Backward n frame protocol and selective repeat protocolGo-back- N (GGN):
- In the stop-and-wait protocol, the sender can only send one frame at a time, and the channel utilization rate is low. However, the backward N-frame protocol uses a sliding window method, and the sender maintains a set of sending windows, and can send multiple data frames at a time. The receiver uses the method of cumulative confirmation, and the sender moves the sending window forward after receiving the confirmation. When there was a problem (such as frame loss or long delay), the sender used the method of retreating N frames to re-transmit. The timer here was used to recover data frames or confirm the loss of frames, similar to the timer in the pause protocol.
Choosing the Repeat protocol:
- Different from the N-frame backward protocol, when the receiver receives an out-of-order frame, it will not discard all subsequent frames like the N-frame backward protocol. Instead, it will buffer the correctly received out-of-order frame. When the sender found that a frame was lost, it only retransmitted the lost frame, instead of retransmitting the subsequent N frames from the lost frame like the backward N frames protocol. This could avoid unnecessary data retransmissions and improve transmission efficiency, especially in a poor network environment with a high packet loss rate.
Both of these two types of protocol were designed to deal with the loss of frames and the disorder of order during data transmission to improve the reliability and efficiency of data transmission. However, the specific ways in which they dealt with the problem were different.
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protocol translationThe price quoted for contractual translation was usually affected by many factors:
1. ** Language pair **: Common ones such as Chinese-English translation may cost 200 - 400 yuan per 1,000 words; translation between minor languages and Chinese may cost 300 - 500 yuan per 1,000 words.
2. ** The complexity of the agreement **: For general agreements, the terms are relatively common and simple, and the fee is relatively low, about 200 - 300 yuan/1,000 words; for agreements involving complicated legal terms, professional terms, and strict format requirements, the fee may be 350 - 500 yuan/1,000 words.
3. ** Delivery Time **: During the normal delivery period, the above standard charges will be applied. If the customer requests urgent delivery, an additional fee may be added.
4. ** Translator's Quality Requirement **: Standard quality, able to accurately convey the content of the agreement, moderate fee; High quality, accurate language, compliance with legal documents, high fee.
In general, the price of the contract translation was about 200 - 500 yuan per thousand words. The specific price still needed to be confirmed in detail. In addition, the word "protocol" has different meanings in different scenarios. In the Internet industry, it has the meaning of "protocol"(for example, the full name of the IP address is Internet Protocol Address). In the political context, it is inclined to reach a political consensus, rule, or speech technique (such as political protocol). In the diplomatic context, it means a set of rules or etiquette (such as diplomatic protocol). When translating the protocol, you need to accurately understand the meaning of these words in different context.
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What is the full story of Callisto Protocol?Well, in The Callisto Protocol, the story begins with a sense of normalcy within the prison facility on Callisto. But then, things go horribly wrong as some sort of experiment or contagion starts to spread. The protagonist is thrust into a world of danger, facing off against grotesque enemies. As the game progresses, we learn more about the origin of the outbreak, which seems to be tied to some unethical scientific research. There are also elements of corporate conspiracy and cover - up. The player must navigate through the prison, solving puzzles and fighting for their life, all while trying to piece together the full story of what has happened.
What a great story!!! If you like stories that are similar to solo leveling to scratch that Hunter itch check out Apex Protocol