How many lines are there in the original text of the song of eternal regret
Song of Everlasting Sorrow had a total of 120 lines. The novel "Song of Everlasting Sorrow: Morning and Evening" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
The original text of the poem, the song of eternal regret
Song of Everlasting Regret was a poem written by Bai Juyi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The following is the original poem of Song of Everlasting Sorrow: The emperor of the Han Dynasty valued beauty and wanted to destroy the country. He had been in the imperial palace for many years and could not find it. The Yang family had a daughter who had just grown up and was raised in a boudoir. No one knew her. A natural beauty is hard to give up, and once she is chosen to be beside the king. Looking back at her, she smiled and gave birth to a hundred beauties. The six palaces had no color. In the cold spring, he was given a bath in Huaqing Pool, and the hot spring water flowed smoothly to wash the coagulated fat. The servant helped her up, but she was too weak to do so. This was the time when she had just received grace. Cloud hair, flowers, gold steps shake, hibiscus tent warm spring night. Spring nights are short and the sun rises high. From then on, kings don't go to court early. There is no leisure time to entertain guests, spring from spring outing night to night. There were 3,000 beauties in the harem, and 3,000 people were doted on. In the golden house she make-up into a delicate servant at night, in the jade tower banquet drunk and spring. Sisters and brothers are listed in the land, and the poor glory is born in the door. Therefore, the hearts of parents in the world are not born again, but born again. Li Palace high into the blue clouds, fairy music blowing everywhere. Slow singing and slow dancing, condensed silk and bamboo, all day long the king can not see enough. The drums of the fisherman's sun shook the earth, breaking the song of the rainbow dress and feather dress. Smoke and dust rose from the nine watchtowers, and thousands of chariots and horses marched southwest. Cuihua swayed and stopped, more than a hundred miles west of the capital gate. The six armies could not do anything but turn around and die in front of their horses. I hope it will be helpful to you!
What are the classic lines of the song of eternal regret?
There was a classic line in Song of Everlasting Sorrow: " Looking back and smiling, a hundred charms are born, and the six palaces are colorless." Yang Guifei's beauty overshadowed the concubines of the six palaces. It reflected Yang Guifei's bearing and her close relationship with the emperor. He wrote down Yang Guifei's special favor: " Life and death have been separated for many years, and the soul has never come to dream." It was to express Emperor Xuanzong's longing for Concubine Yang." The water of Shu River is green, and the mountain is green. The Holy Lord is in love day and night." It was said that Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was moved by the scene and missed Yang Guifei." But the heart of the teacher is as strong as gold. Heaven and earth will meet again." "When the peach and plum flowers bloom in the spring breeze, and when the leaves of the parasol tree fall in the autumn rain." With the scenery of spring and autumn, he felt sad. She described her fruitless search as: " Her face is lonely and her tears are dry. A pear flower is raining in spring." He described Yang Guifei's sad and tearful state: " As time goes by, this hatred will never end." He wrote about the endless hatred between Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. The novel "Song of Everlasting Sorrow: Morning and Evening" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
The full text of the song of eternal regret
The Song of Everlasting Regret was a long narrative poem written by the great poet Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty. It described the love story between Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. The following is the full text of the Song of Everlasting Regret: Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei Yang Guifei, the most favored of the six palaces Her natural beauty could topple a country. Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty loved her dearly He held her in his hands like a pearl. But Yang Guifei likes to dance with other men Emperor Xuanzong warned her many times However, she turned a deaf ear and did not change. In the end, Emperor Xuanzong's love was taken away by other women Yang Guifei felt extremely lost He committed suicide in grief. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was deeply saddened Mourning for Yang Guifei And built her a garden And wrote this song of eternal regret To commemorate their love story.
The original recitation of the song of eternal regret
Bai Juyi's " Song of Everlasting Regret " had many versions of recitals, including recitals from albums such as " The Reader " and " Reading Classic Ancient Chinese Poetry." These recitals can be listened to and downloaded for free on the Internet. The specific recitation content could be found in the relevant album.
The original singer of the song of eternal regret
There were many different versions of Song of Everlasting Sorrow. The oratorio " Song of Everlasting Regret " created by Huang Zi did not mention any information about the original singer. The song " Song of Everlasting Regret " sung by Ke Jierui was originally sung by Ke Jierui. The song " Song of Everlasting Regret " composed by Chen Jia and Ma Zimu and composed by Shasta also did not have any information about the original singer. The novel "Song of Everlasting Sorrow: Morning and Evening" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
The full text and thoughts of the song of eternal regret
Song of Everlasting Sorrow was a long narrative love story written by Bai Juyi, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty. It told the love story between Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty and Concubine Yang, as well as a series of political struggles and tragedies that were caused by it. The novel used the love story of Emperor Tang Ming and Yang Guifei as the main line, interweaving the political struggle between Emperor Tang Ming and the prime ministers, depicting the political corruption at the end of the Tang Dynasty and the dark reality in the palace. Through the love story between Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei, the novel expressed the contradiction between love and power, and also reflected the greed and selfishness of human nature. The title of the novel was "Everlasting Regret", which expressed the tragic ending of the love between Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. In the novel, the love between Emperor Xuanzong and Yang Guifei was described as beautiful, but it was destroyed by political struggles and conflicts of interest in the palace. The two of them could only end their love in a tragic way. Song of Everlasting Sorrow was a novel with deep emotions and strong thoughts. Through the love story between Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei, it deeply reflected the political corruption and the dark reality in the court at the end of the Tang Dynasty. At the same time, it also expressed the contradiction between love and power.
The meaning of the full text of the song of eternal regret
Song of Everlasting Sorrow can be divided into four parts. The first part described the love Emperor Xuanzong had for Yang Guifei. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty loved beauty and had been looking for beautiful women for many years. The daughter of the Yang family was naturally beautiful and was chosen to enter the palace. Her beauty overshadowed the six palaces. After she entered the palace, she was doted on. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty indulged in her love and did not even hold the morning court. The Yang family was also honored because of her, causing all parents in the world to change their minds and hope to have a daughter. The second part described the outbreak of the An Lushan Rebellion, which broke the enjoyment of life in the palace. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled in panic with Yang Guifei and others. When they reached Mawei Slope, the army rebelled. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty had no choice but to give Yang Guifei the death penalty. The third part described the death of Yang Guifei and the grief of Emperor Xuanzong. When he returned to the palace, he saw that Chi Yuan, where he had once lived with Noble Consort Yang, was still the same, but the people had changed. He often saw things and thought of people. In loneliness and loneliness, he felt sad for the moon. Whether it was the peach blossoms in spring or the fallen leaves of the parasol tree in autumn, it could trigger his grief. At night, he could not sleep alone. The fourth part was about Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, who was unable to let go of the death of Yang Guifei and sent alchemists to search for her soul. The necromancer found Concubine Yang on the celestial mountain above the sea. She asked the necromancer to bring back an old thing to express her affection. The oath they had made in the Temple of Immortals was also mentioned, showing endless sorrow of the separation between heaven and earth and life and death." As long as heaven and earth last, there will be an end. This hatred will never end." The novel "Song of Everlasting Sorrow: Morning and Evening" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Song of Everlasting Regret, the whole original text
The original Song of Everlasting Regret was as follows: The emperor of the Han Dynasty valued beauty and wanted to destroy the country. He had been in the imperial palace for many years and could not find it. The Yang family had a daughter who had just grown up and was raised in a boudoir. No one knew her. A natural beauty is hard to give up, once chosen to be beside the king. Looking back at her, she smiled and gave birth to a hundred beauties. The six palaces had no color. In the cold spring, he was given a bath in Huaqing Pool, and the hot spring water flowed smoothly to wash the coagulated fat. The servant helped her up, but she was too weak to do so. This was the time when she had just received grace. Cloud hair, flowers, gold steps shake, hibiscus tent warm spring night. Spring nights are short and the sun rises high. From then on, kings don't go to court early. There is no leisure time to entertain guests, spring from spring outing night to night. There were 3,000 beauties in the harem, and 3,000 people were doted on. In the golden house she make-up into a delicate servant at night, in the jade tower banquet drunk and spring. Sisters and brothers are listed in the land, and the poor glory is born in the door. Therefore, the hearts of parents in the world are not born again, but born again. Li Palace high into the blue clouds, fairy music blowing everywhere. Slow singing and slow dancing, condensed silk and bamboo, all day long the king can not see enough. The drums of the fisherman's sun shook the earth, breaking the song of the rainbow dress and feather dress. Smoke and dust rose from the nine watchtowers, and thousands of chariots and horses marched southwest. Cuihua swayed and stopped, more than a hundred miles west of the capital gate. The six armies could not do anything but turn around and die in front of their horses. The mother-of-pearl fell to the ground and no one collected it, and the jade hairpin was decorated with golden sparrows. The king covered his face and could not save him. He looked back and saw blood and tears flowing. The yellow dust scattered in the wind, and the cloud stack lingered on the Sword Pavilion. At the foot of Mount Emei, few people walked. The flags were dim and the sun was thin. The water of the Shu River is green and clear, and the mountains are clear. The Lord is in love day and night. The palace saw the moon sad face, night rain heard the sound of the bell heartbroken. Heaven and earth spin back to the dragon ride, here hesitant can not go.
Song of Everlasting Regret Original Text Pinyin
Song of Everlasting Sorrow's Pinyin annotation is as follows: chánɡ hèn ɡē Song of Everlasting Regret bái jū yì Bai Juyi hàn huánɡ zhònɡ sè sī qīnɡ ɡuó ，yù yǔ duō nián qiú bù dé 。 The emperor of the Han Dynasty valued beauty and wanted to overthrow the country. He could not find a house for many years. yánɡ jiā yǒu nǚ chū zhǎnɡ chénɡ ，yǎnɡ zài shēn ɡuī rén wèi shí 。 There was a daughter in the Yang family who had just grown up and was raised in a deep boudoir. No one knew her. tiān shēnɡ lì zhì nán zì qì ，yì zhāo xuǎn zài jūn wánɡ cè 。 She was born beautiful and difficult to give up. She was chosen to be beside the king in a dynasty. huí móu yí xiào bǎi mèi shēnɡ ，liù ɡōnɡ fěn dài wú yán sè 。 Looking back at her, she smiled and gave birth to a hundred beauties. The six palaces were pink and black without color. chūn hán cì yù huá qīnɡ chí ， wēn quán shuǐ huá xǐ nínɡ zhī 。 In the cold of spring, he was given a bath in Huaqing Pool, and the warm spring water was smooth and sticky. shì ér fú qǐ jiāo wú lì ，shǐ shì xīn chénɡ ēn zé shí 。 The servant helped her up, but she was too weak to do so. This was the time when she had just received grace. yún bìn huā yán jīn bù yáo ，fú rónɡ zhànɡ nuǎn dù chūn xiāo 。 The golden steps of the cloud hair and flower face shake, and the curtain of Fu Rong is warm for the spring night. chūn xiāo kǔ duǎn rì ɡāo qǐ ，cónɡ cǐ jūn wánɡ bù zǎo cháo 。 Spring nights are short and the sun rises high. From then on, kings don't go to court early. chénɡ huān shì yàn wú xián xiá ，chūn cónɡ chūn yóu yè zhuān yè 。 There is no leisure time to enjoy the banquet, spring from spring to spring night tour. hòu ɡōnɡ jiā lì sān qiān rén ，sān qiān chǒnɡ ài zài yī shēn 。 There were 3,000 beauties in the harem, and 3,000 people were doted on. jīn wū zhuānɡ chénɡ jiāo shì yè ，yù lóu yàn bà zuì hé chūn 。 In the golden house she make-up into a delicate servant at night, in the jade tower banquet drunk and spring. zǐ mèi dì xiōnɡ jiē liè tǔ ，kě lián ɡuānɡ cǎi shēnɡ mén hù 。 Sisters and brothers are listed in the land, and the poor glory is born in the door. suí lìnɡ tiān xià fù mǔ xīn ，bù zhònɡ shēnɡ nán zhònɡ shēnɡ nǚ 。 Therefore, the hearts of parents in the world are not heavy on giving birth to boys but heavy on giving birth to girls. jūn wánɡ yǎn miàn jiù bù dé ，huí kàn xuè lèi xiānɡ huò liú 。 The king covered his face and could not save him. He looked back and saw blood and tears flowing. lí ɡōnɡ ɡāo chù rù qīnɡ yún ，xiān yuè fēnɡ piāo chù chù wén 。 Li Palace high into the blue clouds, fairy music wind blowing everywhere. huánɡ āi sǎn màn fēnɡ xiāo suǒ ，yún zhàn yínɡ yú dēnɡ jiàn ɡé 。 The yellow dust is scattered in the wind, and the clouds are winding around the sword pavilion. huǎn ɡē màn wǔ nínɡ sī zhú ，jìn rì jūn wánɡ kàn bù zú 。 Slow singing and slow dancing, condensed silk and bamboo, all day long the king can not see enough. yú yánɡ pí ɡǔ dònɡ dì lái ，jīnɡ pò ní chánɡ yǔ yī qǔ 。 Fisherman's drum shook the earth, startled to break the song of the rainbow dress and feather dress. jiǔ chónɡ chénɡ què yān chén shēnɡ ，qiān shènɡ wàn jì xī nán xínɡ 。 Smoke and dust rose from the nine watchtowers, and thousands of chariots and horses marched southwest. cuì huá yáo yáo xínɡ fù zhǐ ，xī chū dōu mén bǎi yú lǐ 。 Cuihua swayed and stopped, more than a hundred miles west of the capital gate. liù jūn bù fā wú nài hé ，wǎn zhuǎn é méi mǎ qián sǐ 。 The six armies could not do anything, but Wan turned to the moth eyebrow horse and died. huā diàn wěi dì wú rén shōu ，mǎ wéi pō xià ní tǔ zhōnɡ 。 The mother-of-pearl fell to the ground and no one collected it. It was buried in the mud under the slope of Mawei Mountain. cuì qiào jīn què yù sāo tóu ，jūn wánɡ yǎn miàn jiù bù dé 。 Cui Qiao gold sparrow jade hair, Jun Wang cover face can not save. huí kàn xuè lèi xiānɡ huò liú ，huánɡ āi sǎn màn fēnɡ xiāo suǒ 。 Looking back, blood and tears flow together, yellow dust scattered in the wind. yún zhàn yínɡ yú dēnɡ jiàn ɡé ，é méi shān xià shǎo rén xínɡ 。 Cloud stack winding up the Sword Pavilion, Emei Mountain foot few people walk. jīnɡ qí wú ɡuānɡ rì sè báo ，shǔ jiānɡ shuǐ bì shǔ shān qīnɡ 。 The flags are dim and the sun is thin. The water of Shu River is green and the mountains of Shu are green. shènɡ zhǔ zhāo zhāo mù mù qínɡ ，xínɡ ɡōnɡ jiàn yuè shānɡ xīn sè 。 The Lord's love for him day and night, when he walked in the palace to see the moon, his heart was sad. yè yǔ wén línɡ chánɡ duàn shēnɡ ，tiān xuán dì zhuǎn huí lónɡ yù 。 The night rain heard the sound of the bell, and the sky turned back to the dragon. dào cǐ chóu chú bù nénɡ qù ，mǎ wéi pō xià ní tǔ zhōnɡ 。 At this point, I hesitated and couldn't leave. I was buried in the mud at the foot of Mawei Slope. bù jiàn yù yán kōng sǐ chù ，jūn chén xiānɡ ɡù jìn zhān yī 。 I can't see the place where the jade face is empty, and the monarch and his subjects look at each other and get wet. dōng wàng dōu mén xìn mǎ ɡuī ，ɡuī lái chí yuàn jiē yī jiù 。 Looking east at the capital gate, I believe that the horse will return. When I return, the pool and garden will be the same as before. He was like a willow on his face and an eyebrow. Taiye hibiscus, Weiyang willow, Fu Rong like face, willow like eyebrows. duì cǐ rú hé bù lèi chuí ？ How can I not shed tears for this? chūn fēnɡ táo lǐ huā kāi rì ，qiū yǔ wú tónɡ yè luò shí 。 Peach and plum blossoms bloom in the spring breeze, and the leaves of the parasol tree fall in the autumn rain. xī ɡōnɡ nán nèi duō qiū cǎo ，luò yè mǎn jiē hónɡ bù sǎo 。 There are many autumn grasses in the south of the West Palace, and the fallen leaves on the steps are red and not swept away. lí yuán dì zǐ bái fā xīn ，jiāo fánɡ ā jiān qīnɡ é lǎo 。 The disciples of the pear garden have new white hair, and the green E of the supervisor of the pepper house is old. xī diàn yínɡ fēi sī qiāo rán ，ɡū dēnɡ tiāo jìn wèi chénɡ mián 。 In the evening hall fireflies fly and think quietly, and the lonely lamp is picked up and cannot sleep. chí chí zhōnɡ ɡǔ chū chánɡ yè ，ɡěnɡ ɡěnɡ xīnɡ hé yù shǔ tiān 。 The bell and drum are late, and the night is long. Geng Geng Xing River is about to dawn. yuān yānɡ wǎ lěnɡ shuānɡ huá zhònɡ ，fěi cuì qīn hán shuí yǔ ɡònɡ ？ Mandarin duck tile cold frost heavy, jade quilt cold who to share? yōu yōu shēnɡ sǐ bié jīnɡ nián ，hún pò bù cénɡ lái rù mènɡ 。 Long life and death have been separated for many years, and the soul has never come to dream. lín qiónɡ dào shì hónɡ dū kè ，néng yǐ jīnɡ chénɡ zhì hún pò 。 Linqiong Taoist priest Hongdu guest, can use sincerity to attract the soul. wèi ɡǎn jūn wánɡ zhǎn zhuǎn sī ，suí jiào fānɡ shì yīn qín mì 。 In order to move the king's thoughts, he taught the local officials to look for him diligently. pái kōnɡ yù qì bēn rú diàn ，shēnɡ tiān rù dì qiú zhī biàn 。 The sky is empty and the qi runs like lightning. It goes up to the sky and down to the earth to search everywhere. shànɡ qiónɡ bì luò xià huánɡ quán ，liǎnɡ chù mánɡ mánɡ jiē bù jiàn 。 Up to the blue sky and down to the underworld, the two places are so vast that they cannot be seen. hū wén hǎi shànɡ yǒu xiān shān ，shān zài xū wú piāo miǎo jiān 。 Suddenly I heard that there was a fairy mountain on the sea, and the mountain was in the void. lóu ɡé línɡ lónɡ wǔ yún qǐ ，qí zhōnɡ chuò yuē duō xiān zǐ 。 The pavilion is exquisite and beautiful, and there are many immortals in it. zhōnɡ yǒu yī rén zì tài zhēn 。 There is a person in the middle of the word too true. xuě fū huā mào cēn cī shì 。 snow-white skin and flower-like appearance, uneven. jīn què xī xiānɡ kòu yù jiōnɡ 。 I knocked on the jade gate of the west chamber of the golden watchtower. zhuǎn jiào xiǎo yù bào shuānɡ chénɡ 。 He was transferred to Xiaoyu to report the results of the double success. wén dào hàn jiā tiān zǐ shǐ ，jiǔ huá zhànɡ lǐ mènɡ hún jīnɡ 。 I heard that the emperor of the Han Dynasty sent an envoy. I dreamed in Jiuhua tent that my soul was frightened. lǎn yī tuī zhěn qǐ pái huái 。 I pluck up my clothes, push my pillow, rise and wander. zhū bó yín pínɡ yǐ lǐ kāi 。 Beaded chaffs and silver screens spread out. yún bìn bàn piān xīn shuì jiào ，huā ɡuān bù zhěnɡ xià tánɡ lái 。 His hair was half-clouded, and he had just gone to bed. The crown of his flower was not neat. fēnɡ chuī xiān měi piāo yáo jǔ ，yóu sì ní chánɡ yǔ yī wǔ 。 The wind blew the fairy's sleeves and fluttered them, just like the dance of neon and feather clothes. yù rónɡ lónɡ mù lèi lán ɡān ，lí huā yī zhī chūn dài yǔ 。 Her face was pale and lonely, and her tears dried up. A pear flower in spring brought rain. hán xìn nínɡ dì xiè jūn wánɡ ，yī bié yīn rónɡ liǎnɡ miǎo mánɡ 。 I look at the king with affection, and the sound and appearance of parting are vague. zhāo yánɡ diàn lǐ ēn ài jué ，yú pénɡ lái ɡōnɡ zhōnɡ rì yuè chánɡ 。 In Zhaoyang Hall, love is cut off, and the sun and moon in Penglai Palace are long. huí tóu xià wàng rén huán chù ，bù jiàn chánɡ ān jiàn chén wù 。 Looking back down at the world, I saw no dust in Chang 'an. wèi jiānɡ jiù wù biǎo shēn qínɡ ，biàn hé jīn chāi ，jì jiānɡ qù 。 He took the old things to express his deep feelings, put them together with the gold hairpin, and sent them away. chāi liú yī ɡǔ hé yī shān ，chāi bō huánɡ jīn hé fēn diàn 。 The hairpin is left with a fan, and the gold hairpin is divided into mother-of-pearl. dàn lìnɡ xīn sì jīn ，diàn jiān tiān shànɡ rén jiān huì xiānɡ jiàn 。 As long as the heart is like gold, heaven and earth will meet in the hall. lín bié yīn qín zhònɡ jì cí ，cí zhōnɡ yǒu shì liǎnɡ xīn zhī 。 Before parting, he was diligent in remembering the words, and there were things in the words that both hearts knew. qī yuè qī rì chánɡ shēnɡ diàn ，yè bàn wú rén sī yǔ shí 。 On the seventh day of the seventh month, in the Temple of Immortals, when no one was whispering in the middle of the night. zài tiān yuàn zuò bǐ yì niǎo ，zài dì yuàn wéi lián lǐ zhī 。 In heaven, I wish to be a pair of lovebirds, on earth, I wish to be a pair of branches. tiān chánɡ dì jiǔ yǒu shí jìn ，cǐ hèn mián mián ，wú jué qī 。 Heaven and earth will last for a long time, and this regret will never end. The novel "Song of Everlasting Sorrow: Morning and Evening" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
The theme of the song of eternal regret
Song of Everlasting Sorrow was a long narrative poem written by Bai Juyi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. It mainly described the love tragedy between Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Concubine Yang, as well as Emperor Xuanzong's debauchery and Concubine Yang's unfortunate encounter. The main ideas include the following aspects: Love and power: In the Song of Everlasting Sorrow, the love between Emperor Xuanzong and Yang Guifei was suppressed by political power. In order to consolidate his position, Emperor Xuanzong doted on Yang Guifei's sister and even deposed her empress. This conflict between power and love reflected the darkness and cruelty of the court politics of the Tang Dynasty. 2. Human nature and social system: The shaping of the characters in the Song of Everlasting Sorrow deeply reflects the complexity of human nature. Different characters have different thoughts, emotions and behaviors. At the same time, the Song of Everlasting Regret also reflected the shortcomings of the social system of the Tang Dynasty, such as official corruption and aristocratic privileges. These conflicts between social systems and human nature led to the tragic fate of the characters in the Song of Everlasting Sorrow. 3. Self-transcendence and philosophy of life: The characters in the Song of Everlasting Regret are also full of philosophy of life. For example, Yang Guifei chose to commit suicide in despair to express her helplessness towards fate and despair towards love. At the same time, it also inspired people not to give up the opportunity to surpass themselves in the face of difficulties. In addition, after losing power and love, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty also deeply realized the meaning and value of life and showed the spirit of self-transcendence. To sum up, the theme of the Song of Everlasting Sorrow profoundly reflected the political, human nature and social system of the Tang Dynasty. At the same time, it also inspired people not to give up the opportunity to surpass themselves and recognize the meaning and value of life in the face of difficulties.