Sailing in the eveningThere were many descriptions in ancient poems about sailing in the evening, showing a unique artistic conception. Some boats were filled with a sense of comfort at night. For example, under the moonlight, the shadow of the mountain was reflected on the fishing boat, as if the boat was carrying the mountain forward. The moonlight was like a guiding light in front of them. The steep mountain and the beauty of the moonlight accompanied them. The fishermen sang the fisherman's song and felt the beauty of sailing on a moonlit night. Also, at dusk, the moon was bright above the river, and the clouds and water were vast. It was as if he was in a fairyland. Song came from the river, and the light boat flew. When there was a breeze at night, if there were lotus flowers around, it would be a different experience. In addition, there were also people who felt melancholic when they sailed in the evening, like going up to the West Tower alone in the cold wind, watching the Cangshan sunset, thousands of sails passing by, and hundreds of boats closing in between the clouds and sinking water. They wanted to recite poems to express their feelings at this time, but it was difficult to find suitable elegant sentences. In short, sailing in the evening contained different emotions and rich scenery.
How to permeate the teaching design of Chinese traditional culture in primary school languageThe following are some teaching design ideas to infiltrate the traditional Chinese culture in primary school language teaching:
** 1. Classic Ancient Poetry Teaching **
1. ** Recitation accumulation **
- Arrange a special reading time, such as three minutes before class, for the students to read classic ancient poems. He could make a recitation plan and choose one or two ancient poems every week. The difficulty would gradually increase as the student's ability improved.
- To encourage unintentional recitation outside of class, for example, during breaks or on the way home from school, by playing the audio of ancient poetry, students could feel the rhythmic beauty of ancient poetry in a relaxed atmosphere.
- During the recitation process, the students were guided to pay attention to the rhythm, intonation, rhyme, etc. of the ancient poems. They could deepen their memory through repeated recitation. For example, five-character quatrains generally had the rhythm of "221" or "212", while seven-character quatrains mostly had the rhythm of "221" or "2212".
2. ** Understanding and Comprehension **
- In the teaching, the author of the ancient poems and the background of their creation were introduced to help the students better understand the meaning of the poems. For example, when he was studying Li Bai's " Thoughts on a Quiet Night," he talked about Li Bai's life experience, his homesickness, and the social style of the Tang Dynasty.
- Analyzing the meaning of the words in the poem sentence by sentence, guiding the students to understand the meaning of the entire poem from the words. For example, the word "bed" in "moonlight before the bed" was used to guide the students to explore its possible meaning.
- The students will be organized to discuss the emotions expressed in the poems, such as the feelings of parting in the farewell poems, the strong nostalgia in the homesickness poems, etc., so that the students can experience the rich emotional world of the ancients.
** 2. Excavating the teaching materials **
1. ** Teaching Chinese characters **
- When teaching Chinese characters, he would explain the evolution of Chinese characters and show the forms of different characters such as oracle bone inscriptions, Jin characters, seal script, official script, regular script, etc. For example, the word " Ri ", from the shape of the sun in oracle bone inscriptions to the modern writing method of regular script, allowed students to understand the cultural meaning behind the Chinese characters.
- Explain the formation of Chinese characters, such as pictograms, meaning, shape and sound, etc. Take the character "Xiu" as an example. Through "Ren" and "Mu", the students could feel the wisdom of the ancients in creating characters.
2. ** Ancient prose, famous sayings and aphorisms **
- As for the ancient texts in the textbooks, they were translated word for word and explained sentence by sentence to let the students understand the gist of the ancient texts. After that, he guided the students to analyze the philosophy and moral concepts contained in the ancient prose.
- During the teaching of famous aphorisms, students were asked to recite famous aphorisms and organize students to share their understanding of famous aphorisms and their application in life.
** 3. Use illustrations in teaching materials **
1. ** Ancient Poetry Illustrations **
- When teaching ancient poetry, if there were illustrations in the textbook, guide the students to carefully observe the illustrations. For example, when learning " Ode to Goose ", students were asked to observe the shape, color, and movements of the goose in the illustrations. Then, they were combined with the descriptions in the poems, such as " white hair floating in green water, red palms stirring clear waves ", so that students could feel the pictures depicted in the poems from the illustrations and better understand the artistic conception of the poems.
- Teachers could ask questions according to the illustrations to inspire students 'thinking. For example, according to the illustration of "River Snow", the students were asked where they could see the lonely artistic conception of "birds flying over thousands of mountains and people disappearing on thousands of paths".
2. ** Illustration application of other texts **
- As for the illustrations in other texts, such as the illustrations of mythical fables, the teacher could use the illustrations to draw out the content of the story, and then in the process of explaining the story, permeate the traditional cultural meaning. For example, when talking about Hou Yi Shooting the Sun, the image of Hou Yi and his archery posture were shown through illustrations, so that students could better understand the ancient people's reverence for heroes and their desire to overcome natural disasters reflected in this mythical story.
** IV. Expansion of excellent literature books outside the classroom **
1. ** Book recommendations **
- According to the age and reading level of the students, the teachers recommended suitable excellent literature books outside the classroom, such as the Three Character Classic, Hundred Family Surnames, Thousand Character Essay, and other enlightening books, as well as the children's version of classic works such as Journey to the West and Water Margins.
- When recommending books, briefly introduce the content, characteristics, and traditional cultural elements contained in the books, such as Buddhism, Taoist culture, myths and legends in Journey to the West.
2. ** Reading guidance and communication **
- Teachers should give students guidance on reading methods, such as how to quickly browse, how to read intensively, how to take notes, etc.
- To organize an extra-cursory reading exchange activity to allow students to share their gains from reading, such as interesting stories, memorable characters, and traditional cultural meanings. For example, after reading the children's version of Water Margins, the students were asked to share their understanding of the "righteousness" of the Liangshan heroes.
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