Guishan cultural relic Han tomb
The Han Tomb of Guishan was located at the western foot of Guishan in the Jiuli economic development zone of Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province. It was the tomb of Liu Zhu, the sixth king of Chu in the Western Han Dynasty, and his wife. In February 1981, it was discovered for the first time by local people who cut mountains and quarried stones. Later, the Nanjing Museum and the Xuzhou City Bureau of Culture successively excavated and cleaned up the North Tomb Road and the entire tomb. This was a couple's tomb that was connected side by side. It was composed of the south tomb and the north tomb. Both of them adopted a horizontal cave cliff cave structure, and the entrance of the tomb was in the shape of a trumpet at the western foot of Turtle Mountain. There were two tomb passages in the north and south of the tomb. The tomb was artificially excavated. Each passage was 56 meters long, 1.78 meters high and 1.06 meters wide. The maximum deviation of excavation was only 5 millimeters. The precision was high. Each passage was blocked by 26 blocks of about 67 tons of stones. There were a total of 15 interconnected tombs, with a total area of more than 700 square meters. Since the discovery, scholars had proposed four mysteries based on archaeological research: the mystery of precision, the mystery of shadow, the mystery of the nail, and the mystery of the tomb. There were also some stone gardens and imperial edict museum in the Guishan Han Tomb scenic area. The Guishan Han Tomb Museum was located at the western foot of Guishan Mountain in Jiuli District, about 7 kilometers northwest of Xuzhou. If you are at the entrance of the Han Tomb in Turtle Mountain, please explain. It is a ticket for the three scenic spots of the Han Tomb in Turtle Mountain, the Imperial Decree Museum, and the Stone Sculpture Museum in Dianshiyuan. It costs 90 yuan in total. The three scenic spots were connected, and it would take about half a day to visit all of them. Read more exciting novels for free
Tomb cultural relic appraisal
There were several ways to identify cultural relics in tombs: 1. [Sight Inspection: This requires the appraiser to have knowledge in many aspects.] The first was historical knowledge, because cultural relics were the crystallization of art and thought in the history of human civilization. Every cultural relic carried a strong historical information. For example, in the identification of porcelain, understanding the history of the five famous kilns in the Song Dynasty and their existence would help determine the authenticity and age of the porcelain. For example, the Ru kiln was a kiln mouth in the late Northern Song Dynasty. It was already very precious in the Southern Song Dynasty. According to historical documents, one could know its circulation and other situations, and then identify relevant cultural relics based on these historical information. The second was the knowledge of archaeology. The archaeology studied the unearthed cultural relics, and its horizons and typological dating methods were useful for the division of cultural relics into periods. The identification of cultural relics originated from the typological dating method of archaeology. It identified cultural relics based on the changes in the shape of the same type of artifacts in the past dynasties. For example, if a piece of porcelain was made in the Yongle era, but the pattern was blue and white, it could be judged as a fake. 2. ** Research **: identify cultural relics through in-depth research of historical documents and archaeological materials related to cultural relics. For example, the age, name, characteristics, and other aspects of cultural relics were identified and dated. Just like the expert group of the Cultural Relics Appraisal Station of Anhui Province identified the cultural relics unearthed from the ancient tomb of Ximen Ridge in Jixi County, the expert group identified and dated them one by one according to the age of the ancient tomb, the age, name, and characteristics of the unearthed cultural relics. 3. Technology Detection: Use modern science and technology to detect and analyze the cultural relics in the tomb, so as to obtain relevant information about the cultural relics to assist in the identification. However, there was also the possibility of misjudgment in the identification of cultural relics in tombs. For example, the golden seal of Changsha Wang Xi and Xu Wei Li documents of the Southern Song Dynasty were initially misjudged as fakes by some experts, which reflected that even experts could make mistakes in the identification process. Cultural relics identification was a complicated and cautious work. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Is it a cultural relic or an ancient tomb?
Cultural relics and ancient tombs were two different concepts. Ancient tombs were burial places built by ancient humans for the deceased. It included the structure of the tomb, the tomb, the tomb path, and other architectural parts, as well as the bones and funerary objects in the tomb. An ancient tomb was a relatively large underground or aboveground architectural space. It reflected the historical and cultural information of the funeral customs, social systems, and architectural standards at that time. For example, the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang was a large-scale ancient tomb. Its layout and architectural structure reflected the superb engineering technology and unique funeral concept of the Qin Dynasty. Cultural relics referred to relics and relics with historical, artistic, and scientific value left behind by human beings in social activities. The range of cultural relics was very wide, including ancient utensils (such as bronze ware, porcelain ware, etc.), paintings, coins, clothing, bamboo slips, wood slips, etc. Cultural relics could be unearthed from ancient tombs or from other places, such as ancient ruins or cellars. For example, the "Five Sacrifice Wei Tripod" unearthed from the kiln collection of Dongjia Village in Qishan was a cultural relic with great historical and legal research value. It was found in the kiln collection, not an ancient tomb. Therefore, there was a fundamental difference between the two. However, the funerary objects in ancient tombs often belonged to the category of cultural relics. Ancient tombs themselves were also important historical relics, which had an irreplaceable role in the study of ancient society. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
This cultural relic in the tomb must not be taken.
If cultural relics were found in the tomb, they must not be taken. Because according to the relevant regulations, the discovery of cultural relics must be handed over, which was the obligation of citizens. If they didn't hand it over, they might face legal punishment, such as a fine, or even jail. Moreover, the cultural relics in the tomb belonged to ancient tombs and were protected by the law. It was illegal to take them without permission. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The cultural relic protected tomb in Tongren, Guizhou
The tomb of Liu Daozhong in Tongren, Guizhou Province is a cultural relic protection unit in Bijiang District. It is located on Fengxing Mountain in the south of the village group of Huangjia Village in Yangtou Town, facing east and west. The bottom of the tomb is 2.8 meters in diameter and 1.5 meters in height. There are two stone tablets in front of the tomb. The back tablet is the original tablet, which has been damaged by half. The front tablet was re-engraved by later generations, with the words "Tomb of Liu Daozhong, Chief Officer of Chengzhilang in Ming Dynasty" written on it. Liu Daozhong was the chief officer of Shi Xi. He was originally from Jishui County, Ji 'an Prefecture, Jiangxi Province. His tomb was the earliest surviving chieftain remains in Tongren City. In addition, Tongren had other cultural relics and historical sites, but only information about Liu Daozhong's tomb was retrieved. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Han costume with cultural relic patterns
There were many styles of Han clothing with cultural relics. Some directly used the cultural relics in Henan Museum as the prototype, such as the square tripod of Duling in Shang Dynasty, the square pot of lotus crane in Spring and Autumn Period, and the cloud map of the four gods in the early Western Han Dynasty. There were also the Han costumes created by the non-hereditary inheritors of the Nanjing Yunjin Research Institute, such as green woven gold makeup flower sleeves over the shoulder dragon persimmon satin stand collar short jacket, red woven gold makeup flower dragon horse face skirt and other Yunjin auspicious clothes. These were the results of researching the collection and striving to restore the exquisite patterns on the cultural relics. In addition, some commercial Han clothing products would also have round neck gowns with cultural relics patterns. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The size of the cultural relic Han costume
The following is information about the size of some cultural relics: - Plain yarn unlined garment (Western Han Dynasty): 128 cm long, 190 cm long sleeves, 48 cm wide waist, total material of about 2.6 square meters, weight of only 49 grams; There are also specifications of 140 cm long, 245 cm long sleeves, 52 cm wide waist. - Song Dynasty Han clothing (Northern Song Dynasty Nanling Tie Guai Tomb wide sleeves): length 64.5 cm, shoulder width 78 cm, sleeve length 44.5 cm, sleeve length 149 cm, sleeve width 12.2 - 37 cm; Narrow sleeve clothing length 108.3 cm, shoulder width 83 cm, sleeve length 33 cm, sleeve length 167 cm, sleeve width 34 - 39 cm. - In the underground palace of Changgan Temple in the Northern Song Dynasty, there are women's clothes with mud gold flowers, birds, silk lining and long-sleeved double-lapel; In the tomb of Huang Sheng in Fuzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty, there are purple-brown silk printed gold painted lace unlined clothes with double-lapel, without button loop or tie on the lapel. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Han Dynasty cultural relic hair ornament
There were many types of cultural relics and hair ornaments in the Han Dynasty. Judging from the jewelry of the empress, it was modeled after fake knots (bun), buyao, and hairpin. In the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties,"buyao" was renamed "flower tree", but in the Han Dynasty,"flower tree" had not been called this name. In the Han Dynasty, there was a custom of "hairpin pen". Civil officials would pin the brush on their heads. For example, the "White Horse Writing" brush unearthed from the ancient tomb of the Han Dynasty in the Gansu Province Museum had a blunt tip at the end of the pen so that it could be inserted into the hair bun. The hairpin brush changed from an ordinary brush to a "hairpin white pen" that had not been dipped in ink, becoming a kind of "identity symbol". Hairpins were quite common after the Neolith Age and were used by both men and women. Until the late Qing Dynasty, it was an important practical decorative ornament for the ancients, especially for women. The Han Dynasty was no exception. Although there were not many jewelry objects unearthed in the Han Dynasty, the excavation of important Han tombs such as Mawangdui Han Tomb, Mancheng Han Tomb, Guishan Han Tomb, Haiying Marquis Tomb and so on provided rich information for understanding Han Dynasty clothing and jewelry. In addition, it was very common for civilians to wear turbans in the Qin and Han Dynasties, but the turbans used by civilians were different from those used by nobles. The turbans were probably wrapped with narrow strips of cloth at the beginning. In the Han Dynasty, it was improved into a hat with a high top on the head that could cover the bun and neat edges on the four sides. Its scope of application continued to expand, and the style continued to improve, such as adding ear protectors on both sides or combining with the hair crown. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Han Dynasty wine vessel cultural relic
There were many kinds of wine vessels and cultural relics in the Han Dynasty. From the material, there were lacquer ware, bronze ware, pottery, gold and silver ware, jade ware, and so on. Among them, lacquer wine vessels were more common. For example, more than 700 pieces of lacquer ware were unearthed from three Han tombs in Mawangdui, Changsha, including small lacquer daggers, large plates with a diameter of 53 cm and large pots with a height of 58 cm. The wine vessels commonly used in the Han Dynasty were mostly lacquer ware. The wine vessels were used to hold wine, the ladle was used to pour wine, and the ear cup was used to drink wine. Lacquerware was mostly made of wood, but there were also linens made of raw lacquer. It was resistant to moisture, high temperature, and corrosion. It also had gorgeous colors and various decorative methods. There were exquisite colored paintings, needle-pricked cone paintings, and gold and jade inlaid ornaments. The shape was elegant. Although no specific cultural relics were mentioned in terms of bronze ware, bronze wine vessels had been developed before the Han Dynasty, and some bronze craftsmen would imitate the lacquer ware process to make bronze ware. Porcelain wine vessels also existed in the development of wine vessels in the Han Dynasty. As social productivity developed, they were gradually replaced by other materials. Gold, silver and jade wine vessels were also part of the wine vessels of the Han Dynasty, reflecting the richness of the wine vessels at that time. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Han Dynasty golden hairpin cultural relic
According to the available information, there were not many jewelry unearthed in the Han Dynasty. At present, the excavation of several important Han tombs such as Mawangdui Han Tomb, Mancheng Han Tomb, Guishan Han Tomb, Haiying Marquis Tomb, etc. provided information for understanding the Han Dynasty clothing jewelry, but did not explicitly mention the specific situation of the golden hairpin cultural relics. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty mentioned that all the wives of the empresses had hairpins, but it seemed that it was difficult to find traces of hairpins in the cultural relics of the Han Dynasty that had been seen so far. The clear image of hairpins appeared in the paintings of ancient characters in later generations. Therefore, it was difficult to give a more accurate description of the Han Dynasty's golden hairpin cultural relics. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>