Western Zhou Dynasty jade, ancient jade
Jade articles of the Western Zhou Dynasty were an important part of the development of ancient jade articles in China. There were many types of jade in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The following were some of the common types: - ** Jade Bi **: In the early days, there were many plain jade pieces. The edges were irregular and there were cutting marks and damages. The surface was thick inside and thin outside. There was a deep straight line cut, and the middle hole was single-sided. In the later period, there were decorative patterns such as dragon patterns, phoenix patterns, and cloud patterns carved by negative lines. The lines were softer and smoother than those of the Shang Dynasty, and the composition was more rigorous. - ** Jade Cong **: Most of the shapes are square pillars of different heights. The round hole in the center is larger, and the corners are straight and strong. Most of the surfaces are smooth without patterns. Very few of them are carved with bird patterns or other decorations on the four surfaces of the square body. - Gui: It was an important ritual vessel of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It was flat and rectangular, with an equinocratic triangle at the top. It was well-made and generally had no decorative patterns. - ** Huang **: Half-wall or fan-shaped, with holes on both ends. Other than the light element ones, the dragon patterns and phoenix patterns were usually carved with light dark lines. The lines were smooth and there were also some that were directly in the shape of animals, which was more vivid and unique. - ** Ge **: Most of them inherited the shape and characteristics of the Shang Dynasty Ge. There are also small and exquisitely made small jade Ge ornaments. Some are decorated with phoenix and divine beast (human) patterns. The design is ingenious and the shape is unique, increasing the sacred and noble atmosphere. - ** Handle-shaped ware **: flat body, different shapes and sizes, most of them are the same as the handle-shaped ware of the Shang Dynasty, a few of them have bird patterns and cloud patterns on the surface, and the end is inlaid with decorative objects made of turquoise and jade strips, which may have ceremonial or symbolic significance. - ** Jue **: Oblate round, shaped like a ring or a piece of jade but with a gap. It is a popular earring. Most of them are light and have no patterns. A few of them have phoenix patterns or dragon patterns carved by Yin lines. The lines are smooth and the craftsmanship is exquisite. - ** God, Man, and Beast Face Ornaments **: A flat embossed shape. The face is engraved with the style of the Shang Dynasty. The word "minister" is written on it. It has a cloud head and a nose. It wears a flat hat. There are curly horn-shaped ornaments on both sides of the head. The back is flat and smooth. There are holes under the neck. It may be inlaid jewelry. - ** Dragon **: Its shape is basically similar to the dragon of the Shang Dynasty. There are many pieces. The decorative lines have become smooth and smooth from the square folding of the Shang Dynasty. In the later period, the dragon body is thin and long. The carving of the horns is not obvious and even becomes cloud-shaped ears. The word "minister" is gradually replaced by round eyes. - ** Bird **: flat cuboid, mostly with circles as eyes, short horns on the top of the head, wide mouth with protruding tips at the upper and lower ends, wide drooping tail, less complex geometric patterns of the Shang Dynasty on the body, with a small number of Yin lines to represent the wings and long tail, two claws lying down, a round hole in the chest. - ** owl **: It glides with flat wings. Its beak is curved at the chest and has a hole. It has round eyes and a dense herringbone line on its forehead. The double hook lines on its back are engraved with the pattern of clouds and thunder. The line on the short tail is more dense. There is a special structure under the abdomen. It may still be a god worshipped in the Western Zhou Dynasty. - ** Ox **: Standing posture, four short limbs with simple hoofs, round body, smooth without any patterns, drooping tail, head ratio slightly smaller than the Shang Dynasty, has a certain realistic meaning. - ** Tiger **: There are many flat plates. The shape is the same as that of the Shang Dynasty. It is lying down. The tiger head is flat or drooping. The cloud-shaped ears are raised upwards. The mouth is open and the teeth are exposed. The tail is upturned or curled. The early decoration is similar to that of the Shang Dynasty. In the later period, only a single Yin line is used to represent the outline of the limbs. - [Deer]: There are models such as turning back, looking forward, lying down, standing, etc. They are generally in the shape of a sheet. They are light and have no patterns. They only have a simple outline, but their antlers are exquisitely carved. - Fish: Inherited the shape of the late Shang Dynasty, flat, or straight or slightly curved in a semicircle, the circle is the eye, the mouth is wide and pointed at both ends, there is a short shadow line carved on the back fin and the lower abdomen dividing fin, the tail part is a small fork, the fish body is light or decorated with curved scale patterns, the shadow line is carved shallow and thin, the mouth is often pierced. These Western Zhou jades had a unique artistic style in terms of craftsmanship, shape, and decoration, reflecting the culture, etiquette, and aesthetic concepts of the time. Read more exciting novels for free
Dragon Jade Pendant of Western Zhou Dynasty
The ritual jade ware of the Western Zhou Dynasty
The Western Zhou Dynasty implemented the enfeoffment system and the patriarch system, and the hierarchy was strict. This had a great impact on the jade system of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The ritual jade of the Western Zhou Dynasty had clear rules on the use of grades. Gui was an important ritual vessel in the Western Zhou Dynasty. It was flat and rectangular, with an equinoceros triangle at the top. It was well-made and generally had no decorative patterns. Cong was shaped as a square pillar of different heights. The central hole was larger, and the corners were straight and strong. Most of the surfaces were smooth and without patterns. Very few were carved with bird patterns or other patterns on the four surfaces of the square body. In the early days, there were many plain jade, with irregular edges and cutting marks and damages. The surface of the jade was thick inside and thin outside, with deep straight cuts, and the middle hole was single-sided drilled. In the later period, there were dragon patterns, phoenix patterns, cloud patterns and other decorations carved by negative lines on the surface of the jade. Huang was in the shape of a half-wall or a fan, with holes on both ends. In addition to the plain ones, there were usually dragon patterns and phoenix patterns carved with shallow Yin lines, and there were also those directly shaped like animals, which were more vivid and unique. These jades played an important role in the etiquette system of the Western Zhou Dynasty. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The authentic ancient jade of Shang and Zhou Dynasty
He could find some authentic pictures of ancient jade from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. These pictures showed the exquisite craftsmanship and unique design of the jade articles from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. However, the specific pictures of the ancient jade of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties and the information of the authentic product were not found in the search results provided. Therefore, it was impossible to provide a specific answer about the authentic picture of the ancient jade of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
Ancient Jade of Shang Dynasty
Jade articles of the Shang Dynasty had many characteristics. From the perspective of craftsmanship, the techniques of cutting and polishing were more advanced than those of the primitive society. For example, when making long and thin jade articles (such as the jade Gui and jade Zhang of the early Shang Dynasty), there was a new development in the cutting technology. These jade articles were extremely thin, and large thin pieces were not practical. They were used as ceremonial articles. On the carving, there were decorative techniques such as yin lines and yang lines, like larger handle jade articles, the whole body was divided into sections, some were carved with animal patterns, and the yang lines represented the eyes and mouth. In terms of variety, there were many of them. There were religious objects, tools (such as the jade shovel in the early Shang Dynasty), daily necessities, accessories (such as jade Huang), and jade ornaments for display. Among them, ritual vessels and round carved figures are the most precious, such as jade Zhang, jade Cong, jade Bi, etc., and round carved figures are the most precious. Carved animals and containers were second only to jade carvings of people, and were also very collectible. In addition, there were also many types of weapons. The ceremonial weapons were more exquisite and beautiful, such as the jade daggers and jade axes in the early part of the Shang Dynasty. In terms of value, it was difficult to craft round carvings of people and animals. It also had realistic artistic characteristics and could reflect the social appearance of the time. It had high artistic value, economic value, and scientific value. From a cultural perspective, the royal family of the Shang Dynasty attached great importance to jade production and had an extremely standardized management model. At that time, merchants worshipped jade and birds. There were many bird-shaped jade articles. Moreover, jade articles were related to the royal power of the Shang Dynasty. At that time, jade articles were important magic tools for witchcraft operations. Possessing jade articles became a symbol of winning the support of God or destiny and the basis of the legitimacy of the royal power. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Ancient Jade Artifacts of Tang Dynasty
How about the jade of the Jade Dynasty?
The jade of the Jade Dynasty was outstanding in many aspects. In terms of color, the jade had an excellent performance. The clear green color of the jade was mixed with soft red or purple. This color, called "rich emerald green", was one of the more precious colors of jade. It was full of vitality and vitality. The texture was also quite excellent. It had high clarity and luster, and the color was uniform. There were no impurities or flaws. It was very suitable for embedding and carving, and it was easy to process into exquisite jewelry and crafts. In the market, Jade Dynasty had always adhered to strict quality control and craftsmanship standards. Its jade products had a high reputation and recognition in the domestic and foreign markets, and were deeply loved by consumers. Overall, Jade Dynasty's jade could be considered one of the world's top jades. " Fairy Dream of Tang Shi: Fate of Peony " is equally wonderful. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Jade Dynasty
Celestial Bane was a wuxia novel written by Xiao Ding. It described the experience and growth of a young man named Zhang Xiaofan in the Jianghu. He was born in poverty, but he was determined and worked hard to learn martial arts. In the end, he obtained powerful martial arts and power in the process of helping his friend take revenge, becoming an important figure in the Jianghu. In the novel, Zhang Xiaofan had a deep relationship with some important people, including the leaders of the immortal world and the demon world, as well as other powerful people in the martial arts world. Throughout the story, Zhang Xiaofan experienced many difficulties and challenges, and at the same time, he discovered the secrets and conspiracies of Jianghu. Celestial Bane had become a classic wuxia novel with its profound plot and broad worldview. It was deeply loved by readers.
Jade Dynasty
Celestial Bane was a novel with Xianxia as its background. It told the story of Zhang Xiaofan, who went through countless hardships and difficulties from an ordinary Qingyun Sect disciple to a legendary immortal. The story involved the great war between the righteous and demonic sects, the internal strife between the demonic sects, the fight for the treasures in the Death Swamp, and the love-hate entanglement between Zhang Xiaofan and Lu Xueqi. In addition, Celestial Bane was also adapted into an anime, online game, and online animation series.
Jade Dynasty
Celestial Bane was a mythical novel in ancient times. It told the story of the cultivation journey and love story of Zhang Xiaofan and Lin Jingyu, disciples of the Qingyun Sect. The novel was adapted into a 3D MMORPG fantasy online game, as well as a magical period adventure anime. The game and anime had new concepts and unique professions, with unique gameplay and plots. As for the ending of the novel, according to the information provided, it was impossible to know the exact plot.
Jade Dynasty
Celestial Bane was a story about Zhang Xiaofan, who became an orphan at night and became a devil follower. It showed his cultivation and adventures at the Martial Arts Competition of the Seven Lineages, as well as his feelings and friendship with Lu Xueqi, Biyao, and the others. This work was Xiao Ding's fantasy novel, a total of six volumes.