Sima Qian's " Records of the Historian " was a historical biography written by Sima Qian, a historian of the Western Han Dynasty. It was hailed as the pinnacle of ancient Chinese history books and one of the most important documents in ancient China. "Records of the Historian" used historical events as clues to describe the characters, culture, geography, politics and other aspects of Chinese history in a comprehensive and detailed manner. At the same time, it combined a large number of myths and legends and Taoist thoughts to form a unique narrative style. From a literary point of view, Sima Qian's " Records of the Historian " was regarded as a classic work of ancient Chinese history books with extremely high literary and artistic value. Its narrative is smooth, the writing is beautiful, the characters are vivid, the plot is ups and downs, especially its rich and colorful myths and legends and Taoist ideas make it more literary and influential. At the same time, Records of the Historian was also an important part of ancient Chinese historical documents. It had important reference value for studying ancient Chinese history and culture. Generally speaking, Sima Qian's Records of the Historian is a classic work in ancient Chinese history books. It not only has extremely high literary value and historical value, but also an important part of ancient Chinese culture. It has important reference value for us to understand and study ancient Chinese history and culture.