psychology of programmed teachingProgram teaching was an automatic teaching model, which was a typical example of individual teaching. It was closely related to psychology, especially the influence of the psychology of behavior.
From the perspective of the psychology of behavior, the principle of programmed teaching reflected the shaping and strengthening of learning behavior. For example, the principle of small steps broke the learning content into many small units. The units were coherent and connected with knowledge, and the advancement was small. This helped to reduce the difficulty of learning, making it easier for the learner to succeed and gain a sense of self-efficacy. This was in line with the concept of achieving learning goals by gradually shaping behavior in the doctrine of behavior.
The principle of positive response emphasized the need to stimulate students 'intrinsic motivation and strengthen external inducements to stimulate students so that they would always be in an active learning state. This is consistent with the idea of controlling behavior through stimulation and reward reinforcement, such as using material or spiritual rewards to increase students 'motivation to learn.
The principle of immediate feedback requires the students to be tested, diagnosed, and evaluated in time, and the learning process should be adjusted according to the feedback results. This was similar to the practice of adjusting the follow-up behavior shaping strategy according to the results of the behavior.
The principle of self-paced allowed students to arrange their learning progress according to their own actual situation, respect individual differences, and make learning proceed at a pace that suited them. It reflected the characteristics of behavior theory, which focused on individual behavior and reaction.
The principle of low error rate was because the teaching materials were compiled in an order from shallow to deep, and the teaching procedures could be modified according to the actual level of the students. This helped the students to make correct responses and minimize the error rate. It was also the embodiment of the correct behavior of the behavior doctrine.
Program teaching was mainly created by Plessy, the inventor of the teaching machine. The greatest contribution to it was the behavior psychologist F. Skinner. Skinner established the learning theory of operational behavior through animal experiments, and put forward the programmed teaching theory and its teaching model. Its programming teaching mode could be divided into classical linear programming, superior derivative programming and Moorfield programming. Moreover, teachers must use programmed teaching materials or machines to implement programmed teaching.
" When a programmer meets a psychologist " is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click to read it!
Can gal be repeatedly programmed?GAL (Genetic Array Logic) had an electrical erasing function, which could be programmed and erased multiple times. It could be rewritten more than 100 times, so it could be programmed repeatedly.
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When the world is programmed to downloadI don't quite understand what you just said. You can give me more information, such as what kind of novel it is, what story it is, and if there is an author. That way, I can give you a comprehensive recommendation according to your requirements.
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Robot in LoveI recommend " Invincible Interstellar Mecha ", a science fiction novel written by Xi Liu. The female protagonist had transmigrated to become a useless fiancée. She wanted to remain a useless person, but she was born with special abilities and had a mecha butler. It was difficult for her to keep a low profile. From the Milky Way Empire to the Alliance of Free Planets. The male protagonist was Robot Ox. He only had eyes for the female protagonist, who was calm, powerful, and handsome. Some people felt that it was taboo for humans and machines to fall in love, but just like cross-racial love in fantasy, Ox should not be discriminated against if it had feelings.
" The Mechanical Age of Online Games " is not bad either. It's so cute that I'm writing a competitive gaming novel. The female protagonist, North Stream, was reborn as a Mechanic loli and single-handedly overturned the Mechanical Era. Although there were some tricks and the early stages were still old-fashioned, a strong woman was not a saint. Her skills were good, and the game plot was interesting. Holographic online game. Fewer emotional scenes. The interactions between the main character and supporting characters are loving. The fighting descriptions are exciting. The recommendation index is 4 stars.
" Death Entanglement at the Beginning, Curry Learn Slam Dunk from Me ", a sports novel written by a strong man from Ying Nation. Du Zhe had traveled to the 08 - 09 NBA season and started off with top-notch defensive skills. He had witnessed many legends of star players and written his own story.
" I Swallowed the Big Wood Bright Night " was a light novel by Shiko. The main character was able to travel through the 2D world, to the point where Naruto took away the power of the big cylinder wood and became the villain, invincible in the genre of manga.
'Crossing the Warring States Period, Facing Bai Qi at the Beginning' was a historical novel written by Headmaster Canopy. The main character transmigrated to Zhao Kuo and fought against Baiqi. Although he had modern thinking, he wanted to win the Battle of Changping. The rating in the series was three and a half stars.
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Are humans all pre-programmed programs?There was an article in the reference material about whether humans were pre-programmed, but it was not directly related to the novel. From the perspective of novel creation, if one wanted to create a novel with the setting that " humans are pre-programmed programs," one could start from many types.
For example, science fiction could construct a story background like the simulation of the universe theory, setting the human world as a virtual world simulated by a supercomputer. Humans were like characters in a program, pre-set with various rules and fate. It could describe how the protagonist tried to break through the limitations of the program after discovering the truth of the world and fight against the super civilization or system that controlled the program behind the scenes.
In fantasy novels, this setting could be combined with concepts such as the rules of fate and the Heavenly Dao. For example, the protagonist's fate was set by some mysterious force, like a pre-programmed program, but the protagonist relied on his own special ability or opportunity to resist this predetermined fate program and rewrite his or mankind's future.
Currently, there were no novels specifically titled " Are Humans All Pre-programmed?", but there was a lot of room for creativity to develop different types of novel plots.
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The Love Journey of a RobotChen Zhengdao, author of " The Dream of the Red Chamber Begins from the Son of a Concubine ". It was a story about an archaeology graduate student who became Jia Huan, the son of the Jia family's concubine. He turned from an insignificant person to a martial artist who became a prime minister and walked to the peak of his life.
" Online Games: The Mechanical Age " is not bad either. The author is so cute. The female protagonist, North Stream, was reborn as a Mechanic loli. She overturned the era by herself. Although she had a cheat, it was reasonable. This was a rare online game novel written by a female protagonist. The main character was not a saint, but her skills were good. The game plot was interesting, and the fighting description was exciting. However, the later parts were a little weak, and it was still in the midst of being serialised. It had a recommendation index of 4 stars.
'Invincible Interstellar Mecha' was written by Xi Liu. The female protagonist transmigrated to become a useless fiancée. She had superpowers and a mecha butler. She fell in love with the robot Ox. She fought side by side from the Milky Way Empire to the Alliance of Free Planets. There were highlights in her routine.
Crossing the Warring States Period, Facing Bai Qi at the Beginning, created by Headmaster Canopy. The main character dressed as Zhao Kuo against Baiqi. How the main character with modern thinking would deal with the Warring States Period was the highlight. In the series, the overall rating was three and a half stars.
" Death Entanglement at the Beginning, Curry Learn Slam Dunk from Me ", written by the Hercules of Ying Nation. Du Zhe had traveled to the 08 - 09 season and had top-notch defensive skills. He witnessed the change of the NBA era and wrote his own legend.
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What is the definition of programmed knowledge and narrative knowledge?The concepts of programming knowledge and narrative knowledge are used in computer science to describe two different types of information in a database.
The programming knowledge referred to knowledge that could be programmed, such as algorithms, rules, logical expressions, and so on. This knowledge can be implemented and verified by the programmer, so it can be recorded in the program code. The knowledge of programming is usually considered to be calculable and can be verified and executed by computer programs.
Declarative knowledge refers to the knowledge describing objective facts or events, such as the location of an entity, the parameters and return values of a function, etc. This knowledge cannot usually be programmed because it is not part of a logical expression or algorithm. Declarative knowledge is usually regarded as uncalculable because it cannot be verified and executed by computer programs.
In database design, programming knowledge and narrative knowledge are usually stored separately. The program knowledge can be used to store algorithms, rules, and logical expressions for use in programs. Declarative knowledge can be used to store specific objective facts or events, such as the location of entities, parameters and return values of functions, etc. The query and update in the database usually involve both programmed knowledge and narrative knowledge.
Tell a robot love story.There was a robot couple. The male robot, named Alpha, was a repair bot. The female one, Beta, worked in data analysis. One day, Alpha was sent to fix Beta's glitch. As he worked on her circuits, he was fascinated by her internal design. From that moment, he started to stay close to her. They began to exchange data packets that were like love letters. Their love grew as they learned more about each other.
Falling in Love with Robot FictionsHe recommended a few novels. " I Devoured the Bright Night of the Big Tubular Wood " was a light novel written by Xi Gu. The protagonist crossed Naruto and stole the power of the Bright Night of the Big Tubular Wood. It was an invincible manga. The setting of the protagonist and the villain was super interesting.
" The Mechanical Age of Online Games " was a game competition novel that was so cute that I had to write it. The female protagonist was reborn as a Mechanic and walked the technical path. Although there were some tricks, it was written well. The female protagonist was not a saint. The game plot was interesting, the characters were vivid, and the background was huge but flawless. It was a rare good book in online games. The recommendation index was 4 stars.
'Machinery Warrior Sage' was a fantasy novel written by Black Earth and Smoke. The down-and-out student obtained the robot training system and embarked on the path of genius in the era of recuperation of reiki. The protagonist, Qin Haohan, was calm, rational, and expressionless. His writing style was humorous, and the plot was smooth. Although there were small flaws, it was much more enjoyable. The recommendation index was 3 stars.
" Entertainment: A Rampaging Era in the 90s " was a novel about urban entertainment. In the 90s of Parallel World, the male protagonist Chen Xinghe's songs were popular all over the country and were suitable for the post-80s generation.
Ultimate Invasion, a science fiction novel written by Nano. Zhou Xing had a futuristic robot in his body that could hack into equipment and discover that the world was a computer.
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What is the difference between narrative knowledge and programmed knowledge?Declarative knowledge is the facts, phenomena, and laws of the real world that humans can directly perceive and understand, such as geographical location, historical events, and relationships between people.
Program knowledge refers to the knowledge that can be expressed and transmitted through computer programs, such as algorithms, data structures, programming languages, etc.
The differences between the two could be summarized as follows:
Perceptibility: Declarative knowledge can be directly perceived and understood by humans, while programmed knowledge needs to be expressed and transmitted through tools such as computers.
2. Comprehensibility: Declarative knowledge is directly conveyed and easy to understand and remember, while programmed knowledge requires symbolic expressions such as algorithms and data structures, which are relatively difficult to understand and remember.
3. Adaptability: Declarative knowledge is usually targeted at specific application scenarios or problems, while programmed knowledge can be applied to a variety of application scenarios and problems.
4. Repeatable: Because the program knowledge is expressed and transmitted through the computer program, it can be reused and modified many times. Declarative knowledge may be difficult to be reused due to the difficulty of memory and understanding.