The meaning of carvingCarving had the following meanings:
1. It's still carving. For example, carving on some objects, such as carving flowers and birds on the flesh of lemon seeds. It could also be used to describe situations such as carving a window pane. It could also refer to making carvings.
2. It is a metaphor for deliberately modifying words, such as searching for strange things and carving words when writing poems and essays.
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Jade CarvingThere were many forms of jade carvings. From the material point of view, there are ice jade, natural Xiuyan jade, Qinghai green material and so on. Among them, the ice jade box was made of high-quality jade. It was crystal clear and translucent. Although it was not big, it was small and exquisite. The design implied happiness and good fortune. The top half was skillfully colored, and the emerald green gradual change was carved into winding vines. There was a pair of quails on the vines, and there was a goldfish inside the box. They symbolized good luck, living and working in peace, having more than enough money every year, and being filled with gold and jade. Furthermore, the hollowed-out carving details were meticulous, carving a lifelike shape on a small jade material.
The jade carvings made of green jade from Qinghai were like small praying mantises made of green jade. The jade was soft and delicate, bright and moist, well-proportioned, clean and refreshing. The overall perfection was high. After the new national standard of Hetian jade added the color of green jade, Qinghai green jade became the new favorite of players. Its green color fullness was balanced with the brightness of white jade, and it was a good material for beautiful carving.
In terms of meaning, goldfish were homonyms for "gold and jade", so jade carvings with goldfish elements were often given the meaning of "gold and jade". There were also a variety of jade carvings related products on the market, with different prices, such as imitation purple mica-carved round pendant, natural Xiuyan jade stone, creative office decoration, goldfish jade pendant, etc.
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Bamboo CarvingBamboo carving was an art of carving decorative patterns and words on bamboo objects. It originated in ancient China, especially in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, Jiading bamboo carving became the representative of bamboo carving art. Jiading bamboo carvings were mainly in the form of deep embossed and openwork, known as the "profound technique". The characteristic of Jiading bamboo carving was to integrate calligraphy and painting into bamboo carving to create a unique artistic style. Jiading bamboo carving was included in the national intangible cultural heritage protection list. Bamboo carvings mainly used bamboo from the south, but some also used Xiangfei bamboo, black bamboo, etc. Bamboo carving involved many aspects, including material selection, material processing, tool manufacturing, design theme, technique, and so on. Bamboo carvings were usually carved with palace, human figures, mountains, rivers, flowers, and birds. Zhou Hao, the master of Jiading bamboo carving, continued the tradition of Jiading literati participating in bamboo carving creation. His works were collected in Shanghai Museum and other places. Jiading bamboo carving was a unique art form in the history of China arts and crafts, and it was also the precious artistic wealth of the Han nationality.
Jade carving designThere were many key points in the design of jade carvings.
First of all, Yin carving was a carving technique that formed a depression on the surface of the carving material, so that the words or patterns were lower than the surface of the material. During the design process, due to the " irreversible " nature of the Yin carving, it could not be repeatedly carved, and the knife could not be broken. It had to be done in one go, so the jade carving master had to make a good draft before creating it and make a clever layout. This required a full understanding of the structure of the picture. For example, the strength of the knife must be uniform, and the layout relationship between each word or pattern element must be taken into account to make the overall density appropriate, full of beauty and rhythm.
Secondly, the intaglio-carving work paid attention to the knife technique and the brush style, so the jade carving master needed to have a deep foundation in calligraphy and painting, especially calligraphy and line drawing skills. He had to have a picture in his heart and follow the shape. This meant that when designing the jade carving, the jade carving master had to design the picture according to the shape, texture, and other natural characteristics of the jade. For example, the curve of the line was designed according to the curvature of the jade, so that the line and the shape of the jade complemented each other.
Furthermore, Yin carving had a high requirement for jade materials. Only jade materials with a delicate structure, smooth shape, no cracks, and good toughness were suitable for Yin carving. Therefore, during the design, the jade carving master needed to fully consider the texture, color, clarity, and other factors of the jade material, and use the characteristics of the jade material itself to highlight the effect of the Yin carving. For example, using the change of the color of the jade material to design the level of the pattern, the Yin carving part and the original state of the jade material could complement each other and enhance the artistic value of the work.
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Jade carving birdBirds were a common carving element in jade carvings. Different kinds of birds had different meanings and cultural meanings.
Magpies had many meanings in jade carvings. When they were together with plum blossoms, they meant happiness. When they were together with lotus flowers, they meant happiness. When they were alone, they meant happiness came from the sky. When two magpies were together, they meant double happiness. When they were together with a leopard, they meant good news.
In ancient Chinese mythology, phoenixes were auspicious animals that could bring auspicious signs. They were also symbols of identity and status. Dragon and phoenix patterns were commonly seen on the utensils of emperors and empresses of various dynasties. Phoenix birds of different dynasties had different characteristics and meanings, and their patterns and patterns were constantly changing. As early as 7000 years ago, there were phoenix patterns in the Hemudu culture. Phoenix patterns were also printed on the artifacts unearthed from the Hongshan culture, Longshan culture, and Shijiahe culture sites or tombs.
Although the Hongshan culture's jade owl was different from the phoenix in terms of appearance and meaning, it was also a spiritual object that was loved by the people at that time. The carving method was relatively simple. Generally, the general shape was carved directly and the feathers and patterns of the bird were added. The middle of the bird was pierced for hanging. Birds were worshipped as gods in the Longshan culture, but there were very few jade carvings in the shape of birds. Most of the jade carvings found so far were rough and nearly destroyed. Only the bird pattern Gui was more exquisite and was now stored in the Palace Museum in Taiwan. During this period, the bird patterns were mostly in the posture of flying upwards and spreading their wings. There were a lot of bird patterns in Liangzhu culture, including not only bird patterns, but also composite images of gods and beasts, and simplified god patterns. Bird patterns were exaggerated, and there were also round jade birds with wings spread out and flying upward. However, the overall workmanship was rough and the materials used were not superior. In the late Western Zhou Dynasty, eagle-shaped cultural relics made of jade were unearthed on Pingding Mountain. There was also a white jade line eagle unearthed in October 1986. They were all in the posture of spreading their wings and flying high. The white jade line eagle had brown spots on its head and body, and small holes in its mouth. Its appearance was vivid and reflected the culture of that time.
On the basis of absorbing the realism of ancient flowers and birds, there were new changes in the composition and details of the jade carvings. On the basis of maintaining the integrity of the jade materials, techniques such as round carving, openwork, and embossed were used to break through the shortcomings of the traditional flowers and birds, which were simple in shape and single in technique. The layout paid attention to the overall shape and contrast, making the works more interesting and vivid. The commonly used bird theme included magpies, phoenixes, cranes, etc.
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