What are the drugs to fight the flu virus?The drugs that fight the flu virus can be divided into the following categories according to the mechanism of action:
1. ** Neuramidinase Inhibition **:
- ** Oseltamivir **: High level of biochemistry. More than 75% is rapidly converted into the active metabolism oseltamivir by the liver and/or intestine wall esterases, and is mainly secreted through the kidneys. It is suitable for adults and children. It can be used for the treatment of adults and children over the age of 1 and the prevention of adults and teenagers over the age of 13. The common adverse reactions were nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache. For adults with normal kidney function, the dosage was 75 milligrams per time, twice a day, for 5 days. For those with kidney deficiency, the dosage should be adjusted according to kidney function.
- ** Zanamivir **: Inhalation agent, suitable for people over the age of 7. Many studies have shown that it can shorten the time taken to relieve flu symptoms and reduce the use of antibiotics, but some studies have also shown that it may increase the occurrence of complications. There is a risk of causing bronchospasm and allergic reactions. It is not recommended for the treatment of flu in patients with respiratory diseases or potential respiratory diseases (such as asthma and chronic obstruction lung disease).
- ** Peramivir **: It is mainly digested by the kidneys, and the dosage of the drug needs to be adjusted according to the kidney function. For patients with non-severe flu without complications, 300 - 600 milligrams can be given as a single dose, and for hospitalized patients with flu, 300 - 600 milligrams per day (at least 5 days). Its efficacy in the treatment of seasonal flu was comparable to that of oseltamivir, and the common adverse reactions were diarrhea, neutrons decreased, and proteinuria.
2. ** Hemcoagulin Inhibition **:
- Abidol: It is a broad-spectrum non-hairpin class of anti-viral drugs, mainly in the liver and small intestine metabolism. Cyp3A4 is its main metabolism, through the dual mechanism of inhibition of virus reproduction and enhancement of human immune function to play an anti-viral effect. For adults, the dosage is 200 milligrams per time, three times per day, for five days. Pregnant women, lactational women, and patients with severe kidney incompetence should be used with caution. The safety of the drug in the elderly over 65 years old was not clear. The main adverse reactions were nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, and increased serum transminase.
3. ** DNA Polymerase Inhibition **:
- ** Mabaloxavir **: It mainly suppresses the acidic epoprotic endopeptin (cap-dependent endopeptin) necessary for the replication of the flu virus's genomes. It only needs to be administered once. It is suitable for patients aged 12 years or older who have contracted acute uncomplicated flu for less than 48 hours. Special groups such as the elderly, pregnant women, lactants, and young children have insufficient experience in using it, so it needs to be used with caution. Common adverse reactions included diarrhea, inflammation, nausea, sinusies, headache, etc. Serious adverse reactions included rash, edema, bloody diarrhea, abnormal behavior, hallucinations, etc.
- ** Favilavir **:(The document did not mention the specific usage in detail. It only mentioned that it was an R A Polymerase Inhibition).
In addition, Western medicine also had anti-viral drugs such as adamantane, and Chinese medicine anti-viral drugs included Four Seasons Anti-virus Mix, Anti-virus oral liquid, Lotus Qingwen capsule, Shuanghuanglian oral liquid, etc. If there is a secondary infection, you can use antibiotics such as cefluraxin, Penicillins, amoxicillins, Azithromycins, and roxithromycins, but antibiotics cannot directly fight the flu virus.
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