The profound meaning of Lu Xun's novel Brothers can be interpreted from many angles. In the novel, Lu Xun emphasized the selfishness and ruthlessness of human nature by describing the feelings between the protagonists and brothers. In the process of the younger brother murdering the older brother for his own benefit, Lu Xun portrayed the dark side of human nature and revealed the darkness and injustice of society. At the same time, Lu Xun also emphasized the kindness and justice in human nature. Even in a dark environment, there is still hope and light. The last part of the novel, where he examined the dead body, expressed Lu Xun's deep thoughts on human nature. In the process of examining the corpse, Lu Xun saw the pain and struggle on the corpse and deeply felt the fragility and preciousness of life. This plot showed Lu Xun's deep understanding of life and death, and also expressed his pessimistic and optimistic attitude towards human nature. Lu Xun's novel, Brothers, profoundly revealed the darkness and beauty of human nature, and showed his thoughts and feelings about life and death. It was a classic work of modern Chinese literature.