For the information of the tutor of the Ph. D. student who studied the novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the major of Ancient Chinese Literature, the following information could be referred to: 1 Tsinghua University, Chinese Ancient Literature PhD supervisor: Han Zhenyu 2. Doctorate supervisor of Peking University, major in ancient Chinese literature: He Lin 3. Doctorate supervisor of Chinese ancient literature major at the People's University of China: Wang Guowei 4. Doctorate supervisor of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Chinese Ancient Literature: Chen Sihe 5. Ph. D. Supervisor of Ancient Chinese Literature at Fudan University: Zhu Weizhi 6. Sun Yat-sen University, PhD supervisor of Chinese Ancient Literature: Tan Yunming The above is just some of the reference information of the PhD supervisor. It may vary according to time and region. It is recommended to find more information locally or online.
The Ming and Qing Dynasties were an important period in the history of Chinese literature. There were many works of different styles in this period, including novels, poems, essays, operas, music, paintings, and many other literary fields. In the field of novels, there were many excellent works in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as Dream of the Red Chamber, Journey to the West, Water Margins, etc. These works described all aspects of social life, showing the complexity of human nature, with profound thoughts and rich imagination. In the field of poetry, there were many different styles of poetry in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Among them, the Tang Dynasty poetry had the most far-reaching influence. The poetry of the Ming and Qing Dynasties mainly inherited the tradition of the Tang Dynasty poetry, showing a profound cultural background and superb artistic level. In the field of prose, the prose of the Ming and Qing Dynasties had various forms and rich contents. Among them, the Tongcheng School had the most significant influence. The Tongcheng School advocated that the article should carry the Tao, emphasizing the social responsibility and moral value of the article, which had a far-reaching impact on the literary creation of later generations. In the field of opera, the development of opera in the Ming and Qing Dynasties reached a peak, and many excellent opera works appeared, such as "The Romance of the Western Chamber","The Peony Pavilion" and so on. These opera works reflected the social reality of the time, expressed the wishes and feelings of the people, and had profound ideology and artistic charm. In the field of music, the music of the Ming and Qing Dynasties also reached its peak, and many excellent music works appeared, such as "Lantern Festival Music" and "Four String Song". These pieces of music not only had a musical nature, but also reflected the social culture and living conditions of the time, so they had important artistic value. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were an important period in the history of Chinese literature. There were a large number of works with different styles, showing a profound cultural background and superb artistic level, which had a profound impact on the literary creation of later generations.
The literature of the Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties was one of the three periods of ancient Chinese literature and one of the most glorious periods in the history of Chinese literature. In these three periods, the literary style, literary form and literary content had great changes and development. The literature of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties occupied an important position in the history of Chinese literature. The literary works of the Yuan Dynasty included classic novels such as Journey to the West and Water Margins, which had a profound influence on Chinese literature. The literary works of the Qing Dynasty, including "Dream of the Red Chamber" and "The Scholars," were considered classics in the history of Chinese literature. One of the characteristics of Yuan, Ming and Qing literature was the rich and colorful theme and content of the works. During this period, the topics of literature covered social reality, historical stories, myths and legends, philosophical speculation, and so on. The style of the work was also more diverse, from the rigor and magnificence of classical literature to the lightness and humor of modern literature. Another feature of Yuan, Ming and Qing literature was the constant innovation and development of literary forms. In this period, the literary forms, including novels, poems, essays, operas, etc., each had its own unique characteristics and forms of expression. For example, novels were widely used during this period, and classic works such as Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Water Margins appeared. In short, the literature of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties was a classic of ancient Chinese literature. Its rich and colorful theme and content, diverse literary forms, and the literature of later generations had a profound impact.
The novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties were an important stage in the history of ancient Chinese literature. There were many works of various styles, and they were hailed as the pinnacle of the history of Chinese novels. The following are some of the characteristics of the Ming and Qing novels in the history of ancient Chinese literature: The achievements and influence of novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties surpassed those of other periods. The novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties were not only the largest in quantity but also of the highest quality. Many of them became classics and had a profound impact on Chinese literature and culture. For example, classic works such as "Dream of the Red Chamber","Water Margins","Journey to the West","Romance of the Three Kingdoms", etc. not only occupied an important position in the history of Chinese literature, but also had high literary value worldwide. The styles of novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties varied, including classical literature, legendary novels, detective novels, science fiction novels, martial arts novels, and so on. These works reflect different cultural and social backgrounds, displaying the wisdom and cultural charm of the Chinese people. The novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties had a profound influence on the development of Chinese literature and culture. These works not only made great achievements in literature, but also had an important influence on culture, thought, art and so on. For example, the novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties had a profound impact on the narrative mode, character creation, plot structure, and other aspects of Chinese literature. The novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties also reflected the true face of social life and people's lives, which had profound social significance. These works not only show the social style and people's lives at that time, but also reflect the political, economic, cultural and other aspects of the situation at that time. They have important reference value for the study of Chinese literature and culture. To sum up, the novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties have a very important position in the history of ancient Chinese literature. They not only show the peak of Chinese novel creation, but also have a profound impact on Chinese literature and culture.
The Ming and Qing Dynasties were an important period for the development of Chinese literature. The mainstream forms included novels, dramas and essays. The novel was one of the most popular forms during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, including various legendary, historical, and supernatural novels such as Dream of the Red Chamber, Journey to the West, and Water Margins. The main purpose of these novels was to describe the characters, stories and plots. They often used rich characters, vivid descriptions and fictional plots to become the mainstream of literature at that time. The opera was also one of the most popular forms during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, including various traditional operas and modern operas that appeared later. There were many forms of opera, including Peking opera, Henan opera, and Cantonese opera. The main purpose of these operas was to convey the author's thoughts and emotions through telling stories, shaping characters and expressing plots. They had a unique artistic charm. Prose was another important form of literature in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, including various essays, essays, travel notes, and poems. Prose is characteristic of focusing on expressing thoughts, feelings and opinions, emphasizing the conciseness, clarity and lyricism of the language. The prose of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, and others had very high literary and artistic value.
Chinese tragedy literature was concentrated in the Ming and Qing Dynasties mainly because of the following reasons: The Ming and Qing Dynasties were a period of cultural prosperity in Chinese history. Literature, opera, novels and other artistic forms were widely developed. During this period, many famous writers and works appeared, such as Cao Xueqin's Dream of the Red Chamber, and shakespeare's Hamlet. The quality and influence of these works were very prominent at that time. The social reality of the Ming and Qing Dynasties was very complicated and dark. Due to the closeness of feudal society and political corruption, the development of social productivity was severely restricted, and people's lives were very difficult. At the same time, political corruption, wars, natural disasters and other emergencies also brought huge disasters and suffering to the people. These social reality reflected in literary works, forming many tragic stories and characters, which became the main theme of tragic literature. 3. The literary style and expression of the Ming and Qing Dynasties were also different from before. The literary works of the Ming and Qing Dynasties paid more attention to the psychological and emotional descriptions of the characters. At the same time, the literary works of this period also paid more attention to the reflection and criticism of traditional culture and history, forming a unique literary style and values. These characteristics were also different from before, making the literature of the Ming and Qing Dynasties more unique and representative. To sum up, the Ming and Qing Dynasties was the main period of Chinese tragedy literature. The reasons for its concentrated outbreak were mainly historical, social and cultural factors, but also closely related to the literary characteristics and creative style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the literature styles that represented the highest achievements of ancient Chinese literature were: - Ming Dynasty literature: novels, poems, essays, etc. Among them, the most outstanding novels were the classic works such as Water Margins, Dream of the Red Chamber, and Romance of the Three Kingdoms. In terms of poetry, there were many different styles of poetry in the Ming Dynasty, including lyric poetry, idyllic poetry, landscape poetry, etc. The works of Ming Dynasty essayists such as Han Yu, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, etc. influenced the literary creation of later generations. - Qing Dynasty literature: novels, poems, essays, etc. In the Qing Dynasty, the most outstanding novels were the classic works such as Golden Lotus and Dream of the Red Chamber. In terms of poetry, the Qing Dynasty poetry inherited the legacy of the Ming Dynasty and appeared in the form of lyricism, narration, and description of scenery. The works of Qing Dynasty essayists such as Lu Xun, Lao She and Ba Jin had a profound influence on modern Chinese literature.
The literature of the Ming and Qing Dynasties was diverse, ranging from traditional literary forms such as novels, essays, and essays to new literary forms such as novels, operas, and notes. In the aspect of novels, Ming and Qing novels showed a trend of development. Among them,"Dream of the Red Chamber" and "Journey to the West" not only described the rich characters and plots, but also expressed the author's deep thoughts on human nature and society through delicate descriptions and profound thoughts. In terms of prose, Ming and Qing proses showed the characteristics of focusing on description and expression, focusing on ideology and artistry. Among them, classic works such as the Analects of Confucius and Tao Te Ching were not only a cultural heritage but also an important part of Chinese cultural tradition. In terms of novels, the novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties were represented by historical novels such as Water Margins and Romance of the Three Kingdoms and modern novels such as Dream of the Red Chamber. They not only reflected the reality of the society at that time, but also expressed the author's deep thoughts on human nature and society through the characters and plots. In terms of opera, the Ming and Qing operas were represented by the operas in Dream of the Red Chamber. Through delicate descriptions and profound thoughts, they expressed the author's deep thoughts on human nature and society, and also left a rich cultural heritage for future generations. The literature of Ming and Qing Dynasties had made great achievements in both form and content, which made great contributions to the inheritance and development of Chinese culture.
The literature of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties was an important period in the history of Chinese literature. During the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties, many important literary schools appeared in Chinese literature, such as Han Yu, Su Shi, and Xin Qiji, one of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties, as well as the literati group of the Yuan Dynasty and the ancient prose movement of the Ming Dynasty. These literary schools, arts, and styles were very different, but they all reflected the living conditions and mentality of the society and people at that time. During the Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties, literary works were in various forms, including novels, poems, essays, Ci, and songs. Among them, novels were one of the main forms of literature in the Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties, such as Water Margins, Journey to the West, and Dream of the Red Chamber. These novels were not only numerous but also of high quality, which deeply reflected the living conditions and mentality of the society and people at that time. The literary works of the Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties were also very rich and colorful in content, covering politics, economy, society, culture, and many other aspects, reflecting the fate and mentality of the society and people at that time. At the same time, these works also reflected the author's thoughts and values such as Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, etc. In short, the literature of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties was an important part of the history of Chinese literature. Many outstanding works emerged and had a profound impact on the literature of later generations.
The ancient literature of the Ming and Qing Dynasties had a term for the marketplace novel as follows: Marketplace novels referred to the novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties that mainly described urban life and the class of citizens. They were also called "citizen novels". These novels mostly described the lives, thoughts, emotions, and interpersonal relationships of the citizens, reflecting social reality and the sufferings of the people, with certain social significance and artistic value. The characteristics of marketplace novels included: 1. Description of social life: The novels mostly describe urban life, the social class, commercial trade, customs and human feelings, etc., reflecting the social style and people's lives at that time. 2. Character image: The characters in the novel are mostly represented by the citizen class. The group image is real, full, with distinct personality characteristics and profound thoughts. 3. Reflect social reality: Marketplace novels pay more attention to social reality and people's sufferings. Reflecting the social style and people's psychology at that time has certain social significance and artistic value. 4. Easy to understand language: The language of urban novels is easy to understand and close to life, full of expressiveness and appeal. 5. Various forms: There are various forms of urban novels, including traditional novels, vernacular novels, rap, opera and other artistic forms. In the ancient literature compiled in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the marketplace novel was an important genre of literature, which had a profound influence on both ancient and modern Chinese literature.
In the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties, the literature styles that represented the highest achievements of ancient Chinese literature were: - Poetry of the Tang Dynasty: The highest achievements in poetry in the Tang Dynasty were represented by Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, etc. They created the golden age of poetry in the Tang Dynasty. The form of poetry was free and the content was rich, forming a unique style of poetry in the Tang Dynasty. - Song Dynasty literature: The Song Dynasty literature was represented by Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Lu You, and others. Their works had various styles and literary achievements were also very high, creating the peak of Song Dynasty literature. - Yuan Dynasty novels: The novels of the Yuan Dynasty were represented by Dream of the Red Chamber, Journey to the West, Water Margins, etc. These works had complicated plots and exquisite character descriptions, which became classic works in the history of Chinese literature. - Prose of the Ming Dynasty: Prose of the Ming Dynasty was represented by Lu Xun, Lao She and others. Their works were profound and beautiful, creating the peak of the Ming Dynasty prose. - Qing Dynasty novels: Qing Dynasty novels were represented by "The Scholars" and "Dream of the Red Chamber". These works had complicated plots and exquisite character descriptions, which became classic works in the history of Chinese literature.