In the first half of the 19th century, there were two major schools of French fiction, namely realism and romanticism. Realism emphasized the true description of social reality and human nature while romanticism focused on the description of personal feelings and inner experiences. There are many connections between realism and romanticism, the most obvious of which is that they both try to reveal the nature of society and human nature through novels. Realism reflected social problems by describing the contradictions between society and human nature, while romanticism reflected human feelings and spiritual world by describing personal emotions and inner experiences. In addition, the literary styles of realism and romanticism were also very similar. Realism, romanticism, symbolism, metaphor, and other rhetorical devices to express their feelings and thoughts. In the first half of the 19th century, the two major schools of French novels were closely related, reflecting the nature of society and human nature, as well as human feelings and spiritual world.
What were the two main schools of French fiction in the first half of the 19th century? In the first half of the 19th century, French novels could be divided into two major schools: realism and romanticism. Realist literature emphasized the authenticity and objectiveness of social reality and human experience, focusing on the character, behavior, and fate of the characters, describing the inner contradictions and struggles of the characters, and discussing social systems, human nature, history, and other issues. Representative figures included Victor Hugo, Mauricio, Tolstoy, and so on. Romanticism literature emphasized human emotions, personality, and freedom. It pursued innovation in the form and content of literature, emphasizing personal experience and feelings, focusing on topics such as nature, love, dreams, and ideals. Representative figures included Jean Renoir, Victor Hugo, Delacroix, and so on. These schools of thought had made significant contributions and influences in the French novels of the first half of the 19th century, and they were also an indispensable part of the history of world literature.
There were many schools of French literature in the 18th and 19th centuries. The following are some of the important schools: 1 Romanticism Realism (2) 3 Symbolism 4. naturalism 5. Literature Movements New Romanticism 7 Critical Realism 8 Easternism 9 Mysticism 10 Scapegotism Mysticism and Scapegotism 12. Modern doctrine 13 Classicalism Academism Historism Expressionism New Expressionism The Combination of Realism and Expressionism (The Combination of Realism and New Expressionism) New Realism These were just a few of them. There were many other schools and tendencies.
Famous in 19th century France: 1. Victor Hugo: "Miserables,""Notre-Dame de Paris,""Labourers at Sea," etc. Notre-Dame de Paris, one of Victor Hugo's representative works, tells the story of Quasimodo, the clock tower freak, and the fate of the people of Paris in a 15th-century Paris church. 3. Dickens (Dickens Ferraris): A Tale of Two Cities, Oliver Twist, David Copperfield, etc. Dickens 'representative work, A Tale of Two Cities, narrated the life experience of an English gentleman in London, the foggy city. By describing the dark side of society in London, it revealed the greed and evil of human nature. 5. Maurpassant: Sansonnev, Markal Denis, Pretty Woman, etc. 6. The representative work of Mademoiselle de Beauté, by describing the desires and contradictions between a rich businessman and his wife, revealed the greed and evil of human nature. 7 Alexandre Dumas: The Count of Monte Cristo, The Three Musketeers, Twenty Years Later, etc. Dumas 'representative work, The Count of Monte Cristo, tells the story of a rich merchant who reveals the good and evil in human nature through revenge. 9 Balzac (Balzac Bronte): Human Comedy, Old Man Goriot, Eugenie Grandet, etc. Balzac's representative work,"Old Man Goriot", narrated the life experiences of a poor old aristocrat, and revealed the greed and evil of human nature by describing his various relationships with society.
One characteristic is its focus on the everyday life of ordinary people. It often depicted the social classes, their struggles and relationships. For example, in the works of Balzac, he presented a detailed portrait of French society from all walks of life.
The 20th-century Western novel genre and representative works are as follows: 1 Realistic novel: Masterpieces: One Hundred Years of Solitude (Garcia Marquez), Jane Eyre (Charlotte Bronte), Pride and Predict (Elizabeth Bennett), etc. 2. Modern novels: Masterpieces: 1984 (George Orwell), Animal Manor (George Orwell), The Three-Body Problem (Liu Cixin), etc. 3 Postmodern novels: Masterpieces: Sherlock Holmes (Conan Doyle), Celsius 451 (Harry Potter), etc. 4 feminism novels: Masterpieces: The Great Gatsby (F. Scott), Jane Eyre (Charlotte Bronte), La Traviata (Alexandre Dumas), etc. 5 Symbolism novels: Masterpieces: Blackbird (Kafka), The Catcher in the Rye (J.D. Salinger), One Hundred Years of Solitude (Garcia Marquez), etc. 6. The fusion of realism and realism: Masterpieces: One Hundred Years of Solitude (Garcia Márquez), The White Tower (Lin Yutang), When the Human Stars Shine (Liu Cixin), etc. 7 Magical Realism novels: Representative works: Harry Potter (J. K. Rowling), The Mysterious Island (Marquez), The Lord of the Rings (J. R. R. Tolkien), etc. These schools and representative works had an important position in the 20th century Western culture and had a profound impact on modern literature.
Madame de La Fayette was also well - known. Her novel 'The Princesse de Clèves' is considered a masterpiece. It was a forerunner in the development of the psychological novel, as it delved deeply into the emotions and inner thoughts of the characters.
Voltaire was a very famous one. His works were known for their satirical nature, attacking the injustices and follies of the society at that time.
The themes of disillusionment and the loss of innocence are significant in 20th century fiction. In 'Lord of the Flies', the boys start out innocent but as the story progresses, they become more savage, showing the loss of their initial innocence. Modernity and its effects are also a theme. With the rapid technological and social changes, characters in novels often struggle to adapt. For instance, in some dystopian novels of the 20th century, the negative impacts of extreme modernization are explored.
One of the most famous is 'The Stranger' by Albert Camus. It reflects on the human condition on Earth, with themes of alienation and the absurdity of life. Another is 'Madame Bovary' by Gustave Flaubert, which, while written in the 19th century, had a profound influence on 20th - century French literature. It shows the lives of people in a provincial French setting on Earth. Also, 'In Search of Lost Time' by Marcel Proust delves into the memories and experiences of a man on Earth, exploring time and the nature of human relationships." "Answer2": "There are several. 'Nausea' by Jean - Paul Sartre is a significant one. It presents the protagonist's existential crisis on Earth, his sense of the meaninglessness of existence. 'The Plague' by Albert Camus is also notable. It uses the metaphor of a plague on Earth to explore themes of human nature, morality, and society. And 'The Violent Land' by Georges Bernanos shows the darker aspects of rural life on Earth in France, dealing with themes of sin, redemption, and the human struggle against nature and society.
Victor Hugo's 'Les Misérables' is also a great 19th century French fiction. It tells the story of Jean Valjean, an ex - convict trying to redeem himself in a society that is often unforgiving. The novel is filled with rich characters and a vivid portrayal of the social conditions of the time.