High school biology light reaction dark reaction video lecture teachingThe following is a suggestion for the teaching content of the high school biological light reaction and dark reaction video lecture:
** 1. Light reaction part **
1. ** Opening Introduction **
- The importance of photosynthesis as a whole could be emphasized. It was the source of most biological energy and organic matter on Earth, and the light reaction was the critical initial stage of photosynthesis.
- Show some natural phenomena, such as green plants growing luxuriantly under the sun, etc., to arouse students 'interest and induce light reactions.
2. ** Light reaction site **
- Illustrate the structure of the plastids through animations or pictures, emphasizing the thylakoid membrane, and tell the students that this is where the light reaction takes place. It could be likened to a specialized "light energy conversion factory."
- The thylakoid membrane had important substances such as photosynthesis, which were the key factors for the light reaction.
3. ** Light reaction conditions **
- It was clearly stated that the light reaction required light, photosynthesizing dye, and the three main conditions for the reaction.
- As for light, explain the effects of light of different wave-lengths on photosynthesis, and show the absorption spectrum of the photosynthesizing dye, indicating that the main absorption of the red light and blue-purple light by the chopstick.
- As for the photosynthesizing dye, the structural characteristics and functional differences of the two could be described in detail. For example, the light energy absorbed by the dye could be converted into energy, while the light energy absorbed by the dye could be converted into energy. Caroteroids could help to absorb light energy and protect the dye.
- Mentioning the role of the catalyst, he emphasized the high efficiency and specialty of the biochemical reaction. In the light reaction, the catalyst played a role in promoting the transformation of various substances.
4. ** Light reaction, substance change **
- The photodecomposition process of water was shown in an animated form. Water was decomposed into oxygen, hydrogen ions (H) and electrons (e) under the action of light energy and microorganisms. It was emphasized that oxygen was an important product of the light reaction and would be released into the external environment.
- Then, it showed the process of hydrogen ions forming a photon concentration grads in the thylakoid cavity, driving AAD and Pi to synthesize ATP. This process emphasized the conversion of energy, that is, the conversion of light energy into chemical energy stored in ATP.
- At the same time, it showed the process of hydrogen ions combining with NRIDP2 to form NRIDPM ([H]) outside the thylakoid body. It explained that NRIDPM was also a substance that carried energy, and it had reducing properties, which would play an important role in the dark reaction.
5. ** Light reaction energy change **
- The energy change in the light reaction was summarized. After the light energy was absorbed by the photosynthesizing dye, it was converted into chemical energy in the form of bound bound This process could be represented by a diagram of energy flow, starting from light energy and flowing to the chemical energy of Ang P and Ang P.
** 2. Dark reaction part **
1. ** Dark reaction site **
- He showed a picture of the structure of the plastids and pointed out that the place where the dark reaction occurred was the plastids matrix, which was different from the thylakoid membrane where the light reaction occurred. It could be likened to a "chemical synthesis workshop."
- It was emphasized that although the dark reaction had the word "dark" in its name, it did not mean that it could only be carried out in the dark. As long as there was a light reaction to provide substances such as Ang, Phosphatease, and carbon dioxide, it could also be carried out normally under light conditions.
2. ** Dark Reaction Condition **
- The main emphasis was on the need for ATP-Na, ADMPH, carbon dioxide, and a variety of membranes.
- It explained that Ang-2 and Ang-3 were energy and reducing agents provided by the light reaction, carbon dioxide was the raw material for the dark reaction, and the protein was used to catalyze the various chemical reaction steps in the dark reaction.
3. ** Dark Reaction Matter Change **
- Illustrate the Calvin Cycle process with an animation. The first step was to fix carbon dioxide. Under the catalyst of the catalyst, carbon dioxide combined with a five-carbon compound (C5, RuBG) to form two three-carbon compounds (C3).
- Then, the reduction process of C3 was demonstrated. C3 was reduced to organic substances such as sugar (CH <anno data-annotation-id ="0000004 - 4444 - 4444-a888 - 8888888888844"> O </anno>) with the energy provided by ATP-bound and the hydrogen provided by ADMPH. At the same time, some C3 was regenerated into C5 after a series of changes. It was emphasized that this was a circular process, and the regeneration of C5 ensured the continuation of the dark reaction.
4. ** Dark reaction energy change **
- This meant that the energy change in the dark reaction was the conversion of chemical energy in the ATPs into chemical energy in the organic matter. In this process, the energy was stored for plant growth, development, and other life activities.
** 3. The relationship between light reaction and dark reaction **
1. ** Material Connection **
- Make a table or chart to compare the material changes in the light reaction and the dark reaction, and clearly indicate that the light reaction provides the dark reaction with ATP-P, and the dark reaction provides the light reaction with AADP-P, Pi, and ADP-P.
- For example, arrows were used to indicate the direction of the flow of matter. The arrows of Ang, Ang, and Ang were used to indicate the flow of matter from the light reaction to the dark reaction, and the arrows of Ang, Ang, and Ang.
2. ** Energy connection **
- Once again, the light reaction converted light energy into chemical energy (the chemical energy in the form of ATPs and ADPs), and the dark reaction used this chemical energy to synthesize organic matter and store energy. The two formed a continuous process of energy transfer and conversion.
- This connection could be visualized using a diagram of energy flow. It started with light energy, converted into chemical energy through light reactions, and then stored in organic matter through dark reactions.
** 4. Summing Up and Consolidating Practice **
1. ** Summing Up **
- The location, conditions, material changes, and energy changes of the light reaction and dark reaction were summarized in a comprehensive manner. The characteristics and connections of the two reactions were summarized in concise language.
- Students could review and construct a process diagram of the light and dark reactions in their minds. Then, they could be asked to describe the process to test the student's mastery.
2. ** Consolidating Practice **
- Give some practice questions related to light and dark reactions. For example, when the light is suddenly stopped or the carbon dioxide supply is suddenly stopped, how will the content of substances in the light and dark reactions (such as C3, C5, Ang, ADPM, etc.) change? Ask the students to analyze the reasons.
- Some practical experimental phenomena could be given, such as measuring the amount of oxygen released and carbon dioxide absorbed by plants under different light intensity, so that students could judge the progress of light and dark reactions.
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What is the connection and difference between light reaction and dark reaction in biology high school?The difference between light and dark reactions was as follows:
- In terms of location, the light reaction occurred on the thylakoid membrane of the plastids, while the dark reaction occurred in the stroma of the plastids, and part of the process ended in the plastids.
- In terms of conditions, the light reaction required light, vitamins, and other colors and zymes; the dark reaction required a variety of related zymes, but did not require light.
- In terms of material changes, the light reaction occurs in the photodecomposition of water and the formation of ATPs; the dark reaction occurs in the fixing of CO2 and the reduction of C compounds.
- In terms of energy change, in the light reaction, light energy is converted into active chemical energy in the ATP-based energy conversion process, and the energy conversion process is light energy-electric energy-active chemical energy; in the dark reaction, the active chemical energy in the ATP-based energy conversion process is stable chemical energy in the (CH ^O)-based energy conversion process.
- In terms of reaction time, the light reaction took place in a short time, measured in microseconds, while the dark reaction took place slowly.
The relationship between light and dark reactions was as follows:
- The light reaction product [H] was the reducing agent of the carbon dioxide in the dark reaction, and the dark reaction was powered by the ATP.
- The dark reaction produced AAD and Pi, which provided the raw materials for the light reaction to form ATP.
- The normal operation of the dark reaction requires the [H] and the [ATP1] provided by the light reaction, in addition to the external conditions (such as carbon dioxide and suitable temperature). The dark reaction could be carried out with or without light. If the light reaction stopped, the dark reaction could continue for a period of time, but not for a long time. If the dark reaction was blocked, the light reaction would not be able to proceed normally due to the accumulation of products. The two were mutually restricted and closely related.
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