The Historical Allusions of Wanting Plum Blossoms to quench One's thirstThe phrase "Thirst by Looking at Plum Blossoms" came from Liu Yiqing's "New Words of Shi Shuo: Fake Jué" in the Southern Song Dynasty. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao led his troops to attack Zhang Xiu. On the way, they lost the road with water and the soldiers were thirsty. Seeing this, Cao Cao ordered," There is a plum forest in front. The fruits are very rich. They are sour and sweet, which can relieve thirst." The soldiers drooled when they heard this. With this method, Cao Cao was able to lead the soldiers to a place with a water source. This allusion showed Cao Cao's intelligence. When the army was cut off from water and the soldiers were thirsty, he mentioned the sweet and sour plums, which caused the soldiers to have a conditioned reflex and temporarily relieve their thirst. At the same time, it also boosted morale. Later on, the idiom " quench one's thirst by looking at plums " was used to describe how to comfort oneself with fantasies when one's wish could not be realized. It also meant to encourage others through psychological suggestions.
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Caring for the disadvantaged groups, refusing discrimination, how to write the reflection of the lesson planThe following is an example of reflection on the teaching plan of "Caring for the disadvantaged and rejecting discrimination":
** I. Reflection on the achievement of teaching objectives **
1. ** Knowledge target **
- The lesson plan was designed to let students understand the concept, characteristics, main types, and social situation of vulnerable groups. Looking back at the teaching process, through case studies (such as the case of the boy with terminal gastric cancer in the bus seat incident) and classroom discussions, most students could understand the basic concepts and related characteristics of the disadvantaged groups. However, for some of the more complex types of vulnerable groups, such as new vulnerable groups that appeared in the process of social transformation (such as some groups that lost their jobs due to industrial restructuring), the students 'understanding was not deep enough. He might need to add more realistic and detailed cases in future teaching to deepen his understanding.
2. ** Ability Target **
- The goal is to train students to analyze the discrimination faced by vulnerable groups and how to take positive action to reject discrimination. In teaching, although small groups were organized to discuss discrimination in different situations (such as racial discrimination, discrimination against people with physical defects, etc.), there were still shortcomings in guiding students to propose specific and feasible measures to deal with discrimination. For example, when discussing how to help deaf and mute people avoid discrimination in society, the students 'answers mostly focused on the basic respect level, and they were relatively lacking in suggestions on how to build social systems and public facilities. This meant that in the future, students needed to be guided to think from multiple perspectives and improve their comprehensive analysis ability.
3. ** Emotional goal **
- The main point was to stimulate the students 'compassion and make them take the initiative to care for and help the disadvantaged. From the classroom interaction and after-class feedback, the emotional goal was achieved better. Many students showed sympathy for the disadvantaged groups when discussing the case. For example, when it came to non-discrimination against people with vitiligo, the students expressed that they should give care and respect. However, there were also some students who only understood it on the surface and lacked the awareness to turn this emotion into actual action. This suggested that in the follow-up teaching, there was a need to increase the practical segment, so that students had the opportunity to personally participate in the activities of caring for the disadvantaged groups, so as to truly internalize this emotion.
** 2. Reflection on teaching content **
1. ** Selection of content **
- The selected teaching content covered many aspects of vulnerable groups and various manifestations of discrimination, such as vulnerable groups in social life, racial discrimination, discrimination against the physically disabled, and so on. The content was more comprehensive, but there might be some problems with the focus. For example, when explaining the social situation of the disadvantaged groups, there were too many aspects involved, resulting in not explaining every aspect in depth. In the future, according to the students 'actual understanding ability and social hot issues, they could choose the key content to explain in depth, such as the situation of vulnerable groups caused by the digital divide of the elderly and the corresponding discrimination phenomenon.
2. ** New content **
- In today's society, the situation of vulnerable groups and discrimination were constantly changing. Although some relatively new cases were cited in the lesson plan (such as the events in the video), there was a lack of reference to some emerging vulnerable groups (such as groups that became psychologically vulnerable due to cyberviolence) and new forms of discrimination (such as hidden discrimination based on algorithms). This required more attention to new social phenomena in the future updates of teaching content and the timely integration of relevant content into the teaching content.
** 3. Reflection on teaching methods **
1. ** Teaching Method **
- The teaching method was used to explain the basic knowledge of the concept and characteristics of vulnerable groups. This method could ensure the accuracy and systematic imparting of knowledge, but the problem was that it was relatively boring and the participation of students was low. For example, when explaining the concept of vulnerable groups, the students 'attention was easily distracted. In the future, he could use more vivid teaching methods, such as combining stories, metaphor, and other methods to explain abstract concepts to increase students 'interest in learning.
2. ** Case Analysis Method **
- Through case studies (such as the slapping incident of a boy on the bus, the racial discrimination incident of an airline, etc.), students were guided to understand the discrimination faced by vulnerable groups. This method could improve the students 'analytical ability and their attention to real-life problems. However, in terms of case selection, some cases might be too complicated or have a certain distance from the actual life of the students, causing some students to have difficulty understanding. In the future, they should pay attention to choosing more cases that were close to the actual life of students, such as cases of hidden discrimination against poor students in schools, so that students could better understand and participate in discussions.
3. ** Group discussion method **
- Students were organized to discuss how to care for the disadvantaged and reject discrimination. Group discussions could stimulate students 'thinking and cultivate their teamwork skills. However, during the group discussion, some of the group discussions deviated from the main topic or did not go deep enough. This might be because there was no clear division of tasks and discussion requirements before the group discussion. In the future, more detailed planning was needed before the group discussion, including the task of each group member, setting the steps and time limit of the discussion, etc., in order to improve the efficiency and quality of the group discussion.
** IV. Reflection on Teaching Evaluation **
1. ** Evaluation Method **
- Teaching evaluation mainly used classroom questions, student assignments, and group discussions. This kind of diverse evaluation method could give a more comprehensive understanding of the students 'learning situation. However, in the evaluation process, the evaluation of students 'innovative thinking and emotional attitudes was not accurate enough. For example, when evaluating students 'emotional attitudes towards caring for the disadvantaged groups, they relied more on the students' verbal expressions in the classroom and lacked follow-up evaluation of students 'actual behavior after class. In the future teaching evaluation, the evaluation of practical activities after class could be added, such as the students 'participation in community activities to care for the vulnerable groups.
2. ** Evaluation feedback **
- Although he could point out the strengths and weaknesses of the students when he gave them feedback, he could still improve the accuracy of the feedback. For example, when marking students 'homework, some students' logical errors in analyzing discrimination were simply pointed out without explaining the reasons for the errors and how to improve them in detail. In the future evaluation feedback, more attention should be paid to personality and timely, so as to help students better understand their own learning situation and improve.
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