Both the New Three Kingdoms and the Old Three Kingdoms were famous works of ancient Chinese literature, both of which had high literary and historical value. The New Three Kingdoms was a historical novel created by Luo Guanzhong. Through an in-depth analysis and description of the history and characters of the Three Kingdoms period, it created many vivid images to show the style of ancient Chinese society and the complexity of human nature. The Old Three Kingdoms was a long novel by Zhang Henshui. It reflected the politics, economy, culture, and human nature of the society at that time by describing the history and characters of the Three Kingdoms period. From a literary point of view, the New Three Kingdoms is a historical novel with a complicated plot, vivid characters, beautiful language and profound thoughts. It has a very high literary achievement. The Old Three Kingdoms was a novel with a real plot, vivid characters, fluent language, and full of appeal. It was also a classic in the history of Chinese literature. From the perspective of history and culture, both the New Three Kingdoms and the Old Three Kingdoms had important historical and cultural values. Through the in-depth analysis and description of the history and characters of the Three Kingdoms period, the New Three Kingdoms reflected the political, economic, cultural and social conditions at that time, which had a profound impact on the historical and cultural studies of later generations. The Old Three Kingdoms became an important cultural heritage in the history of Chinese culture with its true historical materials and profound descriptions of human nature.