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The cultural relics of Heishui City in Xixia

2026-09-15 02:25
2026-09-15 02:52

The cultural relics in Heishui City of Xixia were rich and varied, and they were of great value. ** I. Discoveries and Stolen Relics ** 1. ** Discovered ** - The ruins of Heishui City were located in the Ejina River basin in the western part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It was built during the Western Xia period. At that time, it was an important agricultural base and border fortress in the western region of the Western Xia Dynasty. At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, it received attention again. In 1908, an expedition team organized by the Russian Royal Geography Society carried out a large-scale excavation in Blackwater City. They found a large number of Xixia documents in a tower outside the city. They were numerous and varied. It was even said that they had found a "complete library." 2. ** Plunder and Outflow ** - Russia's Kozlov stole a large number of Xixia cultural relics from the pagoda, including manuscripts, books, Buddhist supplies, paintings, etc., and shipped more than ten boxes. These cultural relics were transported to Petersburg. Among them, the documents of Blackwater City in Russia were mainly Xixia documents. There were more than 8000 numbers and thousands of volumes. The proportion of complete copies was very high. The Hermitage Museum preserved a large number of cultural relics looted from Blackwater City. The third floor displayed almost all the precious cultural relics of the Xixia period looted from Blackwater City. In addition, the British Museum also had cultural relics lost from Blackwater City. ** 2. The types and characteristics of cultural relics ** 1. ** Literature ** - There were more than 500 types of Xixia literature in Blackwater City, of which there were nearly 100 types of secular literature. This discovery changed the distribution pattern of ancient books in China. Compared with the Liao Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty, which had very few books, the number and variety of Xixia literature in Heishui City were considerable. 2. ** In terms of artistic works ** - ** Thangka works **: A large number of well-preserved Thangka works are preserved in the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg. For example, the Green Ferry Mother Silk Thangka was a high-quality work of exquisite craftsmanship. It had a unique shape, as if the framing and decorative edges were woven into the picture as an organic component of the overall composition. The main statue had its own characteristics in terms of clothing. The image of the offering Bodhisattva and the Vajrapani beside the lotus stem was unique, and the color tone was well controlled. It was different from the warm red tone of Tibet, and was similar to the light and quaint color preference of Dunhuang and Anxi. - ** Scroll Painting **: There are scroll paintings of Amitabha's Pure Land Transformation, etc. Among them, the Amitabha's Guide Map can show the image of the Xixia worshiper. - ** Sculpture **: There are also precious cultural relics such as the double-headed Buddha statue. It is made of traditional Sokcho-based clay. It is about 62 centimeters tall. The two faces of the double-headed Buddha statue have different expressions, but they are all kind. There was also a Tang Dynasty sculpture of a guardian beast in Cave 321 of Dunhuang. It was about 90 centimeters tall. One of them opened its mouth and roared, while the other closed its lips. Its neck and legs were exquisitely carved. Its curly sideburns and strong muscles were lifelike. ** 3. The value of cultural relics ** 1. ** Historical value ** - These relics reflected the religion, culture, society and many other aspects of Heishui City during the Xixia period. For example, the ruins of Heishui City witnessed the historical changes of the Western Xia Dynasty from its establishment to its demise and the Yuan Dynasty. The cultural relics reflected the political, military, and economic situations at that time. They played an irreplaceable role in studying the history, culture, art, and religion of the Western Xia Dynasty. 2. ** Cultural Value ** - It was an important carrier of the inheritance of Xixia culture. Whether it was Thangka, scroll paintings, or documents, they all carried the cultural meaning of Xixia language, writing, painting style, religious beliefs, and so on. It was of great significance to the inheritance and promotion of Xixia culture. 3. ** artistic value ** - Thangka, sculptures and other cultural relics reflected the superb artistic standards of that time. From the use of color in painting, the modeling of characters to the craftsmanship of sculptures, they all showed the unique charm of Xixia art. Read more exciting novels for free

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