In general, TV Tropes would probably look at how the characters' relationships with each other contribute to their development. For instance, the interactions between the floor guardians and the maids in Nazarick. These relationships can be sources of conflict, support, or both, and they all play a part in how the characters evolve over the course of the light novel.
TV Tropes might analyze the character development of Ainz by looking at how he transforms from a regular gamer in the real world to a powerful and feared overlord in the new world. He starts with a set of skills and knowledge from the game, but as he experiences the new world, he has to adapt and grow in different ways, not just in terms of power but also in leadership and understanding of different races.
The anime has to convey character development through visual and auditory means. While it does a decent job, the light novel has the advantage of being able to use long passages of text to really dig into a character's growth. For example, characters like Shalltear in the light novel have more detailed backstories that contribute to their development, and not all of this is fully presented in the anime. The light novel can also explore the relationships between characters in a more complex way which aids in their development, and the anime may simplify some of these relationships.
TV Tropes might analyze Ralphie as the 'Plucky Youngster' character. He's full of determination to get his BB gun in spite of the odds. His mother could be seen as the 'Typical Mother' trope, always trying to keep the family fed, clothed, and in line. And his father is a bit of the 'Clueless Dad' trope, with his fumblings around the house and with the Christmas lights.
The anime often streamlines the plot for the sake of simplicity and time management. It may cut out some side plots or minor storylines that are present in the light novel. This can sometimes make the overall plot in the anime seem more straightforward compared to the more complex and multi - faceted plot in the light novel. However, the anime still manages to capture the essence of the main plot arcs from the novel.
In the novel, character development is more in - depth. For instance, the main character Ainz has more internal monologues which show his growth and change in thinking over time. In the anime, this is sometimes not as fully explored due to time limitations.
The exploration of the new world's cultures and races is also a significant plot point. There are humans, elves, dwarves, and many other races, each with their own societies and values. Ainz often has to navigate these differences as he tries to assert his dominance or simply understand the world better. His attempts at diplomacy, or lack thereof, with the various kingdoms and factions play an important role in the overall story as well.
I can't really say for sure as I haven't read volume 15. But in previous volumes, we've seen characters like Ainz grow in terms of his understanding of the new world and his leadership skills.
The light novel has better character development. Since it has more space to explore each character's backstory, motives, and growth over time. In the light novel, we can really dig deep into the psyche of the characters like Ainz Ooal Gown. The manga, while it does a decent job, is limited by the fact that it has to condense the story and can't always go as in - depth into character development as the light novel.
Ian Watt analyzes it through looking at the social context. He sees the changing social classes and their influence on the novel's content and readership.
Albedo's character develops in her deepening loyalty to Ainz. At first, she is simply a powerful and loyal servant. But as the story progresses, her feelings for Ainz become more complex and intense. She starts to take more initiative in trying to please Ainz and ensure his rule over Nazarick.
Albedo's character develops from a simply programmed loyalty to a more complex emotional attachment to Ainz. Initially, she was created with a set of instructions to be loyal to him. But as the story progresses, she starts to have more personal feelings.