Experience in the Universal Course of the InfantThe kindergarten curriculum had many characteristics and values. The following were some of the experiences about the universal kindergarten curriculum:
* * 1. About the course content and objectives **
1. * * Comprehensiveness and Enlightenment **
- The kindergarten curriculum should cover health, language, society, science, art, and many other fields to lay the foundation for the comprehensive development of children. The content of these domains permeated each other and did not exist in isolation. For example, in the field of art, children could exercise fine hand movements (health field), and cooperating with small partners to create art could improve social skills (social field). Its goal was to enlighten, not to master knowledge and skills in depth, but to let children have a preliminary understanding and perception of the world and stimulate their interest in different things.
2. * * Age compatibility **
- Children of different ages (3 - 4 years old, 4 - 5 years old, 5 - 6 years old) have different levels of development in cognition, emotion, movement, etc. The curriculum content and goals should be adapted to them. For example, for children aged 3 - 4, they learned about natural things through simple observation and touch, such as recognizing leaves of different colors and shapes. For children aged 5 - 6, they could start to try simple scientific inquiry experiments, such as exploring the conditions needed for plant growth.
* * 2. Course implementation method **
1. * * Gamification **
- Games were a basic activity in the kindergarten curriculum. Combining lessons with games could greatly stimulate children's interest. Like the traditional three games, folk games, etc., they could all become carriers of education. In the game, children had a plot experience and could operate toys and game materials, which was in line with their cognitive characteristics. For example, in role-playing games, children could imitate the social roles of adults, thereby promoting the development of their social cognition and language skills.
2. * * The importance of regional activities **
- Regional activities give children the right to choose. Teachers create environments and put in materials according to educational goals and children's development level. Children can carry out independent learning activities according to their own wishes and abilities. In regional activities, children took the initiative to make their own choices, communicate with each other, and continue to develop. Teachers played the role of observer, recorder, organizer, and guide.
3. * * Practicing Operation **
- Children needed to learn by doing things. For example, in the field of science, children were allowed to operate experimental materials, observe the results of experiments, record, express, and communicate the process of experiments. This way, they could better understand the concepts of knowledge and experience the joy of learning. For example, it was more effective for children to plant plants themselves and observe the growth process of the plants than to simply explain them verbally.
* * 3. Course innovation and kindergarten features **
1. * * Creating courses and autonomous games **
- From the perspective of young children, more and more attention was paid to the generation of courses and autonomous games that focused on their interests and development needs. This required the teacher to keenly observe the child's interest points and then generate curriculum content based on these interest points. For example, if a child was interested in insects, the teacher could carry out a subject course on insects, including observing the appearance and living habits of insects.
2. * * Elementary course features **
- The kindergarten could develop a unique curriculum based on its own resources and characteristics. For example, some of the kindergarten's courses included 'creative art',' Orff Music 'and so on, forming their own characteristics. This would not only enrich the education format, but also improve the overall quality of education in the kindergarten.
* * IV. Problems and countermeasures in the implementation of the curriculum **
1. * * Impact of Teacher Quality **
- The comprehensive quality of teachers was crucial to the implementation of the curriculum. Teachers needed to understand the concept of the curriculum, master teaching methods, and have good observational skills. In some kindergarten, there might be problems in the growth of the teaching team. For example, some teachers lacked teacher qualifications, which might affect the effective implementation of the curriculum. Therefore, the kindergarten had to pay attention to the training and professional development of teachers.
2. * * The curriculum is systematic and standardized **
- The curriculum needed to be systematic and standardized. Some kindergarten courses were not systematic, standardized, and in-depth. For example, the provincial courses in the five fields were mainly designed, but the practicality and maneuverability were poor, and the kindergarten courses lacked characteristics. In the process of perfecting the curriculum, the kindergarten should pay attention to the comprehensive quality of the teachers, the specific implementation of the curriculum, and the basic characteristics of the children of each age to build a scientific and reasonable curriculum system.
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