The Scarlet Letter was a famous novel widely regarded as a work of social criticism. The following is a basic summary of the critical significance of the novel: Criticizing human nature: The Scarlet Letter reveals the dark side and evil nature of human nature through the description of the protagonist. The protagonist Holmes was portrayed in the novel as an extremely intelligent, cold, selfish and evil person. This image allows the reader to reflect on the complexity and contradiction of human nature and the nature of human existence. 2. Criticizing power and order: Sherlock Holmes, the protagonist of The Scarlet Letter, was portrayed as a man of great wisdom and power. However, he chose to use violence to protect his power and interests. This contradictory behavior reflected the contradiction between power and order in human society. The social order in the novel was described as a system based on violence and coercion, which prevented people from freely expressing their thoughts and opinions and enjoying equal rights. 3. Criticizing knowledge and faith: Sherlock Holmes, the protagonist of The Scarlet Letter, was portrayed as a man lacking faith and morality. He eventually chose to solve the problem by cheating and breaking the law, which reflected his lack of knowledge and faith. Holmes is portrayed as a man lacking morals and faith, which allows readers to reflect on the importance of knowledge and faith and their influence on human behavior. To sum up, the critical significance of The Scarlet Letter lies in that it reveals the dark side of human nature and the nature of evil. It critiqued power and order, criticized knowledge and belief, and reflected on the nature of human existence. These criticisms and reflections enable readers to have a deeper understanding of human nature and human society, so as to better face and solve the problems existing in human society.