Vanity Fair was a long novel by Somerset Maugham in England, which was regarded as one of Maugham's representative works. The novel tells the story of a British businessman named Constance Hartwitz, who gained both fame and fortune in the late 1920s. He had achieved great success in the business world, social circles, and cultural circles by marrying, having children, and starting businesses. However, his success was not without a price. He gradually felt that he had lost himself and gradually became a machine driven by fame and fortune. The novel used Constance's life experience as the main line, interwoven with many stories about him and his family, friends, colleagues, lovers and other characters. These stories showed the complexity and variety of human nature, including vanity, selfishness, greed, betrayal, love, friendship and other topics. Vanity Fair was regarded as a typical social-realistic novel, which depicted various phenomena in British society at that time, especially the exchange of interests and interpersonal relationships in the fields of business, social interaction, culture, and so on. This novel had a profound influence on 20th-century English literature and society.