The main differences between Eastern and Western literature can be summarized as follows: 1. The difference between cultural background and historical background: Western literature originated from ancient Greek and Roman culture while Eastern literature originated from ancient Chinese culture. These different cultural and historical backgrounds had a profound impact on the creation, understanding and acceptance of literary works. 2. The differences in literary forms and techniques of expression: Western literature mainly uses narration, description, and discussion to emphasize the expression of emotion and logic, while Eastern literature mainly uses lyricism, description, and discussion to emphasize the expression of perception and artistic conception. In terms of expression, Western literature emphasized details and description, focusing on plot and character creation, while Eastern literature emphasized artistic conception and symbolism, focusing on overall and theme expression. 3. The differences in literary theme and content: Western literature often involved personal feelings, social systems, political issues, etc., while Eastern literature was more concerned with traditional culture, philosophy, history, myths, etc. In addition, Western literature mainly focuses on human life, behavior, and thoughts, while Eastern literature focuses more on nature and the universe. 4. Different literary schools and styles: Western literature has gone through different schools and styles such as ancient Greek and Roman classical literature, Renaissance literature, Baroque literature, Romanticism literature, realism literature, etc., forming different literary styles and characteristics; Eastern literature has also gone through different literary schools and styles such as ancient literature, medieval literature, modern literature, etc., forming different literary styles and characteristics. In summary, the differences between Eastern and Western literature were reflected in many aspects such as culture, form, expression, theme and content, literary genre and style. These differences reflected the characteristics and values of different cultures and provided different foundations and backgrounds for the development and exchange of literature.