The Qi family's jade ware is fake
The Qijia Jade sold in the Chao Bao Zhai Antique Shop in Panjiayuan, Beijing, was made of new jade from Wushan, Gansu Province. The locals had some fake methods in processing, such as soaking it in potassium Permanganate solution to make it look old and natural, and using mashed potatoes to adhere to the soil to make it look old and natural. In addition, the so-called " Qi family culture " was also fabricated. With the fabricated cultural halo, jade could be sold at a high price. There was a lack of standard and authoritative appraisal agencies in the collection industry. There was no complete appraisal system, qualified appraisal team, and complete appraisal standards. These factors also provided an opportunity for " Qi Jiayu " to be forged. Read more exciting novels for free
What are the characteristics of the fake jade ware?
Fake jade has the following characteristics: 1. ** The method of dyeing is related to **: The color that is faked by the method of extracting oil or dyeing often has no transition layer and is distributed in a sheet. If the "windowing" method was used to achieve the partial erosion effect (pouring oil or wax on the surface of the jade to achieve the partial erosion effect), the color or texture of the affected part and the non-affected part would show a sudden change, which could be used as an identification mark. However, the affected part and the non-affected part of the real ancient jade showed a gradual change under the transmitted light. 2. ** Using the characteristics of the original stone to fake **: Some fake jade articles use the original stone or the color of the jade of the old pit. At first glance, it looks real and natural, but the color of the ancient jade is rougher and more obvious than the skin formed by natural weathering. 3. Fake with impurity minerals and veins: Some fake jades use the impurity minerals and veins in the original stone to fake the infiltration substance. For example, the white spots of Xiuyan jade are used to fake the white spots of the ancient jade, and the original stone metal or black veins are used to fake the metal or mercury. There was no transition in the vein, and the boundary was obvious and easy to identify, but the impurity minerals were closely combined with the original stone and needed to be carefully screened. 4. [Material selection for forgery]: In order to dye the color into the antique jade faster, better, and easier, choose soft jade with cracks and more cotton. 5. ** Color depth and surface state **: The artificial color lasts for a short time, and most of it will float on the surface of the jade. It is difficult to reach a certain depth (You can observe it by turning on the light, but you need to accumulate experience). 6. ** Strong acid and base corrosion assist in the color seeping **: In order to let the artificial color seep into the jade, the surface of the jade will be corroded by strong acid and base to create spots and cracks for the color to seep in. 7. ** Fake soil feature **: Some fake ancient jades have an unclear sense of orientation, dull color, no layer, superficial, and no qualitative change under the color. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Distinguishing the Genuine and Fake Jade Artifacts of the Qi Family
To distinguish the authenticity of the Qi family's cultural jade, one could start from the following aspects: * * I. The key points of distinguishing jade pieces ** 1. * * Hole and shape ** - If the hole of the authentic product was a pipe drill, the outer ring would be cut square and round. This shape was simple and natural. However, it should be noted that the characteristics of drilling holes and cutting a square to get a circle may be copied, so it cannot be used as the only basis to judge the authenticity. 2. * * Cracks and color ** - The real thing was often full of cracks, which broke into the skin and seeped into the skin. However, when there was a phenomenon of accompanying seeping, if there was a single crack without seeping, it needed further investigation and could not be rashly determined. 3. * * Jade Sand Scar Solution ** - The micro-image of the real drilled wall could see the ancient characteristics of the jade sand mark, but if the jade sand mark showed that the patina was not obvious and thick, it was difficult to determine whether it was patina after sand or later manual grinding. At this time, it was necessary to judge carefully. 4. * * In terms of plaque ** - The real thing was corroded and eroded. The key was whether the plaque was in a "natural state". For example, the plaque on the jade wall had different states in different areas. If the plaque at the edge of the drilling wall was in a complete natural state, and this kind of soil plaque was often accompanied by crystals, which was beyond the reach of human technology, it could basically be judged as true ancient. * * 2. Common Points of Distinguishing Jade Artifacts ** 1. * * In terms of jade materials ** - The jade materials used in the Qi family's jade ware were mainly local jade from Gansu and Qinghai, as well as Hetian jade from Xinjiang. The ratio was roughly 70% local jade and 30% Hetian jade. If the jade material was completely different from the jade material commonly used during the Qi family's cultural period, it was very likely to be an imitation. 2. * * Craftsmanship ** - For example, the jade and jade rings of the Qi family culture were relatively large in diameter, some of which were more than 30 centimeters in diameter; the inner holes were mostly drilled by the pipe drilling method, and the shape of the inner holes in the profile was close to the shape of "U" and "V"; the jade walls were mostly uneven in thickness, and some jade walls and rings had cutting marks on them. In terms of jade congs, there were different shapes and types of jade congs in the Qi family culture area. The tall jade congs were relatively poor in quality, and the jade materials used contained greater stone properties. The shorter jade congs often had fine quality and exquisite workmanship. If the jade ware's craftsmanship was far from the typical craftsmanship of the Qi family culture, it was necessary to doubt its authenticity. 3. * * Overall Style ** - The Qi family's jade ware had a unique sense of beauty. It presented a simple, masculine beauty and a solemn feeling. If the style of a jade piece did not match this feature at all, it might be an imitation. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Jade and jade ware
Jade Bi was a kind of flat round jade with a hole in the center. It was one of the traditional jade ritual vessels in China and also one of the six auspicious signs. The ratio of "flesh"(the side outside the hole) to "good"(the middle hole) was about 2:1, which meant that the diameter of the hole was about half of the outer ring of the jade wall. The jade wall was round like the sky, with a hole connected to the spirit. It was often used for "offering sacrifices to heaven". In ancient times, it was a very important ceremonial item. It played an important role in the promotion of officials, important occasions, and ceremonial activities. It represented power and status, and usually only emperors and nobles could have it. From the perspective of historical development, the earliest jade could be traced back to the Neoliths period about 5,000 to 6,000 years ago in China. The Warring States Period to the Han Dynasty was the heyday of jade. Whether it was in terms of shape or decoration, it could be said to be a historical period of great success. The level of jade craftsmanship also reached a new peak, and the number was also the highest in history. From the perspective of shape, the Warring States jade wall could be roughly divided into three types and seven styles: the basic shape was round, and according to the different patterns, it could be extended to three forms: plain wall, the whole wall surface carving pattern regardless of the area, and the wall surface carving pattern according to the area. There were also extended and developed shapes to make the outline wall (on the basis of the round wall, the outer edge of the wall was carved with auxiliary decorations) and the double ring wall (on the basis of the round wall, a small concentric circle wall was carved in the hole). The jade pieces that were popular in different dynasties had different patterns. It was mentioned in the Rites of the Zhou Dynasty that jade could be used for offering sacrifices to heaven and also used as a burial offering. For example, in past archaeological excavation, some of the unearthed jade were laid on the body of the tomb owner, and some were sewn on the clothes of the tomb owner. It might have the meaning of guiding the dead souls through the Yin and Yang worlds to the Heavenly Court. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Jade ware of the Warring States Period of Qi State
The jade articles of the Warring States Period of Qi State had distinct characteristics, and almost every one of them was exquisite. For example, the Double Dragon Jade Ring of the Warring States Period unearthed from the tomb of the State of Qi in Shangwang Village, Linzi, was 11.2 centimeters long and 10.7 centimeters wide. The jade material was white jade from Hetian, Xinjiang. The outline part embossed two dragons coiled around the jade ring. The two dragons were soaring, magnificent and very dynamic. There was also the Warring States Double Dragon Double Phoenix Jade Pendant from here. It was a component of the jade pendant. It was 5.8 cm high, 8.8 cm wide, and 0.4 cm thick. The jade material was white jade from Hetian, Xinjiang. The lower part of the jade pendant was carved with a pair of jade phoenixes. The jade dragon and the jade phoenix were full of charm. The jade pendant of the Warring States Period unearthed here was similar in design and carving style to the jade pendant unearthed from the tomb of the King of Chu of the Warring States Period in Yanggong Township, Changfeng County. It was very exquisite. In 1992, many pieces of jade from the Warring States period of Qi State were unearthed from the tomb of Shangwang Village in Linzi. For example, a jade Huang with a length of 12.5 cm, a width of 5.6 cm, and a thickness of 0.3 cm, as well as a jade lezi that was used as a connecting piece in the previous set of jade ornaments, and a double dragon and double wind jade pendant with a height of 5.8 cm, a width of 8.8 cm, and a thickness of 0.4 cm. These jade articles of the Warring States Period of the Qi State had a warm texture, beautiful shapes, and exquisite craftsmanship. They had extremely high artistic and cultural value. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Jade mansion jade ware
Jade Palace Jade may refer to the Jade Palace Jade Shop in Longxu District, Wuzhou City. Its legal representative is Qin Yubo, established on July 10,2018. However, there is no information about the store, such as shareholders (sponsors) and investment information, website/online store information, foreign investment information, corporate asset status information, etc., or the company chooses not to publicize it. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Haidong jade ware
The reference mentioned Haidong Jade. Among them, the Qin Haidong Jade Firm in Zhenping County sold Hetian Jade Peace Cards, including the White Jade Bodhisattva Heart Sutra pendants for men and women. The starting price was 380 yuan per piece. The minimum price was two pieces. The delivery was from Nanyang City, Henan Province. In addition, the Haidong City of Qinghai was rich in jade. The Huzhu Tuzu Autonomous County of Haidong City was one of the main producing areas of Qinghai jade. The Jiahe Sitai area had a large reserve of jade resources and many varieties, including white jade, sapphire, jasper, etc. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Guibi jade ware
Gui Bi was a type of jade. In ancient times, it was held by emperors and vassals when they went to court or offered sacrifices. For example, the Rites of Zhou·Chunguan·Dian Rui records that "the Duke holds Huan Gui... to meet the king in pilgrimage";"Rites of Zhou·Kao Gong Ji·Yu Ren" records that "Gui Bi is five inches long to worship the sun, moon and stars", which is now interpreted as "Gui with Bi as the base, Gui is five inches long and six inches long". In the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Emperor Ming's Chronicle, it was also mentioned that "one should hold the jade and worship heaven and earth." From the point of view of craftsmanship, such as a Hetian jade seed material in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, it was 8 in length, 0.8 in width, 12.6 cm in height, and 95.8 grams in weight. The whole body was carved in one go, and there were brownish-yellow patterns in some parts. The jade and jade were combined by round carving and shallow embossed techniques. The jade was rectangular, and the upper part was ground into a triangle. The shallow embossed was decorated with three stars. The middle part of the jade was connected with the jade. The body of the jade was full of antique nail patterns. The grains were full and neatly arranged. The jade and the jade overlapped up and down. the bottom bears the sea water, the river's cliff markings. In the Han Dynasty, due to the popular concept of " serving the dead as if they were alive, and serving the dead as if they were alive ", it seemed to have become a common practice to put a combination of Gui and Bi in sacrifices and funerals. After the death of a duke or noble, the monarch sent an emissary to present Bi and Gui. In the " cultural memory " texts of the Chinese civilization, there were also cases where animals were sacrificed to match jade ritual vessels such as Gui Bi. Besides being jade used in court rituals, Gui Bi could also be used to refer to precious jade. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Zhucheng jade ware
There were shops and craftsmen related to jade in Zhucheng. There are shops that sell jade products, such as Zhucheng Mingyu Pavilion Jade Store. Its legal representative is Xiang Mingxia. It was established on May 7, 2014 and is located at No. 168 Heping Street, Zhucheng City, Weifang City, Shandong Province. The contact number is 0536 - 6212816 and the email address is [email protected]. There was also a craftsman, Liu Jianjun, who was engaged in the carving work of Hetian jade, golden silk jade, and other jade. He would carve according to the type, shape, color, etc. of the jade, and carve the jade into crafts. The polishing of the jade included rough polishing, fine polishing, polishing, and many other processes. In addition, the Zhucheng Museum collected jade tools such as the stone magnolias of Qingshou Mountain. They used embossed, carving, three-dimensional carving and other techniques, which were both practical and decorative. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
furniture and jade ware
The furniture and the jade were two different kinds of items, each with a rich cultural meaning and a variety of types. From the perspective of materials, furniture could be made of a variety of materials. For example, classical furniture had wood and other materials. Ancient China craftsmen explored a wide range of traditional furniture materials. In addition to wood, they also tried bronze, jade, and other materials. Jade ware was made from natural jade. China had jade ware as early as 8,000 years ago and it had been around since then. From the perspective of cultural value, the old-style furniture (mainly made from the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty) had the value of cultural relics and was expensive. China mahogany classical furniture had three major schools: Guangzuo, Jingzuo, and Suzuo. Jade was a unique artifact in ancient China civilization. It had been the highest standard of artifacts since prehistoric times. It was mainly used as ritual vessels and accessories, such as the jade wall used to worship heaven, the jade cong used to worship the ground, and the Gui, Zhang, Hu, Huang used to worship the four directions. In modern life, furniture and jade also had different business and consumption scenarios. For example, there were regular old stores specializing in jade, and there were also furniture companies with various characteristics. For example, Fuqiduo Jade Bed Company combined jade with furniture (beds), using natural Xiuyan jade as raw materials and integrating modern technology to create jade beds with health preservation functions and temperature adjustment. At the same time, in the collection field, jade and ancient furniture would also appear in the exchange exhibition. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Fengshi jade ware
Regarding the Feng family's jade, there was the Feng family jade trading company in Zhenping County. You could inquire about its industrial and commercial information, equity structure, and other contents. In history, during the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, the Fengs of Suzhou founded the Fengfuji business in Shanghai, specializing in jewelry and jade. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>