Confucius and the Analects of ConfuciusConfucius (551 B.C. -479 B.C.) was a famous ideologist, politician, and cultural celebrity in the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period. He was also the founder of Confucianism. The Analects of Confucius was a record of the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples. It was one of the classic works of Confucianism.
The Analects of Confucius had been studied and interpreted many times in history. Some people believed that it was translated into the West by the missionary in 1687 (26th year of Kangxi). The German philosopher, Hegel, once did not have a high evaluation of The Analects of Confucius, thinking that it was common sense morality everywhere, but it was later refuted by philosophers such as Leibniz.
The Analects of Confucius had a far-reaching influence in China. It was regarded as the source of Chinese culture and had a very high value in the development of Chinese history. There were also different books recommended for different age groups to read The Analects of Confucius. For example, children aged 10 - 12 could read Mr. Li Changzhi's The Story of Confucius first, and children aged 12 - 15 could read Teacher Bao Pengshan's The Life of Confucius. In addition, there was also an ancient book, The Analects of Confucius Chronicle, which linked different chapters of The Analects of Confucius with Confucius 'life experience. However, there were some contents that were considered to be misunderstood or fabricated due to lack of research. It might even be forged in the late Ming Dynasty and circulated under the name of Cheng Fuxin.
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What is the image of Confucius in the Analects of Confucius?The image of Confucius in The Analects of Confucius was multi-faced and rich.
From the perspective of his ideology, Confucius took benevolence and propriety as the core of his thoughts, displaying a wise, generous, brave, upright, kind and principled image. These thoughts ran through his evaluation, understanding and judgment of society, life, politics, etiquette, ethics and morality.
In terms of personality, apart from the well-known personality traits mentioned above, Confucius was also humorous and modest. For example,"When you were in Wucheng, you heard the music of strings and songs. The Master smiled and said,'Why use an ox knife to cut a chicken?'" It reflected his humor.
From the perspective of knowledge, Confucius was knowledgeable. At that time, the rulers, celebrities, and his disciples had asked him all kinds of questions. He could answer them all, and he could give different answers according to different times, places, and people. However, he was not " born with knowledge ", but gained profound knowledge through hard study. He took pleasure in learning and believed that " learning and learning from time to time, isn't it also said?" He was outspoken and proud of his " studious ".
Confucius was very humble in dealing with the unknown. For example, in the story of the child asking the sun, when the child asked him a difficult question, he expressed his willingness to ask the child for advice and even wanted to acknowledge the child as his teacher.
In terms of external image and inner temperament, the book not only had a static description of Confucius 'manners, but also a vivid description of his personality and temperament.
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Being in humaneness is good. If we select other goodness and thus are far apart from humaneness, how can we be the wise? -Confucius The superior man is satisfied and composed; the mean man is always full of distress. -Confucius