Ancient Jade
In ancient times, jadeite was a type of jade. The history of the use of jade in China could be traced back to the Paleolith period 600,000 years ago. At first, it was mostly made into labor tools, and in the middle of the Neoliths, it began to be viewed with appreciation. "Jade" was a broad concept. From a narrow perspective, it could be divided into "jadeite" and "nephrite." Jadeite was a typical jadeite. Its main chemical composition was aluminum metaorthoortho In the Qing Dynasty, jade was highly respected in the palace. During the Qianlong period, jadeite became a treasure of the palace from ordinary jade. Emperor Qianlong loved it so much that its value was a hundred times higher. Empress Dowager Cixi was also very fond of jade. She had jade products such as jade open-cut dragon hairpin. She used her power to collect many jade treasures, but many of them were missing or lost overseas. There were many types of jade products in the Qing Dynasty: 1. ** Ring **: Originally a hand guard, after the 17th century, it was developed into jewelry by the Manchu. For example, the jade ring unearthed from Li Lianying's tomb had different valuations from different dimensions. It might be priceless from the perspective of the history of the characters, but from the perspective of the jade material itself, although the quality was good, the seven-figure could basically be auctioned for a ring of similar or even better quality. Its attached value was higher than the actual value. 2. ** Court Beads **: A Qing Dynasty ceremonial dress accessory. There are a total of 108 beads, and a large bead is inserted into every 27 beads. There are four large beads in total. The Jade Dynasty Pearl was very precious. The complete one could only be seen in the Palace Museum. It had never been circulated in the international and domestic markets. 3. [Feather tube: A unique product of the Qing Dynasty. It was born with the reform of the crown system and is located under the crown pearl.] 4. [Saddle-ring: Since the Qing Dynasty, it was made to commemorate the heroes who rode horses to conquer the world. It was often worn on the ring finger.] 5. [Hairpin: There are many types of hairpins, including many shapes and patterns. Cixi's jade openwork coiled dragon hairpin is carved with dragon patterns, showing its supreme imperial power and status.] 6. ** Flower (Jade Pendant)**: Its patterns are rich in content and come in various forms. There are generally many types such as auspicious ones, longevity and blessings. 7. Comb: It is an ancient traditional China handicraft. The one with sparse teeth is called "comb", and the one with dense teeth is called "comb". There are many combs passed down from the Qing Dynasty and they basically maintain the shape of the Song Dynasty. 8. ** Smoke bottle **: Mainly used in the Qing Dynasty. Emerald green and partially dark, almost oval shape, slightly wide upper part, small mouth and thin neck, smooth surface without patterns. In the early Qing Dynasty, the square and round types were the main types, but in the later period, the shapes were changeable. The advantages and disadvantages were mostly judged by the material itself, and the decorative patterns and shapes were generally more concise. 9. ** Watch Bar **: There is often a gold buckle in the middle to tie the pocket watch, and sometimes there is a jade pendant at the bottom. The good jade watch bar is more precious than the pocket watch. The Palace Museum has a collection. 10. Dragon hook: It was a hook on clothes. One end was carved into a dragon's head, and the other end was carved into a whole dragon. It disappeared after the change of clothing. Read more exciting novels for free
Western Zhou Dynasty jade, ancient jade
Jade articles of the Western Zhou Dynasty were an important part of the development of ancient jade articles in China. There were many types of jade in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The following were some of the common types: - ** Jade Bi **: In the early days, there were many plain jade pieces. The edges were irregular and there were cutting marks and damages. The surface was thick inside and thin outside. There was a deep straight line cut, and the middle hole was single-sided. In the later period, there were decorative patterns such as dragon patterns, phoenix patterns, and cloud patterns carved by negative lines. The lines were softer and smoother than those of the Shang Dynasty, and the composition was more rigorous. - ** Jade Cong **: Most of the shapes are square pillars of different heights. The round hole in the center is larger, and the corners are straight and strong. Most of the surfaces are smooth without patterns. Very few of them are carved with bird patterns or other decorations on the four surfaces of the square body. - Gui: It was an important ritual vessel of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It was flat and rectangular, with an equinocratic triangle at the top. It was well-made and generally had no decorative patterns. - ** Huang **: Half-wall or fan-shaped, with holes on both ends. Other than the light element ones, the dragon patterns and phoenix patterns were usually carved with light dark lines. The lines were smooth and there were also some that were directly in the shape of animals, which was more vivid and unique. - ** Ge **: Most of them inherited the shape and characteristics of the Shang Dynasty Ge. There are also small and exquisitely made small jade Ge ornaments. Some are decorated with phoenix and divine beast (human) patterns. The design is ingenious and the shape is unique, increasing the sacred and noble atmosphere. - ** Handle-shaped ware **: flat body, different shapes and sizes, most of them are the same as the handle-shaped ware of the Shang Dynasty, a few of them have bird patterns and cloud patterns on the surface, and the end is inlaid with decorative objects made of turquoise and jade strips, which may have ceremonial or symbolic significance. - ** Jue **: Oblate round, shaped like a ring or a piece of jade but with a gap. It is a popular earring. Most of them are light and have no patterns. A few of them have phoenix patterns or dragon patterns carved by Yin lines. The lines are smooth and the craftsmanship is exquisite. - ** God, Man, and Beast Face Ornaments **: A flat embossed shape. The face is engraved with the style of the Shang Dynasty. The word "minister" is written on it. It has a cloud head and a nose. It wears a flat hat. There are curly horn-shaped ornaments on both sides of the head. The back is flat and smooth. There are holes under the neck. It may be inlaid jewelry. - ** Dragon **: Its shape is basically similar to the dragon of the Shang Dynasty. There are many pieces. The decorative lines have become smooth and smooth from the square folding of the Shang Dynasty. In the later period, the dragon body is thin and long. The carving of the horns is not obvious and even becomes cloud-shaped ears. The word "minister" is gradually replaced by round eyes. - ** Bird **: flat cuboid, mostly with circles as eyes, short horns on the top of the head, wide mouth with protruding tips at the upper and lower ends, wide drooping tail, less complex geometric patterns of the Shang Dynasty on the body, with a small number of Yin lines to represent the wings and long tail, two claws lying down, a round hole in the chest. - ** owl **: It glides with flat wings. Its beak is curved at the chest and has a hole. It has round eyes and a dense herringbone line on its forehead. The double hook lines on its back are engraved with the pattern of clouds and thunder. The line on the short tail is more dense. There is a special structure under the abdomen. It may still be a god worshipped in the Western Zhou Dynasty. - ** Ox **: Standing posture, four short limbs with simple hoofs, round body, smooth without any patterns, drooping tail, head ratio slightly smaller than the Shang Dynasty, has a certain realistic meaning. - ** Tiger **: There are many flat plates. The shape is the same as that of the Shang Dynasty. It is lying down. The tiger head is flat or drooping. The cloud-shaped ears are raised upwards. The mouth is open and the teeth are exposed. The tail is upturned or curled. The early decoration is similar to that of the Shang Dynasty. In the later period, only a single Yin line is used to represent the outline of the limbs. - [Deer]: There are models such as turning back, looking forward, lying down, standing, etc. They are generally in the shape of a sheet. They are light and have no patterns. They only have a simple outline, but their antlers are exquisitely carved. - Fish: Inherited the shape of the late Shang Dynasty, flat, or straight or slightly curved in a semicircle, the circle is the eye, the mouth is wide and pointed at both ends, there is a short shadow line carved on the back fin and the lower abdomen dividing fin, the tail part is a small fork, the fish body is light or decorated with curved scale patterns, the shadow line is carved shallow and thin, the mouth is often pierced. These Western Zhou jades had a unique artistic style in terms of craftsmanship, shape, and decoration, reflecting the culture, etiquette, and aesthetic concepts of the time. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Ancient Jade Gilded
Ancient jade gilding had a deep historical origin, unique craftsmanship, methods to deal with bronze rust, and high value. From a historical point of view, jade was used by our ancestors to make artifacts in the Neolith Age. After thousands of years, it developed into a cultural symbol. The gilding technique originated from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It was initially used to decorate bronze ware. Later, craftsmen applied it to jade ware. The gilding technique of jade ware gradually rose and reached its peak in the Han Dynasty. In terms of technological features: - The process included selecting materials (such as Hetian jade, jade, and other high-quality jade), cutting, carving, polishing, gilding (applying gold powder or gold water evenly on the surface of the jade), roasting gold (melting the gold powder and permeating it into the jade texture), and other steps. - The characteristics of the process were strong decorative properties (golden surface), high wear resistance (the gold layer on the surface was not easy to wear), and good corrosion resistance (forming a protective film to prevent corrosion). There were different ways to deal with the bronze rust on the gilded jade: - Physical method: Use a soft cloth to wipe it gently, but pay attention to the strength to avoid damaging the surface of the jade. - The chemical method was to drip an appropriate amount of diluted sulfuric acid or diluted sulfuric acid on the bronze rust. After the reaction, rinse it with clean water. - The comprehensive method was to remove most of the copper rust first, then deal with the remaining parts. In terms of value, the jade gilding process combined carving, gilding, and other techniques, which had high artistic value. The novel "Gilded Palm" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Qilin Ancient Jade
Qilin was an auspicious beast in traditional China culture. It was also a common carving theme in ancient jade. The identification of ancient jade required a comprehensive combination of many factors. The contradictory nature of ancient jade was that all ancient jade articles had the same characteristics, and the shell that no imitation had showed the characteristics of old light. To find this essential feature, one could compare ancient jade with imitations of different ages, environments, patina, grades, etc., or compare ancient jade with antiques of different materials and antiques. As for the Qilin ancient jade, the Qilin pattern had different image characteristics in different historical periods. In the Pre-Qin period, the kylin was basically a legendary divine object in concept. It was mostly represented by horned animals. Its shape was similar to that of deer. There was almost no kylin pattern on jade ware. In the Han Dynasty, the kylin pattern might be similar to deer and sheep, and gradually absorbed some elements such as horses and cattle. In the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the kylin changed its form to lions, tigers, leopards and other ferocious beasts and had wings. In the Tang Dynasty, although the kylin pattern was few, it was used in important places. In the Song Dynasty, the kylin image was lion-shaped scale body, which laid the foundation for the kylin pattern in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the Yuan Dynasty, Kirins were plump, mostly with deer heads and scales. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Kirin patterns were widely favored, showing the characteristics of dragon head, beast body, lion tail, fish scales, etc., which could be seen on many kinds of crafts. The novel " Dream of Silk Fate " is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Bite Jade (Ancient)
Jade Bite was an ancient novel written by Changqing Changbai. In the story, the male protagonist was born into a family of generals. When he was young, he was often bullied because of his father's defeat in the war. The female protagonist was the youngest daughter of the family. She had an elder sister who was a favored concubine in the palace. The female protagonist's health was not good and she took medicine all year round. Her elder brother loved her very much. When she was young, the female lead went to school to give her brother an umbrella. She saw the male lead being bullied and helped him. She even dropped a rouge jade and was picked up by the male lead. After the male lead's mother went to the female lead's house to get engaged, the female lead's family broke off the engagement because the male lead's sister-in-law made the female lead misunderstand. Later, the female protagonist's father and brother were involved in a case. The female protagonist asked the male protagonist for help. The male protagonist said that the reward was to let the female protagonist marry him. After he settled the case, he asked the emperor to grant him a marriage. The female protagonist married the male protagonist within a month. The male protagonist seemed to be arrogant and looked down on the female protagonist on the surface. In fact, he was secretly considerate and took care of the female protagonist, not allowing others to bully her. The female protagonist was soft and intelligent, and she understood the affairs of the court. She began to avoid the male protagonist because of the annulment of the engagement, but the male protagonist pressed on step by step. After the marriage, the male lead spoiled the female lead to the heavens. The two of them resolved the misunderstanding and started a sweet life. This was a work with a smooth narrative, a relaxed style, and a sweet plot. " Fairy Dream of Tang Shi: Fate of Peony " is equally wonderful. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
The value of ancient jade
The value of ancient jade was reflected in many aspects. In terms of material, Hetian jade was exquisite and pure in color. It was produced in Xinjiang and was known as the "King of Jade". Jadeite was famous for its emerald color and clarity and was regarded as an auspicious stone. These precious jade stones were highly respected because of their rare and beautiful materials and deep cultural implications. In terms of cultural significance, ancient jade was a symbol of power and status, carrying a profound cultural heritage and rich spiritual content. For example, the jade cong of the Shang Dynasty represented the religious beliefs and power symbols of the Shang Dynasty society, the jade of the Western Zhou Dynasty reflected the etiquette system of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the jade sword of the Warring States period displayed the heroic culture of the Warring States period. Ancient jade pendants were also an important part of the Chinese jade civilization. They were endowed with mysterious supernatural powers and became an important medium for people to express their wishes. In terms of market value, the prices of different ancient jade articles varied greatly. For example, the transaction price of Hong Kong Jiade White Jade Phoenix was 18.63 million yuan, the transaction price of the Qing Emperor Qianlong's white jade melon ridge sheep head silk inlaid porcelain teapot was 62,644,250 yuan, and the transaction price of the 16 Arhat Praise Jade Book was 17,250,000 yuan. Moreover, the price of ancient jade soared in 2023, while the market for modern jade was stable. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Ancient Red Jade
High ancient jade was the essence and source of China jade culture, and high ancient red jade ware might be a special type of high ancient jade. The red jade among the high ancient jades was more unique. Its color was as bright as cherries and it had a high collection value. Among the high ancient jades, there were rare high ancient burnt jades that were unearthed and had the characteristics of fish-roe-shaped cinnabar crystals that were formed after cinnabar was baked at high temperatures. High ancient jade was divided into two stages. One was more than 3,000 years old, and the other was from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the Han Dynasty. Before the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the ancient jade was simple, clumsy, vigorous and magnificent. For example, the jade pig dragon of Hongshan culture, etc., many of the meanings of the shapes were still difficult to explain. After the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the jade articles from the Han Dynasty were mostly ritual vessels, such as Bi, Cong, Gui, Zhang, Huang, Hu, etc. In addition to the traditional ritual vessels, some jade articles of this period had different decorative decorations from the previous ones. However, the description of " ancient red jade ware " was relatively broad. Without more specific information, it was difficult to describe it in detail. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Ancient Jade Artifacts
There were many types of ancient jade articles, which could be divided into ritual vessels, accessories, containers, musical instruments, funeral articles, etc. In terms of ritual vessels, there were jade Bi used to sacrifice to heaven, jade Cong used to sacrifice to the earth, Gui, Zhang, Hu, Huang used to sacrifice to the four directions, Gui used by emperors and vassals for court betrothal gifts, sacrifices, funerals, Mao held by emperors, Cong used to sacrifice to the four directions of heaven and earth, etc. The accessories included all kinds of jade jewelry (such as hair ornaments, earrings, finger ornaments, wrist ornaments, arm ornaments, string ornaments, etc.), jade pendants, jade belt hooks, jade belt plates, rings (as ornaments to show identity), jade ornaments (knots on ancient hats), jade hairpins (jade hairpins, ancient women's jewelry), jade hairpins (long needles used by men to tie up their hair or crowns), Zigang cards, etc. The containers included Jue for drinking wine, Bi for warming wine, Zan for offering sacrifices like a spoon, jade nuptial cups used by young couples in ancient times for marriage and drinking, and jade pots. The musical instruments included jade pipes (wind instruments), jade chimes (percussion instruments), and jade zither poles (jade zither pillars). Funeral supplies include jade clothes. There were also jade items such as the dragon used to pray for rain, the jade used to decorate the end of the scabbard, the jade used to swear blood vows in ancient times, all kinds of insect-type jade articles such as jade insects (cicadas), jade bracelets for health preservation, jade ornaments for exorcism, and ancient wine vessels and jade cups. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Ancient Xuanji Jade
The ancient Xuanji jade was a typical piece of jade from the Neolith Age. It was first discovered in the ruins of the late Dawenkou culture or the early Longshan culture in the eastern coastal area of the Shandong Peninsula. Its shape was mainly a wall or a ring, and three or four teeth were attached to the outer edge. Its name was first given by the Qing Dynasty scholar, Jin Shi scholar Wu Dache, in his "Ancient Jade Picture Examination". Wu Dache believed that this kind of jade was "Xuanji Yuheng" as mentioned in "Shang Shu·Shun Dian" that "in Xuanji Yuheng, Qi Zheng". Kong Anguo, a scholar of the Western Han Dynasty, explained," Zai means inspection, Xuan means beautiful jade; Ji Heng is an astronomical instrument used by the king and can be operated." It meant that " Jade Xuanji " was a kind of jade used by ancient emperors to observe the astronomical phenomena to determine the government. Its meaning symbolized the rotation of the Big Dipper around the North Star. A piece of jade was unearthed in Teng County, Shandong Province in 1978. It looked like a wall with teeth. There were three teeth flying in the same direction on the outer edge, with equal spacing. Some of them were carved with small teeth. Jade Xuanji was a unique ritual vessel in ancient Shandong, also known as the Jade Tooth Wall. Its geometric shape was extremely dynamic, harmonious, and rhythmic. There were also Xuanji jade with three identical shapes carved on the outer edge of the jade. On the back of each wide tooth, there was a set of small teeth of the same shape and evenly distributed. The production was neat and without patterns. The whole thing showed a sense of agility. It should be a special jade wall with three tooth-shaped protrusions on the outer edge of the Neoliths period. The protruding parts might have or might not have tooth-shaped small teeth. During the Longshan culture period, Xuanji was a decorative and ceremonial jade. However, the use of this kind of jade was still inconclusive. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Ancient Jade Incense Burner
We can find some pictures of ancient jade incense burner. In the document [3], there were some pictures of ancient jade incense burner, including the Tang Dynasty Hetian jade two-ear incense burner, a pair of jade incense burner in the Han Dynasty, etc. In addition, in the document [5], there were also some pictures of the ancient jade stove box door and the top of the ancient jade incense burner. However, due to the limitations of the search results, we are unable to provide a complete picture of the ancient jade incense burner.
The ancient novel is as gentle as jade.
The following are some recommendations for ancient novels that are as gentle as jade. They are all completed: 1. " A Thousand Miles Under the Bright Moon " by Luo Qingmei: The story of the princess of the Han family and the eminent monk of the Western Regions. The relationship between the male and female protagonists is slow and warm, and the ending is beautiful. 2. "Qingyun Terrace" by Shen Xiaozhi: The story of the intelligent heroine and the forbearing prince. 3. The story between the gentle male and female protagonist. 4. Light a Lantern on Your Eyebrow by Shen Xiaozhi: A love story between a gentle male and female protagonist. 5. Huai Bi by Yiren: A sweet story between a gentle male and female protagonist. Please note that the novels recommended above are all completed. They can satisfy your preference for gentle and jade-like ancient stories.