What are the characteristics of China novel translation?China novel translation has the following characteristics:
** 1. Translating content **
1. ** The development from free translation to literal translation **
- The early translation of foreign novels was mostly free translation, often introducing the outline of the story, abridged or even added content. For example, when translating a novel, they would delete the lines or insert passages. They would also delete the description of the scenery and the psychological description of the characters. It was common to translate the meaning but not the words. Many of them were writers themselves, so they would create something in their translation. For example, Bao Tianxiao's translation of Xin 'er's Journey to School inserted several sections on family affairs. With the rise of the status of the novel and the popularity of the translated version, it gradually developed towards literal translation. It required loyalty to the original work or basically loyalty to the original work, and paid attention to not losing the original content and style. The quality of translation was obviously improved.
2. ** Selection of translation content **
- When translating China literature to foreign countries, there was controversy over the choice of translated content. Traditional foreign translation mostly supported classics, novels, and other large works. However, in the era of new media, there was a need to redefine what was worth translating. For example, not only serious literature or a certain type of novel was suitable for external communication. This involved the influence and vitality of the works in foreign cultures, as well as the meaning and essence of China literature and culture 'going out'.
** 2. Language Form **
1. ** Change from classical Chinese to vernacular Chinese **
- In the early days, most of the translated novels were translated in classical Chinese. Because classical Chinese was popular in society at that time, and most of the novel readers were scholars, classical Chinese translation was easy to accept. However, classical Chinese was difficult to understand and was not conducive to spreading among readers who had just learned the language. With the development of the vernacular movement, some people of insight advocated the use of vernacular. Translators began to use shallow styles (between classical Chinese and vernacular) to translate. Later, more and more people translated in vernacular, and the level of vernacular translation also improved day by day, laying the foundation for the full use of pure vernacular after the May Fourth Movement.
** 3. Cultural Connotation **
1. ** Difficulties in translating cultural terms **
- In China novels (especially fantasy novels), there are many words with unique cultural implications that are difficult to translate accurately. For example, in fantasy novels, it was difficult for foreigners to express words like "Tianjiao,""Daozi," and "Shengzi" in English. Some could only use Pinyin instead or use a translation method like "God's favorite son." The names of weapons and cultivation techniques, such as the hidden weapons in Douluo Continent and the Provenance True Devil Technique in Mortal Cultivation Biography, were also difficult to translate. Some of them were directly written in Pinyin and made annotations for foreign readers to understand on their own.
2. ** The relationship between translation and cultural exchange **
- In the context of the two-way and multi-dimensional exchange of Chinese and foreign literature and culture, the translation criticism of China literature continued to deepen. The path of translation activities has changed from being dominated by "foreign translation" to paying equal attention to "Chinese translation" and "foreign translation". This requires a re-examination of the fundamental issues of the nature, value, and ethics of translation, including how to deal with the cultural implications of China literature in translation, so as to realize the equal exchange and common development of China culture and the world's multiculturalism.
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Young China's explanation and translation"Ode to Young China" text:
The Japanese call China, one is called the old empire, and the other is called the old empire. This kind of language is probably a translation of the language of the Western people. Whoosh! Is China really the oldest? Liang Qichao said: Oh no! What did he say? What did he say? There is a young China in my heart! If you want to talk about the old and young of the country, please first talk about the old and young of the people. Old people often think about the past, young people often think about the future. Only think of the past, so there is nostalgia; Only think of the future, so there is hope. Only nostalgia, so conservative; Only hope, so forge ahead. Only conservative, so forever old; Only progress, so new day by day. Think about the past, everything has been done, so only know the rules; Think about the future, everything has not been done, so often dare to make exceptions. The old are often worried, and the young are often happy. Because there are many worries, so the heart is discouraged; Because there is only joy, so the spirit is exuberant. Only when you are discouraged will you be timid; Only when you are full of vigor will you be bold and strong. Only cowardice, so muddle along; Only bold and strong, so take risks. Only by muddling along can the world be destroyed; Only by taking risks can the world be created. Old people are often tired of things, young people are often happy. Because he is tired of doing things, he often feels that nothing can be done; Because he is good at doing things, he often feels that nothing can be done. The old man is like the setting sun, the young man is like the rising sun, the old man is like a thin cow, and the young man is like a tiger. The old man was like a monk, and the young man was like a chivalrous man. The old were like a dictionary, and the young were like a play. The old are like the smoke of tobacco, the young are like the wine of poulan. The elderly were like meteorites from other planets, and the young were like coral islands in the ocean. The old were like the pyramids in the desert of Egypt, the young were like the railway in Siberia, the old were like the willows after autumn, and the young were like the grass before spring. The old are like the Dead Sea, and the young are like the Yangtze River. This is the difference between the old and the young. Ren Gong said: People have this kind of thing, the country should also be like this.
Liang Qichao said: It's sad, it's the eldest son! Xunyang river head lute woman, when the moon around the boat, maple leaves rustle, quilt cold than iron, like a dream is not a dream, recall Luoyang dust in the spring flowers and autumn moon fun. In the south of the West Palace, white-haired palace maids, a lamp like a tassel, sat facing each other in groups of three or five, talking about the legacy of Kaiyuan and Tianbao years, and composing "Nishang Feather Song." Green door melon planting people, left to the woman, looking at the child, recall the noble door like the sea pearl shoes miscellaneous event. Napoleon was in Emeer, Arafei was in seclusion in Ceylon, and a few guards, or some busybodies who visited, talked about the great achievements of a short knife and a horse galloping through the Central Plains, sweeping across Europe, fighting in the sea tower, and shocking all countries with a shout. At first, they patted the table, then touched their thighs, and finally looked at the mirror. Alas, my face is chapped, my teeth are gone, my white hair is full, and I am old! In this way, there is nothing to worry about except for seclusion, there is no heaven and earth except for misery, there is no sun and moon except for decadence, there is no sound except for sighing, and there is no cause except for waiting for death.
The responsibility today is not on others, but on me. If a young man is wise, the country will be wise; if a young man is rich, the country will be rich; if a young man is strong, the country will be strong; if a young man is independent, the country will be independent; if a young man is free, the country will be free; if a young man is advanced, the country will be advanced; if a young man is better than Europe, the country will be better than Europe; if a young man is stronger than Earth, the country will be stronger than Earth. The red sun had just risen, and the road was bright. The river flowed out and poured into the vast ocean. Dive into the Dragon Abyss, scales and claws flying. The tiger roared in the valley, and all the beasts were frightened. Falcons and eagles try their wings, and the wind and dust are blown. The first birth of the strange flower, Huang Huang. Gan will use the whetstone, there is a sharp edge. The sky is covered with green, and the earth is covered with yellow. Even if there are thousands of years, there are eight wastelands. The future is like the sea, and the future is long. How beautiful my young China is! I'm as old as the sky! I am a young man of the China Plains, and there is no boundary between me and the country!
Translated:
The Japanese call us China, and they always call us the Big Boss Empire. This statement was probably a copy of the words of the European Westerners. Sigh! Is China really getting old? Liang Qichao said, No! What kind of words was this! What kind of words was this! In my heart, there is a Young China! If you want to talk about the age of the country, please talk about the age of the people first. The elderly often reminisced about the past, and the young often thought about the future. Memories of the past gave rise to nostalgia, and thoughts of the future gave rise to hope. Because of nostalgia, they were conservative, and because of hope, they were aggressive. Because it was conservative, it was always old, and because it was aggressive, it was updated every day. Because he always thought about the past, everything he had experienced was what he had experienced, so he only knew to follow the old rules. Because he thought about the future, everything he had not experienced was what he had not experienced, so he often dared to break the rules. Old people often worry, and young people often like to play. Because of worry, you are discouraged; because of play, you are full of vitality. Because he was discouraged, he was timid, and because he was full of vitality, he was heroic and majestic. Because of cowardice, they muddled along, and because of boldness, they dared to take risks. Because they muddled along, they could destroy the world, and because they dared to take risks, they could create the world. Old people often hated doing things, while young people often liked doing things. Because he hated doing things, he often felt that there was no way to do anything. Because he liked doing things, he often felt that there was nothing that could not be done. The elderly were like the setting sun in the evening, the young were like the morning sun, the elderly were like thin cows, and the young were like tiger cubs. The elderly were like monks, and the young were like chivalrous men. The elderly were like a dictionary, and the young were like an opera. The old were like cigarettes, the young were like brandies. The elderly were like meteorites from other planets, and the young were like coral islands in the sea. The old were like the pyramids in the Egyptian desert, the young were like the Siberian railway, the old were like the willows after autumn, and the young were like the grass before spring. The elderly were like the Dead Sea that had turned into a swamp, and the young were like the Yangtze River that had just started. This was the general situation of the difference in personality between the elderly and the young. Ren Gong said: People have this kind of situation, the country should also be like this.
Liang Qichao said,"How sad, I'm old!" The woman playing the lute on the riverbank of Xunyang, as the moon circled the boat, the maple leaves rustled, and the quilt was colder than iron, as if in a dream or not, recalled the beautiful pleasures of the spring flowers and autumn moon in Luoyang. In the south of the West Palace, white-haired palace maids sat opposite each other with a lamp like a tassel. They talked about the old things of the Kaiyuan and Tianbao years and composed the Song of Nishang Feather. The man who planted melons in the Green Gate, with his left facing his wife, teased his children, and recalled the grand event in the noble gate that was like a mess of pearl shoes. Napoleon was exiled to Elba Island, and Arabi was imprisoned in Ceylon. He talked with two or three guards or visiting busybodies about the great achievements of the war that took place in the Central Plains, swept through Europe, and fought a bloody battle on the sea. He roared and shocked all the countries. At first, he slapped the table, then touched his thigh, and finally looked at himself in the mirror. Alas, his face was full of wrinkles, his teeth were gone, his white hair was full, and he was old and dispirited! People like this had nothing to worry about except for melancholy, no world except for misery, no sun and moon except for depression, no voice except for sighs, and no career except for waiting for death.
Therefore, the responsibility today is not on others, but on us youngsters. If a young man was smart, the country would be smart. If a young man was rich, the country would be rich. If a young man was strong, the country would be strong. If a young man was independent, the country would be independent. If a young man was free, the country would be free. If a young man was better than Europe, the country would be better than Europe. If a young man ruled the world, the country would rule the world. The red sun had just risen, and the road was filled with multicolored light. The Yellow River rose from the ground, surging and surging. The dragon leaped from the abyss, its scales and claws dancing. The little tiger roared in the valley, and all the beasts were afraid and panicked. The eagle and falcon spread their wings to fly, and the wind and dust were high. The strange flowers had just begun to sprout, and they were bright and lush. The sword of the general was newly sharpened and shone. With the sky above their heads and the earth beneath their feet, they had a long history and a vast territory. The future was as vast as the sea, and the days ahead were infinitely long. Beautiful, my young China, will live with the world forever! My majestic China youth, will live a long life with the motherland!
The novel " The Lost Seventeen " is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to read it!