephrite (Xiuyan jade) and jadeite (Siberian jade). Jade articles of the Hongshan culture had their own characteristics. For example, although they were hard and could be made into labor tools such as jade sickles and combat weapons such as jade knives and jade axes, they could also be eroded by soil, bitten by insects, and fossilized in acidic soil. The animal type of Hongshan jade ware had insect bite marks in the shape of a semi-circular curve with some spirals. Calcification was caused by the serious oxidization of the ancient jade, which might be related to the buried soil. Natural weathering was a change in both the inside and outside, which was different from artificial forgery. During the Hongshan culture period, the production of jade seemed to follow the principle of using local materials to make jade. It was based on the shape of the material itself to decide what was suitable for making, rather than randomly making it. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Jade ware of Tubo Dynasty
During the Tubo Dynasty, the tributes from the Xizang region and the rewards from the central government (such as the central government of the Yuan Dynasty) included a large number of jade. In the Yuan Dynasty Xizang was closely connected with the central government. Among the gifts were Buddha statues, porcelain, silk and a large number of jade articles. In the Yuan Dynasty, the concept of "gold is valuable and jade is priceless" prevailed. Jade culture was highly respected and recognized by all aspects of society. The jade making institutions and jade grinding workshops in the inner court were unprecedentedly large, and the official jade craftsmanship industry was particularly developed. However, due to the short history of the Yuan Dynasty and the early integration of Tibet into China, the political relationship between the central government of the Yuan Dynasty and Xizang was far more prominent than the economic and cultural relationship. The number of jade articles collected by the Tibetan museum of the Xizang region was limited and the shape of the articles was single. However, it could be seen that the interaction between the Tubo Dynasty and the Central Dynasty involved exchanges related to jade. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Western Zhou jade ware Kui pattern
The decorative patterns of Western Zhou jade ware were often expressed by concise and strong line carvings, and the Kui pattern of Yin line or double hook Yin line was its representative pattern. Kui, according to ancient legends, was a strange animal that had one foot like a dragon. The Kui pattern on jade was first seen in the Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties, and the Kui pattern occupied an important position in the jade carving craftsmanship from the Shang, Zhou and even today. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Kui pattern could appear on jade objects such as the Kui pattern handle jade knife. The Kui pattern handle jade knife was light white in color, flat and long, thin blade and thick back, sharp tip, Kui shaped handle, and a round hole on the upper end of the tail. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The amazing Ming Dynasty jade ware
There were many amazing things about Ming Dynasty jade. From the perspective of craftsmanship, the jade articles of the Ming Dynasty inherited the artistic/craft characteristics of the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The shape was rough and mostly used daily life as the theme. The carcass was thicker, and the carving was widely used. There was a two-layer flower carving process (commonly known as "flower engraving"). The decorative lines were strong and sharp, angular, and unrestrained. It was also influenced by literati painting, with poems, calligraphy, paintings, seals, and many other art forms appearing. With Lu Zigang as the representative figure, and with auspicious homonyms as the theme, it became popular. Finally, it formed a new trend that integrated appreciation, decoration, and practicality. In terms of the use of jade materials, the jade materials used to make precious jade articles in the Ming Dynasty mostly used Hetian jade. The court and nobles mostly used high-quality jade from Hetian and other places to make jade articles. For example, the jade articles unearthed from Ming tombs such as Beijing Dingling, Shandong Ming Lu King Tomb, Nanjing Wang Xingzu Tomb were mostly made of Hetian jade materials. Although the territory of the Western Regions was not under the control of the Ming Dynasty, and the source of jade materials was blocked, the private jade trafficking phenomenon was serious, making the jade in the hands of some private people better than the palace jade. Jade articles from different periods of the Ming Dynasty also had their own characteristics. The style of the early Ming Dynasty was inherited from the Yuan Dynasty. The workmanship was rigorous and exquisite. The jade material had a strong luster. The grinding was vigorous and the grinding was exquisite. However, strictly speaking, it had not formed its own style in the early days. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the trend was simple, and jade articles with literati colors appeared. The processing and distribution were mostly concentrated in the southeast region, and the jade pieces were small and exquisite. In the early period of the late Ming Dynasty, due to social stability and economic prosperity, the production of jade articles increased. Representative jade articles, such as the many jade articles unearthed from Dingling Mausoleum, were colorful and colorful. However, in the later period, with the trend of commoditization, there were heavy tires, rigid shapes, sloppy workmanship, and cumbersome decorations. However, auspicious homophonic theme was very popular. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
65 kinds of Qing Dynasty jade ware
The following are some of the jade artifacts collected in the Qing Palace: 1. Sapphire Three Goose Pen Stand. 2. Green white jade three sheep Kaitai pen holder. 3. Crystal Celestial Rooster, Clear. 4. Green Jade Heavenly Chicken Zun, Qing. 5. Five pieces of blue and white jade pen holder. 6. Green jade washed the lotus leaf with lotus water insects. 7. a sapphire leaf style brush holder. 8. agate peaches shaped like little water governors. 9. Jade lying on the beast-shaped inkstone, bright, is the old collection of the Qing Palace. 10. Jade dragon pattern pen, bright, is the old collection of the Qing Palace. 11. Jade nine Chi Bi, bright, is the old collection of the Qing Palace. 12. Jade grain pattern Gui, Ming Dynasty, is the old collection of Qing Palace. 13. Jade set Pei, late Ming Dynasty, Qing Palace old collection. 14. Jade figure dragon pattern chime, Ming Dynasty middle period, Qing Palace old collection. 15. Jade double dragon pattern arm rest, Yuan Dynasty. 16. Jade carved double lion, Yuan Dynasty, is the old collection of the Qing Palace. 17. White jade dragon button, Yuan Dynasty. 18. Jade sea east green peck goose decoration, gold, Qing Palace old collection. 19. Sapphire double crane pendant, Song Dynasty, Qing Palace old collection. 20. The top of the furnace with jade lotus and egret patterns was collected by the Qing Palace in the Song Dynasty or the Jin Dynasty. 21. Yusong Yin Tingquan Tu Shanzi, Song Dynasty, Qing Palace old collection. 22. Jade raised lotus child, Song Dynasty, Qing Palace old collection. 23. Jade peacock with flower ornaments, Song Dynasty, Qing Palace old collection. 24. Jade fish lotus pendant, Song Dynasty, Qing Palace old collection. 25. Drinking Hu people pattern belt board, Tang Dynasty. 26. Jade flower and bird pattern comb, Tang Dynasty. 27. Jade flower pattern comb back, Tang Dynasty. 28. Jade lion, Tang Dynasty, Qing Palace old collection. 29. Sapphire Wansong Mountain room map mountain son, in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, is the old collection of the Qing Palace. 30. An ink bed imitated with mottled bamboo and colorful flower and bird patterns, collected in the Qing Dynasty Qianlong, and collected in the Qing Palace. 31. Jasper antique cup, Qing Qianlong. 32. Tong shade beautiful woman Yushan, Qing Emperor Qianlong. 33. Dayu controlled the flood and painted Yushan. Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty. 34. Topaz Sanyang Kaitai double-cap bottle, Qing Qianlong, Qing Palace old collection. 35. Hetian white jade inlaid with gold inlaid gem bowl, Qing Qianlong, Qing Palace old collection. 36. Sapphire bamboo cup, Ming Dynasty, is an old collection of Qing Palace. 37. Jade eight immortals pattern holding pot, Ming Dynasty, is an old collection of Qing Palace. 38. Jade animal face pattern bottle, height 22.8cm, caliber 10.8× 8cm, foot diameter 12.3×8.9cm, high-quality greenish white jade from Xinjiang. 39. The top of the stove carved with mountain forest characters is a work of Liao or Jin Dynasty. 40. 17th-18th century white jade plum blossom box. 41. Qing Emperor Qianlong jade two immortals holding Ruitu cup. 42. Qing Qianlong jade Qing Shengzu Mi book. 43. The white jade three-star painting of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty was inserted on the screen. 44. 18th century Indian sapphire candlestick. 45. a bracelet of eighteen children of clear green. 46. White Jade Buddha. 47. Qing Qianlong green jade cross dragon button,"Taishang Emperor's treasure". 48. Pure jade feather tube. 49. Pure jade gold lining Xi word ring. 50. Pure white jade twin cats. 51. clear green jade white jade backgammon chess pieces. 52. Clear jade bowl. 53. a pure white jade pot with a hook and cloud pattern. 54. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, there was a special chime with a golden cloud and dragon pattern painted on sapphire. 55. Qing Emperor Qianlong's "Qianlong Imperial Inscription Sapphire Picking Jade Painting Mountain" decoration. 56. White Jade Chiyou Ring. Since the information provided did not list exactly 65 kinds of Qing Palace jade articles, they could only provide these known Qing Palace jade articles. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>