It could be Sasuke. If he were to turn to the dark side in the fanfiction, his Rinnegan powers could be used to destroy Konoha. He has the potential to be extremely powerful and if he has some sort of vendetta or is influenced by some dark force, he might take his anger out on the village.
Well, it could be that the wielder of the Rinnegan has the ability to control powerful forces like the Six Paths techniques. They might use the Deva Path to create massive gravitational pulls that start to crumble the buildings in Konoha. Or perhaps with the Preta Path, they could drain the chakra from all the ninja in Konoha, leaving them defenseless against further attacks, which eventually leads to the destruction of the village.
One possible reason could be a search for power. The character might feel that Konoha doesn't offer enough resources or training opportunities for them to fully explore the potential of the Rinnegan. They may believe that there are other places in the Naruto world where they can gain more knowledge and power related to their special eye.
Madara Uchiha could also be a possible antagonist in this scenario. Even if he is dead in the original story, in a fanfiction, his lingering influence or a resurrected form could manipulate Naruto. Madara was always against Konoha's ideals to some extent and might use Naruto as a tool to destroy what he hated.
Madara Uchiha could also be the main character in this type of fanfiction. Although in the original story his actions are mostly related to his grand plans for the Ninja world, in a fanfiction, it could be explored what would happen if he decided to leave Konoha specifically because of his Rinnegan and the power it holds.
One possible motive could be a misunderstanding. Maybe Naruto discovers some false information that makes him believe Konoha has betrayed him. For example, if he's wrongly led to think that the village elders are planning to harm his friends or his sensei. Another motive could be the influence of a powerful and evil entity that has somehow managed to control Naruto's mind. It could use Naruto's strength to achieve its own goal of destroying Konoha.
In this kind of fanfiction, Naruto might be banished due to some false accusations or political conspiracies in Konoha. Once banished, he could decide to destroy Konoha out of anger and a sense of betrayal. He may have learned powerful jutsus during his exile and use them against the village that once rejected him.
The hidden enemies within Konoha who oppose Naruto's ideas of peace and unity could be antagonists. They might spread false rumors about Naruto, turning the villagers against him. This growing animosity between Naruto and the village could result in him lashing out at Konoha, making those who spread the rumors antagonists in the fanfic.
One reason could be that Naruto has seen too much death and destruction in Konoha. His 'godlike' state might make him think that the only way to end all the suffering is to destroy the root cause, which is Konoha. He may believe that Konoha's system is so broken that it can't be fixed and needs to be completely eradicated.
The combined forces of the remaining ninja clans in Konoha could also pose a threat to evil Naruto. If they put aside their differences and work together, they could pool their resources, jutsu, and manpower to try and halt Naruto's rampage. Although Naruto is extremely powerful, the collective strength of the village's ninja clans could potentially be enough to subdue him.
It could be an evil version of Sasuke. Maybe he has fallen completely to the dark side and manipulates Naruto into destroying Konoha. Or it could be Orochimaru who has found a new way to control Naruto's actions from the shadows.