There were several theories about novels in the Ming Dynasty: 1. The novel is the "general collection of literature": Wen Zhengming, a writer of the Ming Dynasty, believed that the novel was a comprehensive form of literature. Together with poetry and prose, it constituted the three pillars of the Ming Dynasty literature. 2. The novel is "the story spread": Xu Wei, a writer of the Ming Dynasty, believed that the novel was an art form centered on the story. The story was the soul of the novel and an important means to express social life. 3. The novel is the "expression of social customs": Feng Menglong, a writer of the Ming Dynasty, believed that the novel was an art form that reflected social life by depicting the characters and narrating the story. It could reveal social customs and people's thoughts and feelings. 4. The novel is "entertainment": Xu Zhonglin, a writer of the Ming Dynasty, believed that the novel was an art form for people to entertain themselves, a way of adjustment and entertainment in people's lives. 5. The novel is a "small path of literature": Yan Song, a writer of the Ming Dynasty, believed that the novel was a kind of small path. Although its literary value was not high, as a form of literature, it also had a certain role and significance. These theories had a profound impact on the development of novels in the Ming Dynasty and also provided important reference for the study of novel theory in later generations.
The French playwrights, Diderot, put forward many theoretical views on drama. The following are some of them: Drama is an expression of class struggle: Diderot believed that drama as a form of literature could reflect the situation of social class struggle and educate and inspire the audience through performance. 2. Play should be educational: Diderot believed that play should be educational. Through storylines, character creation, and stage performances, it should convey moral, ethical, and political knowledge to the audience. 3. Play should be enjoyable: Diderot believed that play should be enjoyable for the audience to enjoy the story and the performance of the characters. Drama should be universal: Diderot believed that drama should be universal, able to provide understanding and enlightenment for all across language and cultural differences. 5. The script should be written according to structural norms: Diderot believed that the script should be written according to structural norms, including the time order, story plot, and character development to ensure the fluency and continuity of the performance. Actors should have acting skills and acting skills: Diderot believed that actors should have acting skills and acting skills to convey the thoughts and emotions of the characters through their own performances so that the audience could better understand the characters and the plot. These are some of the main theories of the French drama theorist, Diderot, who believed that drama was an important form of literature that could convey social knowledge and human emotions through performance and education.
The theoretical development of novels in the late Qing Dynasty mainly included the following aspects: 1. Realism tendency: The novels in the late Qing Dynasty gradually tended to be realistic in their creation. The content of describing the social reality was richer and more detailed. The description of the real world reflected the true face of the society at that time. 2. Shaping the characters: The characters in the novels of the late Qing Dynasty were more vivid, the descriptions of their personalities were more detailed, and the psychological and emotional performance of the characters was more in-depth and more authentic. 3. Plot narration: The plot narration of the novels in the late Qing Dynasty is more complicated, the plot structure is more rigorous, and the story development is more rhythmic, which is more in line with the readers 'reading interest. 4. Creation of literary forms: The novels of the late Qing Dynasty also had new developments and innovation in literary forms, such as the emergence of some new literary styles and writing techniques, such as novel collections, long novels, long chapter novels, etc. 5. Discussion of the theme: The discussion of the theme of the novels in the late Qing Dynasty involved all aspects of the society at that time, such as politics, economy, culture, morality, etc. It reflected the reality of the society at that time and people's thoughts.
There were many novels in the Ming Dynasty, among which the more famous ones were Dream of the Red Chamber, Scholars, and Flowers in the Mirror.
The novels before the Ming Dynasty referred to the ancient Chinese novels, which mainly covered the Pre-Qin period, Han Dynasty, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, and other periods. These novels were numerous and rich in content, some of which were considered classics in the history of Chinese literature, such as The Analects of Confucius, Records of the Historian, Water Margins, Journey to the West, Dream of the Red Chamber, etc. The most representative works of ancient Chinese novels were the Book of Songs, the Spring and Autumn Annals, the Book of History, the Book of Rites, the Book of Changes, the Analects of Confucius, the Mencius, the Great Learning, and the Doctrine of the Meanings. These works not only reflected the fundamentals of society, politics, culture, etc., but also contained profound philosophical thoughts and life philosophy, which had a profound impact on the inheritance and development of Chinese culture.
The four great novels of the Ming Dynasty (also known as the four great books) referred to Dream of the Red Chamber, Journey to the West, Water Margins, and Romance of the Three Kingdoms. These four novels were all representative works of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and were hailed as the pinnacle of ancient Chinese novels. Among them, Dream of the Red Chamber was hailed as a treasure in the treasure house of world literature. These four novels all had high literary value and historical value, and were widely circulated and studied.
As someone who loves reading novels, I don't have real-time data on the number of novel visits. However, according to what I know," The Prodigal of the Ming Dynasty " is a very popular online novel. Its views have reached about 200 million for a period of time. However, the exact number of visitors could change over time. More specific information was needed to determine it.
There were three famous novels in the Ming Dynasty: Dream of the Red Chamber, Journey to the West, and Water Margins. " Dream of the Red Chamber " was a literary classic that depicted the love story of Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu, and others in the Qing Dynasty. Journey to the West was the story of Sun Wukong and the others helping Tang Sanzang to go to the West to obtain scriptures in the Ming Dynasty. It was known as the pinnacle of ancient Chinese novels. The Water Margins was a famous wuxia novel in the Ming Dynasty, which described the uprising of 108 Liangshan heroes.
The four famous novels of the Ming Dynasty were Journey to the West, Water Margins, Dream of the Red Chamber, and Romance of the Three Kingdoms. These four works were very popular during the Ming Dynasty and were regarded as classics in the history of Chinese literature. They were not only popular at the time but are still widely read and studied today.
Ming Dynasty novels had many new features in narration. 1. The character image is more abundant: The novels of the Ming Dynasty are more colorful in shaping the character image, and the description of the character's personality is more detailed and three-dimensional. In the novel, the characters were no longer a single, flat image, but complex, multi-dimensional and dynamic. 2. The plots are more complex and diverse: the plot design of Ming Dynasty novels is more complicated and diverse, often involving social reality, historical events, human nature exploration and other aspects of content. The plot fluctuates greatly, the rhythm is compact, and it is full of drama and tension. 3. More mature use of language: Ming Dynasty novels are more mature in the use of language, more powerful in expression, more delicate in description, more expressive in language style, and more colorful. 4. More in-depth discussion of the theme: The novels of the Ming Dynasty have a deeper discussion of the theme of social reality, human nature, morality and other issues, which has a more profound impact on the readers. 5. More diverse narrative methods: The narrative methods of the novels of the Ming Dynasty are also more diverse. There are traditional narrations of the opposition between good and evil, online narrations, psychological descriptions, and other more flexible narrative methods, providing readers with more reading choices and imagination.
There were many schools of thought in the Ming Dynasty. The Eight Great Schools of the Tang and Song Dynasties: Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Liu Yuxi, Bai Juyi, Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Luo Binwang, etc. This faction advocated returning to the Tang and Song Dynasties to restore the glory of ancient literature as the goal. 2. Ancient prose movement: representative figures include Song Yu, Qu Yuan, Sima Qian, etc. This faction advocated the pursuit of language norms, refinement and nature as the goal. 3. Archaic School: Representative figures include Xu Wei, Wen Zhengming, Qiu Ying, etc. This faction advocated imitating the style and characteristics of ancient literature and pursuing the elegance and exquisiteness of the artistic form. 4. The School of Fictional Critiques: Representative figures include Li Shizhong, Huang Zhongzhao, etc. This school mainly studied novels and commented on and analyzed the narrative techniques, characters, plot structure, and other aspects of the novel. 5. Ci and Qu School: Representative figures include Xin Qiji, Lu You, etc. This faction mainly studied the music, rhythm, and expression of the lyrics. The above are some of the main factions and representative figures in the Ming Dynasty. Their literary ideas and creative styles have their own characteristics, which provided important reference and enlightenment for later literary creation.