Ten Cultural Relics of the Song Dynasty
The following are some of the more famous cultural relics of the Song Dynasty: 1. ** Dingyao black partridges glazed spotted sunflower plate **: During the Northern Song Dynasty, the shape of the six-petal sunflower mouth was cut into round small corners, and shallow grooves could be seen between the sunflower petals. 19.7cm, estimated to be 6,000,000 - 8,000,000, sold at 14,500,000 (Sotheby's Hong Kong Autumn Auction 2017). 2. ** Southern Song Dynasty·Three Fish Painting **: The fish posture is beautiful, agile and natural, reflecting the restrained and implicit artistic conception of the Song Dynasty. There is water everywhere without seeing water. The artistic attainments are very high. 3. ** Gold-edged agate bowl **: It was discovered in 1972 by a farmer in Lai 'an County, Anhui Province, when he was building his own pigsty. It was unearthed from the tomb of Hu Muwei during the Southern Song Dynasty. The bowl was inlaid with gold edges and the bottom of the bowl was ringless. It was in the shape of a bowl. It was a national first-class cultural relic and is now stored in the Palace Museum in Beijing. 4. ** Jun kiln moon white glaze out of the halberd statue **: The Jun kiln porcelain works of the Song Dynasty. There are about 10 pieces of works handed down from generation to generation. They are collected in the Palace Museum and listed as the third batch of cultural relics that are prohibited from being displayed abroad. The line shape does not have stiff straight lines, angular folds, and large arcs. It is the leader of the porcelain in the past dynasties. 5. ** Snowy Painting of a Fishing Village **: This was created by Wang Shen. It is now stored in the Palace Museum and has the inscription of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty. The painting used white powder as snow, and the tree heads, reeds, mountain tops, and sand feet were slightly dyed with gold powder. It was also dyed with broken ink to show the first sunshine after the snow. This was Wang Shen's original method, which was a cultural relic that was prohibited from being displayed outside the country. 6. ** Cursive Thousand-Character Script **: A cursive work handed down by Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty. It is one of the top ten famous calligraphy pieces handed down in China and is known as "The Peerless Ink Treasure of the World." 7. ** Yao Bian Ban Jian Zhan **: It is now a national treasure of Japan, worth more than 700 kilograms of gold (according to the records of the Japanese "Juntai Temple Left and Right Zhang Ji" in 1511 AD). It is burned with luck. 8. ** Xin Qiji's Invitation to the Country **: A letter written by Xin Qiji to his colleagues in the second year of Chunxi of the Southern Song Dynasty (1175 AD). You can feel the golden spears and iron horses between the lines. It is now stored in the Palace Museum in Beijing and is a national first-class cultural relic. 9. ** Ruyao paper mallet vase **: Porcelain from the Northern Song Dynasty. 10. Ding kiln jade pot spring vase: Porcelain from the Northern Song Dynasty. However, there was no official name for the "Top Ten Cultural Relics of the Song Dynasty". These were just a few selected from many famous cultural relics of the Song Dynasty. Read more exciting novels for free
The cultural relics of the Song Dynasty
A narrow-sleeved rapier (M1: 174), a wide-sleeved rapier (M1: 175), and a narrow-sleeved rapier (M1: 173) were unearthed from the Song Tomb of Tiegai in Nanling, Anhui Province. Although there was no size data, there was a flat map of it. In addition, there was a piece of jade unearthed from a tomb of the Song Dynasty. The main material was Luo and so on. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Han Dynasty cultural relics
The cultural relics of the Han Dynasty were rich in content and of great significance. In terms of jade ware, the jade wall of the Han Dynasty was an important type of jade ware culture. It sprouted in the middle of the Neolith Age. After a long period of development, the status of jade became more prominent when the jade culture of the Han Dynasty was highly developed. Jade Bi could be divided into four categories and nine types according to its decorative patterns, and its functions could be divided into three categories and eleven types. Its functions included sacrifice, congratulations, betrothal gifts, gifts, contributions, treasures handed down from generation to generation, decorations, funerals, and so on. The Western Han Dynasty generally inherited the jade system of the Qin Dynasty and the Pre-Qin Dynasty and simplified it. The jade used in the ritual system was mainly Bi and Gui. The Eastern Han Dynasty inherited the system of the Western Han Dynasty. The emperor held the Gui Bi to worship heaven and earth, and used the jade Bi to betroth the queen. Judging from the cultural relics of the tombs, the tombs of the Han Dynasty in Hepu were of great significance. Among them, there were cultural relics such as the national treasure copper phoenix lamp, as well as the jade wall and copper warehouse of the Han Dynasty tomb in Huangnigang. The patterns and patterns on these cultural relics all contained specific meanings. For example, the bronze tripod was related to the social status and power of slaves. From some relics of the Han tombs in Hepu, traces of ancient beliefs such as fish and bird worship could be seen. The taotie pattern on the copper shop head also had its own unique meaning. In terms of daily necessities, the modern household style of the Pisces basin had the same style in the Han Dynasty, such as the copper washing of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the copper washing of the descendants of Jun Yi. There were counting tools like ivory, which appeared as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and was still in use in the Han Dynasty. It was used for more than 2000 years until it was replaced by the abacus in the 15th century. There were also fragments of Baqiao paper from the Western Han Dynasty, indicating that people had already begun to use paper as early as the Western Han Dynasty, about two centuries before Cai Lun made paper. In terms of metal craftsmanship, the Western Han gold monster unearthed in Shenmu County, Shaanxi Province, was made of gold and shaped like a collection of various animals. It was speculated to be the top decoration of the Xiongnu crown, representing the highest level of Xiongnu metal craftsmanship at that time. In addition, the stone carving replica of a horse stepping on a Xiongnu in front of Huo Qubing's tomb in Maoling, Shaanxi Province, is the earliest and best-preserved large-scale tomb stone carving art treasure in China, demonstrating Huo Qubing's military exploits. In terms of food culture, it could be seen from the special exhibition of food culture relics of the Han Dynasty in Xuzhou that the food culture of the Han Dynasty was an important part of Chinese traditional culture. The exhibition displayed four parts of cultural relics, such as pottery wells, pottery pig pen models, livestock models, cooking utensils, tableware, wine utensils, and stone portraits of the Han Dynasty, which reflected the social values, etiquette norms, aesthetic concepts, as well as the craftsmanship and life wisdom of the ancients. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Ming Dynasty cultural relics appraisal
Cultural relic identification was the work of using traditional methods or modern science and technology to analyze and identify the authenticity, texture, use, and value of cultural relics. It belonged to the category of cultural relics and museum studies. For the identification of cultural relics of the Ming Dynasty, one could generally use the methods of layering, typologies, and comparisons to distinguish the era of cultural relics. At the same time, modern technology could also use chemical composition analysis, neutron testing, and other technical means, combined with the experience of the appraiser to identify. In the process of identification, different types of cultural relics had different precautions. For example, when identifying Ming Dynasty porcelain, gloves were generally not needed, but one had to pay attention to the characteristics of the porcelain, such as the shape, decoration, body quality, glaze color, etc., and compare it with the known Ming Dynasty porcelain standards. The porcelain of the Ming Dynasty was rich and varied, with different popular styles in different periods. There were a wide range of decorative subjects, including figures, mountains and rivers, flowers and birds, etc. Its painting style and brush technique had certain characteristics of the times. The fine or rough degree of the body, the luster and texture of the glaze color could also reflect its authenticity and age. For the appraisal of Ming Dynasty paintings, because paper paintings were easy to be damaged by sweat on the hands, causing irreversible damage, gloves were usually needed during the appraisal. During the appraisal process, the brush and ink style of the painting, the texture of the paper, the seal, the inscription, and other elements had to be examined. The calligraphy and painting of the Ming Dynasty had its own unique style. Different painters had their own characteristics. The texture and production process of the paper reflected the characteristics of the times to a certain extent. The authenticity of the seal, the style of the seal, the content of the inscription and the style of calligraphy were also important basis for judging the authenticity and value of the calligraphy and painting. The identification of bronzes in the Ming Dynasty also needed to pay attention to their shapes, patterns, inscriptions, and so on. In terms of shape, bronzeware with different uses had specific specifications; the decorative patterns had distinct styles of the times. For example, the decorative patterns of bronzeware in the Ming Dynasty might be influenced by the social culture and aesthetic concepts of the time; the content of the inscriptions, the font, and the engraving and casting process were also key factors to identify authenticity and determine the age. However, there were many risks in the cultural relics and antiques industry. The relevant laws and regulations were not perfect, and they needed to be cautious when trading. The industry was mixed with good and bad people. There were cases of fraud and fake experts fishing in troubled waters. In order to avoid being scammed, it was ideal to choose a formal trading market, institution, or auction house to buy and sell. These places often had appraisal services that could reduce the risk of encountering fakes and fake experts. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Representative cultural relics of the Shang Dynasty
There were many representative cultural relics of the Shang Dynasty. The following are some famous cultural relics: Siyang Fangzun, Simu Wuding, Azhi Fangzun, Oracle Bone, Houmu Wuding, Fuhao Ivory Cup, Shang Dynasty Bronze Mirror, Fuhao Sanlian Cup, Big Jade Ge, Shang Dynasty Jade Deer, Shang Dynasty Moving You, and the cultural relics of the Shang Dynasty unearthed from the Sanxing Dui site.(For example, the square tripod with Dahe human face pattern, etc.), Shang Dynasty·Bronze Wei, Shang Dynasty·Bronze Hand-shaped Artifact, Shang Dynasty·Yachou Iron, Shang Dynasty·Double-faced God Bronze Head, Shang Dynasty·Fierce Tiger Man-eating You, Shang Beast Face Pattern Flat Body Tubular Cup, Shang Beast Face Pattern Bronze Ears, Shang Dynasty "Book-like" Bronze Turtle, as well as the lifting beam You unearthed from Qianzhang Great Ruins, etc. The novel "Gilded Palm" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Han Dynasty cultural relics collection
The following are some of the Han Dynasty cultural relics: - The cultural relics of the Han Dynasty in the tomb of Han Jixin were collected in the museum of the Han Dynasty iron smelting site in Guxing Zhengzhou City. - Jade pillows were commonly seen in the tombs of emperors, marquises, high-ranking nobles, and officials of the Han Dynasty. They were usually combined with other funeral jade articles. - The Moire Lacquer Tripod was a fine item among the funerary objects of the Han Tomb at Mawangdui. It was now stored in the Hunan Province Museum. - A jade dress with golden threads unearthed from the tomb of Liu Sheng, King Jing of Zhongshan. - A painted mirror with figures and chariots was unearthed in Hongmiaopo, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province in 1963. - The horn-shaped jade cups were in the National Palace Museum Taiwan Province Taiwan and the Nanyue King Museum in Guangzhou. - Han Dynasty pig-shaped jade grip, collected in Gongyi Museum. - The bronze callipers that were thought to be from the new dynasty but were often attributed to the Han Dynasty. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The cultural relics of the Qin Dynasty in Xianyang
The cultural relics of the Qin Dynasty in Xianyang were rich and varied, covering many types. In terms of architecture, the Qin Xianyang Palace site unearthed grinding stones, wall skin, floor, dragon-patterned hollow bricks, tiles, diamond-patterned square bricks, Mi-patterned square bricks, sun-patterned square bricks and other building components. Among them, the floor unearthed from the Qin Xianyang No.1 Palace site was very flat. There were also the remnants of the Water God Cavalry Phoenix Pattern Hollow Brick collected from the Qin Ruins. From the perspective of murals, the earliest imperial palace murals were unearthed from the ruins of the No.3 Palace in Xianyang of Qin Dynasty. They were 33.7 cm in width and 22.7 cm in length. The fragments of the murals included the contents of chariots and horses traveling, welcoming ceremonies, pavilion buildings, trees, flowers and plants, and decorative patterns, which provided physical evidence for the study of the early murals. In terms of weights and measures, there was the bronze imperial edict of Qin II. After Qin II succeeded to the throne, the imperial edict was engraved on the measuring instruments and weighing instruments engraved with the imperial edict of Qin Shi Huang. The imperial edict was 60 words. It was unearthed in 1982 at Changling Station in Weicheng District of Xianyang. The instrument should be inlaid or tied to other objects for use. There were also exquisite bronze, jade, and pottery. For example, the gold and silver bronze tripod was majestic and integrated with various crafts, representing the highest level of bronze ware production in the Qin Dynasty; the gilded dragon tiger pattern copper ornaments showed the exquisite skills and aesthetic taste of the craftsmen of the Qin Dynasty. In terms of terracotta figurines, there were horse-riding figurines from the Warring States Period. They were of various shapes, such as galloping horses, bending bows and arrows, reflecting the military situation at that time. There were also some cultural relics unearthed in Xianyang that reflected the social life at that time. For example, there were more than 1200 catties of cow bones in a pit site unearthed locally. These cow bones were processed into various exquisite living utensils, indicating that the living standards of the people in Xianyang City were relatively high at that time. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Extant cultural relics of the Qin Dynasty
The existing cultural relics of the Qin Dynasty include the bronze garlic pot of the Qin Dynasty, which is now collected in Xiangyang City; Gold and silver camels, copper flat pots inlaid with glazed glass, jade tripods, silver hounds, etc. unearthed from the tomb of Qin Shihuang; Nearly 30 pieces of Qin Dynasty cultural relics were exhibited in the Qin Dynasty Cultural Relics Appreciation Center of Lintong District Museum in Xi'an, including more than 10 national first-class cultural relics, including terracotta warriors such as "No.1 Figurine", two "short brown warrior terracotta warriors" and one "armored chariot left figurine"; Qin Liang, originally an old collection of the Palace Museum; There were also terracotta warriors, chariots, weapons, and 19 bronze swords unearthed from the terracotta warriors and horses of Qin Shihuang's mausoleum. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Song County Cultural Relics Protection
There were many cultural relics protected in Song County. Pugou Grotto is a cultural relic protection unit in Henan Province, located in Pugou Village, Tianhu Town, Song County. In 2008, Yi Yin Temple was identified as the fifth batch of cultural relics protection units in Henan Province. The hometown of Liang Cheng was a national key cultural relic protection unit (III-330), located in Cheng Village, Tianhu Town, Song County. Its stone workshop was built in the sixth year of Tianshun of Emperor Yingzong of Ming Dynasty (AD 1462). Lin Senqiao was announced as the third batch of cultural relics protection units in Luoyang City in 2007, and was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Henan Province in 2016. In addition, there were 650 immovable cultural relics in Song County. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Ten exquisite cultural relics
The following are ten exquisite cultural relics: 1. ** Vietnam's Gold-plated Thousand-handed Guan Yin Statue **: Made between the 18th and 19th centuries. The craftsmanship is exquisite and the carvings are exquisite. It reflects the peak of Vietnamese art at that time and is a symbol of the Vietnamese people's peace, compassion, and devout faith. 2. [** Syria brass astrolabe **: engraved with kufa script, unique assembly and dismantling design. It is an ancient astronomical tool that has witnessed human exploration of the universe.] 3. ** Maya Statue of Argentina **: Although the information is limited, it exudes mysterious charm and is an important clue to the study of the Mayan civilization. 4. ** Liao Dynasty Wood Carving Painted Water Moon Guanyin **: Beautiful in shape, showing the golden ratio, handsome face, brightly colored gold all over the body, powerful aura, known by Westerners as the most spectacular statue in China, now in the Nelson Museum of Art in the United States. 5. ** Ming bronze gilded double-bridge ear type Xuande style incense burner **: Round tripod style, straight mouth, neck, bulging belly, three milk feet, bridge ear at the mouth, gilded whole body,"Xuande" seal characters at the bottom of the ware, it is an imitation of Xuande furnace. 6. ** Qing Dynasty Daoguang imitation Chenghua style Doucai painting gold mountain residence collection box **: It is triangular in shape, straight mouth, straight wall, triangular circle foot, white glaze decoration, the outer wall is painted with Jiangnan landscape scenery, except for trees and people, there are gold decorations, the bottom of the ware is signed with "Chenghua Year System", it is an imitation of Ming Dynasty Chenghua years ware. 7. ** Qing Emperor Yongzheng imitation Ge glazed pomegranate statue **: narrow mouth, short neck, smooth shoulders, long round belly, flower mouth, circle foot, slightly tilted outside, the body has six concave lines, the inner and outer walls are covered with imitation Ge glaze, the mouth and foot edge are coated with sauce glaze, the outer bottom has the style of "Qing Emperor Yongzheng". 8. ** Western Zhou Dynasty's plate **: Unearthed in 2003 in Mei County, Baoji, Shaanxi Province, now in Baoji Bronze Museum, known as "China's first plate". It was 20.4 centimeters high and was a water container. There were 372 words inscribed on the bottom, which recorded the history of the Shan family's eight generations and mentioned 12 kings of Zhou. It verified the records in the Records of the Historian, Zhou Benji, which was of great significance to the study of the history of the Western Zhou Dynasty. 9. ** The gold mask of the Prince Consort of the Princess of the State of Chen in the Liao Dynasty **: Unearthed in Tongliao City in 1986, it is 20.5 cm long and weighs 184 grams. It is made of gold pieces. It reflects the funeral customs of the Liao Dynasty and the level of metal technology at that time. It provides material information for understanding the Khitan Dynasty. 10. ** Porcelain vase of the Yuan Dynasty, Xiao Heyue chasing Han Xin **: Unearthed in 1950 from the tomb of King Muying of Qianning of the Ming Dynasty in Nanjing, now in the Nanjing Museum. It is one of the three masterpieces of China porcelain. It is 44.1 cm high, with a small mouth and shoulders. It has a white body and white glaze, and the bottom is exposed. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Cultural Relics of the Qin Dynasty's Mausoleum
Qin Shihuang's mausoleum was a huge project that required a lot of manpower and time. Some readers called it the "Ancestral Mausoleum". Although the interior of the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang had not yet been excavated, from the ruins of the Qin terracotta warriors and horses found on the outside, it could be inferred that the internal cultural relics were very spectacular. There were some achievements in the archaeological excavation of the Qin Shihuang mausoleum: - The excavation work of the Great Burial Tomb (QLMC1) on the west side of the Qin Mausoleum continued. In 2021, the north tomb passage and two burial pits (P2 and P3) were excavated and restored indoors, and a large number of cultural relics were found. These included: - In terms of pottery, there were large cocoon-shaped pots, small cocoon-shaped pots, pottery granaries, pots, fou, lamps, etc., which had been repaired. There were 16 pottery lamps, 6 pottery granaries, and 7 pottery pots. There were words "South","Xian", and "Xianyang" on the pottery pieces. - The metals included gold and silver camels (the earliest single gold and silver camels seen in China, which were of great significance to the study of cultural exchanges between China and the West before the opening of the Silk Road in the Han Dynasty), copper flat pots inlaid with glass, deer-shaped copper pieces, small bronze figurines, as well as completely repaired gold dancing sleeve figurines, jade cauldrons, silver boxes, silver horse figurines, silver hounds, gilded copper shop heads, etc. In addition, according to historical records, it was speculated that the tomb of Qin Shihuang might have been buried with cultural relics such as the Tai 'a Sword (the sword of the State of Chu, collected by Qin Shihuang and buried with him after his death), the dagger that Jing Ke used to assassinate Qin (Jing Ke failed to assassinate the King of Qin, and the dagger might be buried with the King of Qin after it became a trophy of the King of Qin), and the white jade of the State of Chu (ancient jade). <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>