the pipe network

The construction of a municipal pipe network project is a complicated process that covers many aspects. The following is a detailed introduction: ##I. Pre-construction preparation 1. ** Engineering geological and geological survey ** - For areas with heavy rainfall, engineering geological and geological data are of utmost importance. The soil layer infiltration coefficient used must be reliable. If necessary, it needs to be determined by field pumping test. - In complex soil layers, supplementary survey shall be conducted according to the requirements of rainfall, and the corresponding aquifer and impervious layer, the recharge relationship of underground water, the main aquifer and the substratum shall be identified. 2. ** Construction Equipment and Materials ** - Confirm the structure, length and quantity of the well point pipes, the model and quantity of the pumping machinery (including the spare capacity of the pump and the motor), and set up dual power sources if necessary. - Prepare all kinds of pipeline materials required for construction, such as water supply pipeline, drainage pipeline, gas pipeline, heat pipeline, etc., and ensure that their quality meets the requirements of the project. 3. ** Construction drawings and plans ** - Draw the plan and profile layout and installation drawings of the well point drainage system, specify the sinking method of the well point pipe, the burial of the drainage ditch management and the selection of drainage location, etc. - Formulate measures to prevent surface water and rainwater from entering the trench, as well as protective measures at the intersection of the well point pipeline and the construction road. ##2. Construction process ###(I) Earthwork 1. ** Trench and foundation pit excavation ** - The excavation must be carried out according to the calculation rules of the trench earth and stone. Where the width of the bottom of the trench shown in the diagram (excluding the widened working face) is less than 5m, and the length of the bottom of the trench is more than three times the width of the bottom, the trench project shall be implemented; where the area of the bottom of the trench shown in the diagram (excluding the widened working face) is less than 50m2, and the long side is less than three times the short side, the foundation pit project shall be implemented; in addition to the above provisions, the leveling project shall be implemented. - The slope of trench and foundation pit shall be calculated according to the slope coefficient required by the design or construction organization design. If there is no regulation, it can be calculated according to the relevant standard table. During the calculation of the earth slope, the repetitive work volume at the junction shall not be deducted. The original trench foundation cushion layer shall be calculated from the upper surface of the cushion layer. - The width of the foundation, pipeline and pipe network trench shall be calculated according to the design regulations. If there are no design regulations, the bottom width of the pipeline trench without foundation (cushion) shall be calculated according to the width of the working faces on the other two sides of the pipeline outer diameter; the bottom width of the pipeline trench with foundation (cushion) shall be calculated according to the width of the foundation (cushion) plus the width of the working faces on both sides; the bottom width of the trench supporting the retaining board shall be calculated according to the above regulations, and 0.1m shall be added to each side. 2. ** Earthwork Transportation and Backfilling ** - Backfilling volume of trenches and pits = excavation volume-volume of buried components; Backfilling volume of trenches = excavation volume-volume of pipes with a diameter of more than 500mm and volume of buried components. - The volume of the backfilled soil and rock dregs shall be calculated in cubic meters according to the volume of the filled area after being compressed; the volume of the remaining transportation = the volume of excavation-the volume of the backfilled area. ###(II) Pipeling Project 1. ** Pipeling installation ** - Different types of pipes had different installation requirements. For example, the water supply pipeline had to ensure the supply of domestic water, production water, fire water, and municipal green and spraying water for the city, including the installation of water transmission pipeline and water distribution network. - The installation of the drainage pipeline should realize the purpose of timely collection of urban domestic sewage, industrial waste water and rainwater, and transport the domestic sewage and industrial waste water to the sewage treatment plant for treatment and discharge, and discharge the rainwater nearby. - The gas pipeline was responsible for distributing the gas from the gas distribution station to various users for their use; the thermal pipeline was used for heating, and there were hot water pipes and steam pipes; the power cable was used to transmit electricity to the city. It was classified according to its function and voltage, and the installation had to follow the corresponding specifications. 2. ** Production and installation of pipe fitting and steel support, and connection of new and old pipes ** - The installation of the pipe fitting must ensure that the connection is tight and meets the pressure and flow requirements of the piping system. The steel support must be strong and stable enough to support the weight of the pipeline and the stress during operation. - When connecting the old and new pipes, pay attention to the connection process to ensure the safety and reliability of the overall operation of the connected pipeline system. ###(3) Anciliary facilities project 1. ** Construction of inspection wells and water wells ** - The construction of inspection wells and water wells must be carried out according to the design requirements, including their size, structure, materials, and so on. They play a role in inspecting, maintaining, and regulating the water flow in the pipe network system. 2. ** Gutter Project ** - The direction and slope of the drainage ditch project should be reasonably planned to ensure smooth drainage and prevent water accumulation from affecting the operation of the pipe network. ##3. Special Requirements During Construction 1. ** Well Point Rainfall Requirements ** - During transportation, loading, unloading, and stacking of the well point filter tubes, the filter screens shall be prevented from being damaged. Before running into the well point holes, the filter tubes must be checked one by one to ensure that the filter screens are in good condition. - It is required to start the drainage 2 - 3 weeks before the excavation of the foundation pit, so that the soil has a certain degree of drainage and consolidation during excavation. After the start of the drainage, the water level of the water level observation pit buried inside and outside the foundation pit shall be regularly measured to ensure that the drainage depth meets the requirements. The depth of the water level drop of the underground water observation well outside the foundation pit shall not be greater than the environmental protection requirements. - In order to reduce the impact of well point drainage on the surrounding environment, recharge well points, recharge sand wells and sand ditches can be set between the drainage pipe and the protected object. 2. ** Other considerations ** - During construction, take soil samples to check the range of the aquifer and the composition of soil particles. During the process of forming holes, check the straightness of the holes in time and measure the depth of the holes after they are formed. - The well point pipe must be cleaned before it is put down. The position of the well pipe should be within the range of the stratum where water needs to be pumped, and the sand filter material should be filled around the well pipe. The sand filter material can also be placed on the specified length of the well pipe in advance before the well pipe is put down. When in use, the upper part of the well hole is sealed with a soil layer, and water is pumped immediately after the well pipe is buried to extract the powder and clay particles in the filter material, so as to ensure that the filter layer has good water penetration and the pumping effect of the well point. - Before filling the sand, the mud in the hole should be diluted appropriately, the well pipe should be in the middle, and the filling height should not be less than 95% of the calculated value. - The water quality of the pumping water is turbid, and the reason should be analyzed in time to prevent the ground from sinking due to the loss of mud and sand. The maintenance and inspection of the well point system should be strengthened to ensure that the well point can pump water normally and continuously. The pumping records should be made in detail. ##4. Post-construction Recovery 1. ** Road and sidewalk restored ** - After the completion of the pipe network construction, the road surface and sidewalk damaged during the construction process should be restored to the function and appearance before the construction.

The horizontal drainage pipes shall be connected with the horizontal drainage pipes by oblique three-way, oblique four-way or three-way and four-way along the water. To be specific, the connection between the horizontal sewage pipes should not be made with a straight three-way or a straight four-way, but with an inclined three-way or an inclined four-way or a straight three-way or a straight four-way. These connections could ensure the normal operation and drainage effect of the drainage pipeline.

The main pipe, main pipe, and branch pipe had different definition and functions in the water supply system. The following conclusions: The main pipe referred to the pipe section from the indoor main valve (or water meter) to the water supply standpipe. It was usually in the form of a standpipe, responsible for guiding water from the water source to various locations in the building. The main water supply line was usually the main water supply line in the system and could span multiple floors. The main pipe referred to the pipe section from the water source to the most unfavorable point. The most unfavorable point could be the farthest water distribution point or the highest water distribution point. The main pipe was usually in the form of a vertical pipe or a horizontal pipe, because it must have small pipes that were divided from other pipes. These small pipes were branch pipes. The function of the main pipe was to connect the pipe section of the household pipe and the branch pipe to carry out up and down transportation. The branch pipe was a water distribution pipe on the same floor, starting from the main pipe and ending at the water distribution valve of the faucet or sanitary ware. The branch pipe was usually a horizontal pipe that connected to sanitary ware or other water points. In summary, the main pipe, the main pipe, and the branch pipe have different meanings and functions in the water supply system. The main pipe was the main water supply line, the main pipe was the pipe section that connected the household pipe and the branch pipe to transport water up and down, and the branch pipe was the water distribution pipe on the same floor.

Condensed water from the air conditioner could be discharged and then connected to the rainwater pipe, but the two drainage systems could not be used together. If the air conditioner pipe was directly connected to the rainwater pipe, it might cause water to flow back when the rainwater pipe was blocked. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

Horizontal branch pipes and horizontal main pipes were two types of pipes in the drainage system of buildings. The horizontal branch pipe was a horizontal pipe section connecting the sewage collection device drain pipe and the vertical drainage pipe, and was used to send sewage from the sewage collection devices to the vertical drainage pipe. The horizontal branch pipe should have a certain slope to facilitate smooth drainage. The horizontal main pipe was a pipe section that connected several drainage vertical pipes to the discharge pipe, mainly to receive the drainage of the horizontal branch pipe. The connection point of the horizontal branch pipe and the horizontal main pipe has a certain distance from the bottom of the vertical drainage pipe to ensure the normal operation of the drainage system. The specific connection requirements could refer to the relevant specifications and design standards.

The difference between the UpPVP spiral pipe and the drainage pipe was that the UpPVP spiral pipe was a special type of drainage pipe with a noise reduction function. The inner wall was smooth, and the noise during drainage was low. The drainage pipe was an ordinary pipe with no noise reduction function. Therefore, the upvee spiral pipe could reduce noise during the drainage process, but the drainage pipe did not have this function.

The horizontal branch drainage pipe was different from the horizontal main drainage pipe. The horizontal branch pipe was a horizontal pipe with a water point, while the horizontal main pipe did not have a water point and only had a branch pipe.

When the horizontal drainage branch pipe is connected to the vertical pipe, different connection methods can be used. According to the Design Standard for Building Water and Waste Water, when the sanitary ware drainage pipe is vertically connected to the horizontal drainage pipe, a 90° inclined tee should be used. When the horizontal branch pipe is connected with the vertical pipe, it can adopt a three-way or four-way downstream pipe and a 45° inclined three-way or 45° inclined four-way pipe. In a special single-standpipe system, the horizontal branch pipe and the standpipe can be connected by special accessories. In addition, according to some provisions of the Building Water and Waste Design Code, when the drainage stand pipe is only equipped with a top vent pipe, the vertical distance between the lowest drainage horizontal branch pipe and the stand pipe bottom shall not be less than the specified distance. According to the Connection Design and Material Selection of Building Drainpipe Branch and Horizontal Main, when the drainage branch pipe on the upper layer of the horizontal main drainage pipe is connected to the horizontal main drainage pipe, it is recommended to use a 45° inclined tee to connect it from the top of the horizontal main drainage pipe. To sum up, when the horizontal drainage branch pipe is connected to the vertical pipe, different connection methods such as 90° inclined three-way, downstream three-way or downstream four-way, 45° inclined three-way or 45° inclined four-way can be used.

The sewer pipe connected to the rainwater pipe and turned the water around. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

The difference between the horizontal branch drainage pipe and the horizontal main drainage pipe was their function and connection method. The horizontal branch drainage pipe was a horizontal pipe section connected to the sanitary ware, usually connected vertically or diagonally to the main pipe. It was used to distribute water to different zones or floors and supply specific faucet or equipment through the horizontal branch pipe. The horizontal main pipe was the main pipe in the system, also known as the main pipe. It was usually in the basement or buried. It went from the water source to the most unfavorable point. The most unfavorable point was usually the farthest water distribution point or the water distribution point at the elevation. Therefore, the difference between the horizontal branch pipe and the horizontal main pipe was their function and location.