Based on context alone There were some problems with the medical devices operated by the pharmacy: ** 1. Personnel ** 1. ** Not enough professional knowledge ** - The employees did not have enough knowledge about the performance, scope of application, and operation methods of medical devices. For example, for some complicated household medical devices such as blood sugar meters and blood pressure monitors, if they could not accurately explain to the customer how to use them correctly, including the posture, time, and precautions during the measurement, it might cause the customer to use them incorrectly and affect the measurement results. - They lacked the understanding of the relevant regulations on medical devices, and were unclear about the classification management regulations of medical devices. They might violate the regulations in the aspects of purchasing and sales. 2. ** Training is not good ** - Some drugstores did not have a complete staff training system, and new employees did not receive systematic medical device knowledge training after they joined. Even if there was training, it might only be a simple product introduction, lacking in-depth technical and legal training content. ** 2. Quality Management ** 1. ** Storage conditions not up to standard ** - Different medical devices had different requirements for the storage environment. For example, some high-precision medical optical instruments needed to be stored under specific temperature, humidity, and dust-proof conditions. However, the storage facilities of some drugstores were simple and crude, and there was no temperature and humidity regulation equipment, which might affect the performance and lifespan of medical devices. - The storage layout of medical devices may not be reasonable. If they are not stored according to the classification requirements, it will easily cause confusion and be not conducive to management and search. 2. ** Difficulty in quality tracing ** - In the process of purchasing and selling medical devices, there was no complete quality tracing system. When there is a medical device quality problem, it is impossible to accurately trace the source, batch, sales destination and other information of the product, and it is difficult to take effective recall or treatment measures. ** 3. Market Competition ** 1. ** Price competition pressure ** - The competition between drugstores was fierce. In order to attract customers, the prices of medical equipment might be excessively lowered. This might cause some unscrupulous merchants to purchase lower-quality products to reduce costs or greatly reduce after-sales services. 2. ** Low Brand Awareness ** - Compared with well-known pharmaceutical brands, there were many brands of medical devices, and consumers 'awareness of their brands was relatively low. Pharmacists needed to spend more energy to increase customer trust in the product brand when promoting medical devices. ** 4. Regulations and policies ** 1. ** Difficult to enforce regulations ** - The regulations on medical devices were becoming increasingly strict, involving product registration, production license, business license, and many other aspects. Pharmacists needed to constantly adapt to the new regulations during their operations, but in actual practice, there might be situations where there was a deviation in understanding or inadequate implementation of the regulations. 2. ** Complicated license approval ** - The process of obtaining a medical device business license was complicated. A series of materials, including enterprise qualifications, personnel qualifications, quality management documents, etc., needed to be submitted. This might increase the operating cost and time cost for some small pharmacy. Read more exciting novels for free
Pharmacists should pay attention to the following contents and requirements when operating devices: ##1. Business conditions 1. ** Location and Storage Condition ** - The business site should match the business scale and business scope. The space should be sufficient and the layout should be reasonable, so as to facilitate the classified display and effective management of medical devices. - The storage conditions must strictly follow the specific requirements of medical devices, such as effective control of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and light, to ensure the stable quality of medical devices during storage. 2. ** Quality Management System ** - It is necessary to establish and improve the quality management system that is suitable for the medical devices it operates, and set up a special quality management organization or allocate professionals. ##2. Business Filing and Permitting 1. ** Filing Management of Class II Medical Device Trading ** - The filing authority is the prefecture-level city's drug administration department. However, according to the regulations of the drug administration department under the State Council, the safety and effectiveness of products that are not affected by the circulation process (such as electronic blood pressure monitors, condoms, etc.) are exempted from business filing. 2. ** Class III medical device license system ** - The approval authority is the prefecture-level city drug supervision department, and the approval period is 5 years. - Operating three types of medical devices had requirements for personnel, area, venue, and purchasing, sales, and storage software. The relevant departments would also carry out inspections, and only after passing the inspection could they issue a license to operate. - If the medical device registrar or filing entity manages the registered or filed medical devices and meets the business conditions, it is not necessary to apply for the medical device business license or filing. Some regions implemented reform measures, such as the reform of "one industry, one license". For enterprises that operated in multiple projects at the same time, they were issued a "Drug Business Certificate" according to the highest requirements of the drug business project and stated the relevant license items. ##3. Obligations of the operator 1. ** Quality Management System ** - In accordance with the laws and regulations, establish and improve the quality management system that is suitable for the medical devices under its jurisdiction, and ensure its effective operation. 2. ** Requirements for purchasing medical equipment ** - To purchase medical devices from legally qualified medical device applicants, filing entities, and manufacturing and distributing enterprises, and to check the qualifications of the supplier and the qualification certificates of the medical devices. 3. ** Recording System ** - A purchasing inspection record system shall be established. A sales record system shall be established for the wholesale of Class II and Class III medical devices and the retail of Class III medical devices. - The sales records shall be kept for 2 years after the expiration date of the medical device; if there is no expiration date, it shall not be less than 5 years; the sales records of implanted medical devices shall be kept permanently. The sales records include the name, model, specifications, registration certificate number or filing number, quantity, unit price, and amount of the medical device; the production batch number or serial number, service life or expiration date, and sales date of the medical device; the name of the medical device registrar, the filing entity, and the entrusted manufacturer, and the production license number or filing number. 4. ** Transportation and Storage Requirements ** - The transportation and storage of medical devices must comply with the requirements of the instructions for use and labels of medical devices. If there are special requirements for environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, corresponding measures should be taken to ensure the safety and effectiveness of medical devices. 5. ** Forbidden camp regulations ** - They are not allowed to distribute or use medical devices that have not been registered or filed according to law, have no qualification certificates, or have expired, ineffective, or eliminated medical devices. ##4. Other aspects 1. ** Quality Management Self-Inspection System ** - A quality management self-inspection system shall be established, and the self-inspection shall be carried out according to the requirements of the Good Manufacturing Practice for Medical Devices. The self-inspection report of the previous year shall be submitted to the local drug supervision and administration department at the county level before March 31 of each year. 2. ** Requirements related to sales (for Class III medical device retail business)** - For enterprises engaged in the retail business of Class III medical devices, their sales records should be true, accurate, complete and traceable. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Pharmacists could sell a variety of medical devices. The common types were as follows: 1. * * Devices for diagnosis **: - * * Thermometer **: Including mercury thermometer and electronic thermometer, used to measure the body temperature. - * * Blood pressure monitor **: It is divided into mercury blood pressure monitors and electronic blood pressure monitors. It is a commonly used device for measuring blood pressure at home. - * * Blood sugar meter **: Used for daily blood sugar monitoring of patients with diabetes. - Stethoscope: It is used to listen to the sounds of the heart, lungs, and other organs to assist the doctor in diagnosis. 2. * * Healing Equipment **: - * * Mist Inhaler **: Used to treat respiratory diseases. It can vaporize drugs into tiny particles for the patient to inhale. - * * Insulin-injection pen **: A tool for injecting the patient with diabetes with the advantages of accurate dosage and easy operation. - [Band-aids, bandages]: Used to treat minor scratches, cuts, and other wounds. It can stop bleeding and protect the wound. - [Pain Relieving Patches: contains medicinal ingredients that can relieve all kinds of pain, such as muscle pain and joint pain.] 3. * * Protective Equipment **: For example, medical masks and protective clothing, used to prevent the spread of diseases and protect medical personnel. In addition, according to the relevant regulations, the medical device business enterprises or retail pharmacy in Ha City only engaged in the business of electronic sphygmomanometer, skimmed cotton gauze, condoms, blood sugar test strips, pregnancy diagnosis test strips and other 13 varieties of medical devices. They only needed to obtain a business license to sell medical devices. They did not need to go through the medical device business record and could directly engage in business activities. These also belonged to the scope of medical devices that could be sold by the pharmacy. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
There were the following problems and precautions in pharmacy work: ** 1. Problems ** 1. ** Unreasonable sales tasks and commission system ** - There were cases where only high-commission drugs were promoted and the sales of low-commission or non-commission drugs were restricted. Selling low-commission drugs would even result in negative commissions and deduction of employees 'salaries. - The employees faced huge pressure from the sales task. If they were urged by the manager and the store manager every day, they had to explain the reasons for not completing the sales task at the meeting every week. 2. ** Protecting the rights and interests of employees ** - The employees worked overtime. They punched in at 7:30 every day and were still doing reports and conclusions at 11:00 p. m., and there were situations where they worked overtime unconditionally. - There were many kinds of fine regulations, and employees were easily fined, such as being fined 300 yuan in the last month. - The responsibility of the pharmacy was unreasonably shared with the employees. When problems such as inspections by the Food and Drug Administration and drugs with expected effect occurred, the boss would stay out of it, and the employees would bear all the responsibilities. - There was a phenomenon where the store manager forced the employees to buy the medicine themselves or asked the employees to call their relatives to buy it to complete the task. 3. ** Service related questions ** - The user's medical needs and service preparation status are not matched, and the pharmacy does not carry out corresponding service preparation according to the user's needs, which may cause the user to wait for too long. - The drugs were not standardized enough. The bulk drugs might have quality problems such as unqualified quality and inconsistent effects. There was a lack of a perfect drug quality control system. - The sales channels of drugs were not transparent, and the sales price, source, and indication conditions of drugs were not clearly stated, which easily led to illegal acts that harmed the rights and interests of users. - The lack of knowledge and training of pharmacists, the lack of professional knowledge and the low degree of popularity of pharmacists may lead to problems such as insufficient ability to distinguish the reasons for purchasing drugs and easy misunderstanding of formulas, which may threaten the safety of drugs. - The drug management system was not pragmatic. There were problems such as the rules and regulations were not comprehensive and detailed enough, and the quality of drug production was difficult to guarantee. It was difficult to provide safe and stable drug services. ** 2. Points to note ** 1. ** Medicine-related knowledge ** - It was necessary to clarify the definition of drugs, including Chinese herbal medicines, Chinese herbal slices, Chinese patent medicines, and many other types. It was used to prevent, treat, and diagnose human diseases. It was used to regulate human physiological functions with specific indications or functions, usage, and dosage. - There was a distinction between prescription drugs and over-the-counter drugs. The prescription drugs needed to be prescribed by the doctor and used under the guidance of medical staff. The over-the-counter drugs could be purchased by patients according to the instructions. Moreover, over-the-counter drugs were divided into Class A (red with white labels) and Class B (green with white labels, safer and could be sold in more places). - Understand the dosage form (such as tablets, capsules, and other different forms), dosage (including different units and usage shortcuts, as well as the concept of adverse reactions, toxic dose, and lethal dose that may be caused by excessive use), drug shelf life (the period of time to maintain qualified quality under specified storage conditions), and other knowledge. - Be clear about the limitations and warnings of drugs, such as the difference between caution, contraindication, and prohibition, as well as the concept of drug tolerance and drug resistance. - Master different times of taking medicine, such as before meals, after meals, before sleeping, and taking it in time, which are suitable for different types of medicine. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
It was true. Hengyang had a designated pharmacy for medical insurance. For example, the New People's Pharmacy, Shengmintang Pharmacy, Zhengbei Pharmacy, Nanguo Pharmacy, etc. were all designated hospitals for medical insurance in Hengyang. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
There was a designated pharmacy for medical insurance in Hengyang. For example, New People's Pharmacy was located at No.2 Chuanshan West Road; Shengsheng Pharmacy Zhengbei Store was located at No.8 Zhengxiang North Road, Hengyang City; Shengsheng Pharmacy Changsheng Middle Road Store was located at No.4 and No.5, Floor 1, Building 6, Changsheng Middle Road, Hengyang City; Shengsheng Pharmacy West Station Store was located at No.20 Jiefang West Road; Shigu District Qianfang Baiji Pharmacy Heping Store was located at No.1 Heping North Road, Shigu District, Hengyang City; Shengsheng Pharmacy Baisha Store was located at No.63 Huangbai Road, Hengyang City; Shengsheng Pharmacy Wuyi Store was located at No.20 Wuyi Road, Hengyang City; Min Sheng Tang Pharmacy Dongfeng Store is located at 27 Dongfeng Road, Jiangdong; Min Sheng Tang Pharmacy Yueping Store is located at 48 South Zhengyang Road, Yanfeng District, Hengyang City; Min Sheng Tang Pharmacy Chuanshan Store is located at 59 Chuanshan Road; People's Pharmacy is located at Zhengyang Road, etc. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
At present, there was not enough information to indicate whether the pharmacy sold medical oximeters and their specific prices. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
In Guangzhou, those who participated in the basic medical insurance for urban employees in Guangzhou City could use their medical insurance card to prepare drugs in designated retail drugstores and enjoy the corresponding medical insurance benefits. The pharmacy that was designated by the medical insurance did not need to be designated. As long as it was a pharmacy that could swipe the medical insurance card, it could be purchased and reimburse according to the regulations. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The medical insurance management system for retail pharmacy included the following aspects: 1. * * Principle of fixed-point management **: Focus on people's health, follow the principles of basic protection, fairness and justice, clear rights and responsibilities, and dynamic balance, strengthen the fine management of medical insurance, give full play to the vitality of the retail pharmacy market, and provide appropriate pharmaceutical services for the participants. 2. * * Management Department's responsibilities **: - The administrative department of medical security is responsible for formulating the fixed-point management policy of retail drugstores, supervising the medical security agencies and fixed-point retail drugstores in the aspects of fixed-point application, professional evaluation, negotiation, agreement conclusion, agreement implementation, agreement termination, etc. - The agency was responsible for determining the designated retail pharmacy, signing a medical insurance service agreement with the designated retail pharmacy, providing handling services, and carrying out the management and assessment of the medical insurance agreement. - The designated retail pharmacy shall abide by the medical insurance laws, regulations, rules and relevant policies, and provide pharmaceutical services to the participants in accordance with the regulations. 3. * * Determination of fixed-point retail pharmacy **: The regional medical security administrative department determines the resource allocation of the fixed-point retail pharmacy in the region based on public health needs, management service needs, medical security fund income and expenditure, and the medication needs of the participants. 4. * * Entry criteria (examples in some regions)**: - Generally, a copy of the pharmaceutical business license and business license, the certification materials that passed the GPS certification, the pharmacist registration certificate or qualification certificate and the original and copy of the labor relationship certificate with the retail pharmacy, the corresponding medical insurance management system and the list of drug business varieties, the list of medical insurance management personnel of the retail pharmacy, pharmacy employees and various professional technical personnel, etc. were required. - Comply with the Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China and relevant laws and regulations, have a sound and complete drug quality assurance system to ensure the safety, effectiveness and service quality of the drugs supplied; strictly implement the drug price policy stipulated by the state and the province, and pass the supervision and inspection of the price department; have the ability to supply the drugs for the basic medical insurance in a timely manner and provide services 24 hours a day. The business variety shall not be less than 90% of the drugs for the basic medical insurance of township employees; 100% pass rate of drug testing for two consecutive years, no violation of laws and regulations, no counterfeit medicine cases within the designated period; ensure that there is at least one pharmacist on duty during business hours, and the sales staff must be trained by the pharmaceutical business management department above the prefecture (city) level, and obtain the pharmaceutical business professional qualification certificate and health certificate issued by the relevant departments; strictly implement the relevant policies and regulations of the basic medical insurance system for township employees, and have a standardized internal management system. Different regions may have restrictions on turnover and distance. For example, Guangzhou has daily turnover requirements for different types of retail drugstores, Henan has distance restrictions, Shanghai stipulated that only one designated pharmacy for medical insurance can be set up on the same street, Hangzhou stipulated that existing designated medical institutions and designated drugstores cannot be added within 1000 meters, etc. 5. * * Medical insurance agreement management **: - We must strictly implement the management of medical insurance agreements, including strict access conditions for pharmacy retail medical insurance, further clarify the scope of use of medical insurance fund personal accounts, and strengthen the assessment and credit management of designated retail pharmacy agreements. - We should explore the establishment of a credit management system for the heads of retail stores in designated drugstores, and take corresponding credit management measures for the heads of retail stores with serious problems. 6. * * Cost Management and Supervision **: - We will continue to carry out intelligent monitoring, conduct a comprehensive and automatic review of the medical insurance settlement fees of designated retail drugstores, timely intercept illegal activities, and refuse to pay unreasonable medical insurance funds. - We should actively explore and promote the application of drug tracking codes in fund supervision, fundamentally avoid the second sale of medical insurance drugs, and put an end to the occurrence of reverse buying and selling medical insurance drugs. - The medical insurance department would increase the intensity of unannounced inspections, improve the effect of special rectifications (such as summarizing the characteristics of illegal behaviors, developing data screening models, cooperating with multiple departments to crack down on fraud and insurance fraud crimes, etc.), continue to carry out daily supervision, strengthen the application of technical means, and other measures to strengthen the supervision of the use of medical insurance funds in designated retail drugstores. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Jining Medical College had a postgraduate entrance examination related to pharmaceutics. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>