Principles of Biological Tissues Production

Answer 1

Biological preparation was the basic method to study the microscopic structure of biological organisms. The purpose was to provide appropriate samples under the microscope for observation and research of their form and function. The principle was different according to the production method:
- ** Principle of Sectioning Method **: Use a blade to cut the specimen into thin slices, including the methods of wax sectioning, cellophan-sectioning, frozen sectioning, charcoal sectioning, ultra-micro sectioning, and bare-handed sectioning.
- ** Principle of Non-slicing Method **: Using physical or chemical methods to separate biological tissues into single cells or thin slices, or to seal the entire tissue as a whole, including the whole slicing method, smear (cloth) method, pressing (crushing) method, grinding method, isolation method, etc.

The preparation process of the slicing method (taking the commonly used wax slices as an example) included drawing materials, fixing, rinsing, dehydration or preservation, clearing, sticking, drying, dewater, dyeing, mounting, wax-permeating, wax-immersing, embedding, trimming, slicing, and exhibition; the preparation process of the non-slicing method (taking the whole sealing method as an example) included fixing, rinsing (when necessary), whole dyeing, differentiation and destaining, dehydration, clearing, and sealing.
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