On-line chemical cleaning of reverse infiltration materialsThe following are the relevant points for online chemical cleaning of reverse infiltration materials:
** 1. Determination of the time to purge **
When the standardized pressure difference between the feed water and the concentrated water increases by 15%, or the standardized water yield decreases by 10%, or the standardized salt penetration rate increases by 5%, the membrane system should be cleaned. If the cleaning was delayed for too long, it would be difficult to completely remove the dirt and restore the membrane performance to its original state.
** 2. Determination of dirt type **
1. ** Determination by chemical analysis **
- It was best to conduct a chemical analysis of the residue collected on the PDI test membrane to determine the main type of contamination, so that targeted chemical cleaning could be carried out.
2. ** Indirectly Judgement Method **
- When chemical analysis is not possible, the dirt can be classified according to the determination of the PDI, the color and density of the residue on the test membrane. For example, brown residue may be iron dirt; white residue may be silicon, sandy clay, calcium dirt, etc.; the shape of the crystalline lens may be the characteristics of an organic colloid or calcium dirt; biological or organic dirt, except for odor, is usually sticky.
** 3. Cleaning Program Selection **
1. ** Against Metal Hydride or Calcium-scale **
- If the dirt is a metal dioxide (such as iron dioxide) or calcium dirt, it can be cleaned with lemon acid.
2. ** Against organisms or microorganisms **
- If it is determined that the main dirt is organic matter or microorganisms, it is recommended to use an acidic cleaning method.
** IV. Selection and conditions of chemical cleaning agent **
1. ** Potion selection **
- ** Inorganic salt scale (e.g., calcium scale)**: 0.2% HC1 solution (pH1 - 2, temperature <38 ° C) is preferred. 2.0% Citric acid (best to soak overnight), 1.0% Na Chi S Chi O, 0.5% Phosphorous acid are also available.
- ** Metal Oxides (such as iron, aluminum, etc.)**: 1.0% Na ^S ^O ^solution (temperature <35 ° C) is preferred, 0.5% phosphorous acid and 2.0% lemon acid are available.
- ** Acid Invisible Scale (CaF <2>, BaSO2 <3>, SrSO2 <3>, CaSO2 <3>)**: 0.1% NaOx solution +1.0% Na <3><4><4></4><4><5 <4><5 <5><5 <5><5 <5>
- ** Inorganic colloid (such as sludge)**: 0.1% NaOx solution +0.025% Na-SSS (pH11 - 12, temperature <30 ° C).
- ** Silicate scale **: 0.1% NaOx solution +0.025% Na-SSS (pH11 - 12, temperature <30 ° C; you can also choose 0.1% NaOx solution +1.0% Na Cu </anno> solution).
- ** Microorganism **: 0.1% Na-Na solution +0.025% Na-SSS (pH11 - 12, temperature <30 ° C; 0.1% Na-Na solution +1.0% Na-Se solution can also be selected).
- ** organic matter **: 0.1% Na-Na solution +0.025% Na-SSS is usually used as the first step of cleaning (pH11 - 12, temperature <30 ° C; 0.2% HClsolution is usually used as the second step of cleaning after the basic cleaning).
2. ** Cleaning conditions **
- ** Water for configuration **: Softened water or product water, free of heavy metals, residual chorine or other oxidisers.
- ** Drug dosage **: Each 8-inch element: 40 - 80 liters (depending on the degree of dirt); Each 4-inch element: 10 - 20 liters (depending on the degree of dirt).
- ** Operating pressure **: Lower pressure (0.1 - 0.3MP), usually no more than 0.4MP.
- ** Cleaning flow rate **: 6 - 9 m3/hr for each 8-inch pressure vessel; 1.8 - 2.3 m3/hr for each 4-inch pressure vessel.
- ** Cleaning fluid temperature **: As high as possible, but the highest temperature is 45 ° C. Usually, 30 - 35 ° C is selected. If it exceeds 45 ° C, cooling equipment should be installed.
- ** Cleaning Type **: Each pressure vessel is to be recycled and soaked in turn.
- ** Cycle Time **: It is recommended to repeat every 0.5 - 1 hour (2 - 3 times).
- ** Soaking time **: 2 - 24 hours (depends on the degree of dirt).
- ** Cleaning method **: It is best to clean it in sections.
- ** Cleaning time **: At least 1 - 2 hours, depending on the degree of contamination and the cleaning method used.
** 5. Cleaning effectiveness assessment **
Following the recommended cleaning method, the pressure difference of the entire membrane system will usually be reduced to the initial value, and the water production flow rate and rejection rate will be restored. If the system performance does not improve sufficiently after cleaning, other recommended methods are recommended. In many cases, several consecutive cleaning methods were needed to remove membrane contamination, and alternating cleaning agents were more effective than using a single agent.
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Quick CleaningThe Extreme Cleaning might be referring to the Extreme Cleaning app, which was a powerful phone cleaning app. It could help users clean up the memory on their smartphone, uninstalling remnants, historical traces, and application installation packages. It could also be used to end the current phone's running process, saving the phone's storage space and extending battery life. It had a variety of features, such as light size (the installation package limit was controlled to 7 trillion), extremely fast garbage cleaning speed, solving the problem of slow phone card, sorting files, cleaning the notification bar to make the notification bar cleaner and more efficient, intelligent analysis of chat files (such as WeChat, QQ and other chat social software) to release more phone space, and Short videos buffer garbage (TikTok, Watermelon, Fast Hand, etc.) one-click quick cleaning. It was free and had no side effects on the phone. When using it, after downloading the software and entering the main interface, click on the garbage cleaning to scan the memory garbage and balance garbage of the phone. After the scanning is completed, you can click on the release memory to complete the garbage cleaning.
Can't wait for the TV series of 'Savage Blade in the Snow'? Hurry up and read the wonderful original story!
Cleaning DiaryA cleaning diary was a diary that recorded personal cleaning activities. We can see several articles about the cleaning diary, including some personal experiences and feelings of participating in the cleaning. However, these diary entries did not provide specific questions or topics, so they could not give specific answers.
Cleaning and cleaning and cleaning up the mess! This is not a surprise really and I am pleased Mao Ni is not glossing over this reality of cleaning up after a war or fight! Will the new Earth be better and more peaceful? How will NQ's actions or non-actions impact the transition to a more peaceful existence for humans? Is someone such as NQ essential to assuring peace? I look forward to seeing the role and the actions of NQ the author writes in the following chapters.