Teaching Syllabus of Biological Control of Plant Disease
The teaching outline of the biological control of plant pests and diseases course includes the following contents: I. Basic information 1. Course name: Biological Control of Plant Disease and Insect Pests. Course code: 231080021. Course type: Outreach Education. Class hours/credits: 40/2 (26 hours for theory and 14 hours for experiment). 2. Pre-requisite courses: Microbiology, General Entomology, General Plant Pathology, suitable for undergraduate teaching of plant protection major. 3. Course Introduction: This course studies the science of using beneficial organisms to control harmful organisms. It is an important part of integrated plant pest control. It included two parts: biological control of diseases and biological control of pests. - Biological control of diseases: It mainly introduced the basic concepts, control principles and measures, types of biocontrol microorganisms, anti-disease soil, types and processing processes of biocontrol agents, the development history and existing problems of biological control at home and abroad, and other basic issues. It also covered various biological control methods and technologies and their application in production practice. - The biological pest control part mainly introduced the concept, development history, research status and development direction, the ways and methods of biological pest control, parasitic natural enemies, predatory natural enemies, the pathogenic mechanism and application technology of insect pathologies, etc. At the same time, attention should be paid to introducing the hot topics and cutting-edge contents of biological control research and application in recent years. According to the content of the course, the experiment contents were set up, such as the separation, screening and determination of the antagonistic microorganisms against plant pathologies, the identification and observation of parasitic natural enemies and predatory natural enemies, and the microscopic observation of entomological microorganisms. Second, teaching objectives 1. Theory, Knowledge Target - Understand the importance of biological control in integrated pest management. - Master the basic principles of biological control of plant pests and diseases and the basic methods of biological control research and application. - Familiar with the types and sources of bio-control microorganisms, the concept and mechanism of disease suppression soil, and understand the bio-control technology and application of various diseases. - Master the biological control strategy of pests, master the concept and species of parasitic and predatory natural enemies, be able to identify common parasitic and predatory natural enemies, master the introduction, reproduction and application methods of natural enemies, and master the common groups and applications of entomological microorganisms. 2. Ability objective: To train students to use multi-disciplinary knowledge and modern technology to formulate safe control strategies, analyze and solve practical problems in integrated plant pest control. Read more exciting novels for free
The contents of the report on biological control of the disease include:
The contents of the report on biological control of disease carriers may include the following aspects: 1. ** In terms of organizational structure ** - For example, whether the leading group and technical guidance group for the work of "biological control of disease carriers" were adjusted in time according to the change of personnel, and the functions of the organizations at all levels in the work of biological control of disease carriers were clarified. For example, the construction of the second-level biological control network of the town and village (neighborhood committee), including whether there was a professional killing team and the killing methods adopted (combination of professional killing and mass killing, etc.). 2. ** In terms of publicity work ** - Various forms of publicity, such as broadcasting, slogans, printing and distributing promotional materials, holding meetings at various levels, etc., were used to publicize the importance and necessity of the work of biological control. - The effect of publicity, such as whether the work of biological control of disease carriers is well-known and deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, effectively mobilizing the enthusiasm of the masses to participate in the work of eliminating the "four pests", and forming the overall cooperation of society in eliminating the "four pests". 3. ** Work implementation ** - If there is grid management, report the operation mode of grid management, such as the information reporting mechanism of the density of disease carriers in each responsible area, the analysis and judgment of the leading group on the information, and the release and implementation of the solution. - The investigation situation before the work was carried out, whether the density of disease carriers in each responsible area was understood in detail, summarized and analyzed, and the key areas and scope were specified. - The prevention and control measures in key areas, such as the specific measures taken in key areas and areas such as the collection and transfer of household garbage in the food and beverage units, such as the hygiene management supervision of the food and beverage units, the frequency of garbage cleaning, and the supervision and inspection of poultry breeding units. - Work results, such as whether the density of disease carriers has reached the prescribed standards, whether the environment has been significantly improved, whether the incidence of insect-borne infectious diseases has been controlled, and whether the people's production and quality of life have been effectively guaranteed. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Reflection on the Teaching of the Syllabus of Fictions
The following is a reflection on the teaching of the outline of the novel: ** I. Regarding the variety of outlines ** 1. ** The meaning of the co-existence of multiple writing methods ** - There were many ways to write a novel outline, such as slicing events, character life, mind map, and so on. This reflected different writing thoughts and creative needs. For authors, a variety of writing methods provided more choices, allowing them to adapt to different types of novels and authors 'writing habits. For example, authors who were good at plot structure might prefer the event slicing method because it could break down complex story goals into logically coherent small parts, while authors who focused on character creation might prefer the character life method, which was helpful in building a full and three-dimensional character image. 2. ** Adaptability for different writing stages ** - In the early stages of writing, the curtain-rolling question method was suitable for stimulating inspiration when the outline was stuck, so that the train of thought would be smooth. When the author had a certain idea about the overall framework of the story but encountered a bottleneck, this method could dig out more plot directions by asking questions. The Schneider's 15-beat chart and the Hero's Journey Model were more suitable for systematically arranging the story's occurrence, development, changes, and ending after the initial story idea. For those who needed to present the outline to the editor or had a strict creative plan, the hierarchical outline breakdown method of album, volume, section, and chapter was more suitable. It could make the outline structure clear and easy for others to understand the macro and micro structure of the story. 3. ** Adaptability to different types of novels ** - Different types of novels might be suitable for different outlines. For example, in a romance novel with the emotional entanglement of the characters as the main line, the character life method could better excavate the inner world of the characters, thus providing a reasonable basis for the development of the plot. For fantasy and adventure novels, such as " Into Wine," which had a grand goal, the event slicing method could help plan the various stages of the protagonist's goal. ** 2. The relationship between the outline and writing fluency ** 1. ** To prevent the effects of the card ** - The outline, the outline, and the chapter outline each had their own role in preventing the card from being stuck. The outline acted as the overall framework, which clarified the direction of the story, the main and auxiliary lines, and the key elements such as the relationship between the characters. It was like a blueprint for a building. Without an outline, the author would easily lose his sense of direction in the process of writing, forgetting the plot and foreshadowing that he had previously set, causing the writing to be interrupted. The sub-outline further refines the plot of the event and provides more detailed plot guidance for specific writing. The chapter outline summarized the content of each chapter, so that the author had a clear goal when writing each chapter. 2. ** The flexibility and modification of the outline ** - Although the outline was a guide, it also required a certain degree of flexibility in the creative process. As the writing progressed, the author might have new ideas for the story or adjust the plot according to the feedback of the readers. At this time, the outline also needed to be modified accordingly. For example, when using the event slicing method to write an outline, if you find that the plot development of a particular slice does not conform to the overall logic of the story or the reader's preferences, you need to re-examine and adjust that part of the outline. ** 3. Requirements of the outline from different audiences 'perspectives ** 1. ** An outline for the editor ** - The outline for the editor needed to be concise and attractive. In addition to the basic elements of the story, such as the beginning, the end, the main line, and the auxiliary lines, it also needed to tell the story in the shortest and most interesting words. It was the key to signing a contract, so it was necessary to let the editor see the potential and uniqueness of the work in a short period of time. 2. ** An outline for myself to read ** - The outline for him was more flexible. There were no restrictions on the format, as long as it could help him remember the key plot, character relationships, and development of the story. For example, when using a mind map to write an outline, he could add or modify nodes at any time according to the dispersion of his thoughts. He did not need to pay attention to the standard of presentation like the outline for the editor. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Design of the technical scheme for the biological control of disease carriers in dormitories
The following is a technical plan for the prevention and control of disease carriers in the dormitory: ** I. Analysis of disease carriers and their breeding places ** The common disease carriers in the dormitory were mainly flies, mosquitoes, rats, and cockroaches. The breeding places included the corners of the garbage in the dormitory (such as near the trash can that was not cleaned in time), the areas where water accumulated (such as water in the bottom of the flower pot, water in the bathroom floor or corner of the wall, etc.), and the places where food residue was left (such as uncleaned food scraps under the table). ** II. Control objectives ** Control the density of disease carriers in the dormitory within the national standards, ensure the health and safety of the dormitory residents, and create a good living environment. ** III. Control measures ** #(I) Mosquito Control 1. ** Management of the environment ** - Maintain the environmental hygiene of the dormitory. Clean up the water containers in the dormitory in time, such as pouring away the water in the bottom of the flower pot, to prevent the water from breeding mosquitoes for a long time. - Check and clean the hidden corners of the dormitory that may have accumulated water, such as the corners of the bathroom, mop pool, etc., and regularly dredge the sewers to prevent blockage of water. 2. ** Physical Control ** - For adult mosquitoes that fly into the room, you can use the electric mosquito swatter to kill them. - Screen doors, screens, and other anti-mosquito facilities were installed. Mosquito nets were used for protection when sleeping. 3. ** chemical control ** - In the season when there are many mosquitoes, you can spray a suitable amount of Pyrethroid drugs in the corners of the dormitory, behind the door, bathroom and other places where adult mosquitoes stay. However, pay attention to the temporary departure of dormitory personnel when using it, and ventilation after use to ensure the safety of personnel. #(2) Fly Control 1. ** Management of environmental hygiene ** - Keep the food in the dormitory properly and keep it in sealed containers to prevent flies from biting and crawling. - Clean up the garbage in the dormitory in time. The trash can should be covered and dumped regularly to prevent the garbage from emitting a strange smell and attracting flies. - Maintain the cleanliness of the dormitory floor, table, and other areas. Do not throw away food scraps at will. 2. ** Physical Control ** - You can use fly paper to place it in places where flies may appear, such as near the window, around the trash can, etc. - During the peak period of flies, fly traps can be used to kill flies. 3. ** chemical control ** - In the case of a high density of flies, the area around the dormitory (such as the corridor outside the dormitory, balcony, etc.) can be sprayed with appropriate chemicals, but attention should be paid to prevent the drugs from polluting the environment in the dormitory to ensure the safety of personnel. #(3) Rat Control 1. ** Management of the environment ** - Clean up the dormitory, clean up the accumulated debris, and reduce the living space of the rats. - Store the food properly to prevent the food residue from being exposed to the outside and cut off the rat food. 2. ** Physical Control ** - Use the sticky mouse board along the "mouse path"(such as the corner of the wall, the bottom of the bed, and other routes that the mouse may pass). You can choose peanuts as bait to enhance the trapping effect. - Traditional rat cages can also be used to catch rats, placed in places where rats often appear. 3. ** chemical control ** - If chemical control is used, high-efficiency and low-toxicity anticoagulants can be used as chronic rodent-killing bait. Poison baits should be placed in place. For example, 2 - 3 piles of 20 grams per 15 square meters of space in the dormitory should be placed in the dark corners where rats often appear. Pay attention to safety when putting the medicine in to prevent the dormitory staff from eating it by mistake. After putting it in, check if there are dead rats and clean them up in time to prevent environmental pollution. #(4) Cockroach Control 1. ** Enhanced environmental hygiene ** - Keep the dormitory dry and clean. Clean up the water stains and food residue in the kitchen (if the dormitory has simple kitchen facilities) and bathroom in time. - Clean the drawers and cabinets in the dormitory regularly to prevent cockroaches from breeding in hidden places. 2. ** Physical Control ** - You can use the cockroach house to trap cockroaches. 3. ** chemical control ** - In places where cockroaches frequently appear, such as kitchen stoves, bathroom corners, etc., cockroach medicine can be used in appropriate amounts, but attention should be paid to avoid polluting food and daily necessities. ** IV. Personnel Education and Management ** 1. Carry out propaganda and education on the prevention and control of disease carriers for the dormitory residents, improve their awareness of the harm of disease carriers, and enhance their enthusiasm for participating in the prevention and control work. 2. The dormitory shall formulate a daily hygiene duty system to clarify the hygiene responsibilities of each personnel and ensure that the daily hygiene of the dormitory is effectively maintained. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Biological Control
Biological control can reduce the population density of harmful organisms such as weeds and pests. It uses the relationship between biological species to suppress one or another type of organism. It has little environmental pollution, can effectively protect natural enemies, play a role in continuous disaster prevention, low cost, safety to humans and animals, pests are not easy to produce drug resistance, reduce the amount of chemical pesticide, save energy and other prevention and control effects. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Biological Control and Green Control
Biological control was the core component of green prevention and control technology for plant protection. It was a method of using certain organisms or their metabolism to control pests or reduce their damage. For example, natural enemies such as insects, carnivorous spiders, carnivorous vertebrae, pathogenic microorganisms, parasitic nematodes, and some higher plants played a great role in suppressing the occurrence of pests and adjusting the balance of natural populations. They were all organisms that could be used for biological pest control. Green prevention and control refers to the overall perspective of the farmland ecosystem, based on agricultural prevention and control, actively protecting and utilizing natural enemies, worsening the living conditions of pests, improving the ability of crops to resist pests, and rationally using chemical pesticides when necessary to minimize the damage caused by pests. Through the promotion and application of green prevention and control technologies such as ecological regulation, biological control, physical control, scientific medication, etc., it can achieve the purpose of protecting biological richness and reducing the probability of pest outbreak. At the same time, it is also an inevitable requirement to promote standardized production and improve the quality and safety level of agricultural products. It is also an effective way to reduce the risk of pesticide use and protect the ecological environment. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Biological control perspective
Biological Control Information 2019
In 2019, there were many kinds of vegetable pests in the protected land. The main pests that occurred all year round were whiteflies, thrips, harmful mites, aphids and other piercing-sucking pests. The generations overlapped, the number of insects was large, the resistance was high, and the harm was serious. Occasionally, there were diamondback moths, cotton bollworms, Spodoptera exigue, Prodenia litura and other Lepidoterous pests. The cultivation environment of protected land was closed, and it was difficult for chemical pesticide to degrade and cause serious pollution. Biological control technology was an effective way to replace the use of chemical pesticide, ensure the quality and safety of vegetables, and promote green plant protection. The prevention and control goal of that year was to control and dispose more than 95% of the important pests in the protected vegetables, control more than 80% of the overall pest control effect, control the damage loss rate within 10%, and reduce the use of chemical pesticide by more than 50% compared with conventional control methods to ensure the safety of vegetable production and products. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Judgment basis of biological hereditary disease
Why do biological control?
The main reasons for doing biological control were as follows: 1. The biggest advantage of biological control was that it did not pollute the environment, which was incomparable to non-biological pest control methods such as pesticides. 2. Dealing with pests: Under certain conditions, pests can cause harm to human life, production, and even survival. For example, pests and rats are a serious threat in the process of planting, breeding, processing, storage, and transportation. The impact of pests in industrial processing can cause huge economic losses. Biological control can reduce the population density of harmful organisms such as weeds and pests. 3. Use of biological relationships: Biological control uses the relationship between biological species to suppress one or another type of organism. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
List of Biological Control Scholars
The following were some biological control scholars: Pu Zhelong, the founder of biological pest control in China, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and an internationally outstanding entomologist; Zeng Sheng, also known as Zeng Shengzhi, was an agricultural entomologist, biological control scientist, and a doctor of science at the University of Leon, France. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>