Chapter 2

NON-RENEWABLE NATURAL RESOURCES

Natural Resource Deposits(Raw Material) are, with the exception of water, all solid, gaseous or liquid mineral raw materials that occur in natural deposits or accumulations (deposits) in or on the earth, on the sea bed, in the sea bed or in sea water and which are economical Worth it.

In deposit science , mineral resources are referred to as raw material deposits . If they occur in concentrated form, so that they can be extracted underground or in open-cast mining , they are referred to as deposits. Mining is done only from places where there are mineral deposits.

Non-renewable resources are usually found in very limited amounts, and the Earth can take ages to reproduce new ones. That is why the non-renewable resources are valued the most.

The non-renewable resources are found as solid deposits(ore) or as liquid deposit(crude oil)...

The solid non-renewable.

Mineral resources can be divided into two major categories - Metallic and Nonmetallic. Metallic resources are things like Gold, Silver, Tin, Copper, Lead, Zinc, Iron, Nickel, Chromium, and Aluminum.

Nonmetallic resources are things like sand, gravel, gypsum, halite, Uranium, dimension stone, kaolin,lignite,clay,

The liquid non-renewable mineral deposits are found as crude oil.

Crude oil is a mixture(not a single compound) of many substances such as gas, petrol, diesel, kerosene, lubricating oil, paraffin wax, etc. i.e Crude oil is a mixture of many compounds like gas, petrol, diesel, kerosene, lubricating oil, paraffin wax, etc.

Crude oil are classified as follows:

Types of Crude Oil.

Class A: Light, Volatile Oils. These oils are: Very light oils – these include: Jet Fuel, Gasoline, Kerosene, Petroleum Ether, Petroleum Spirit, and Petroleum Naphtha. They tend to be very volatile, evaporating within a few days which in turn evaporates their toxicity levels.

Class B: Non-Sticky Oils. These oils have a waxy or oily feel. ... Light oils – These include Grade 1 and Grade 2 Fuel Oils, Diesel Fuel Oils as well as Most Domestic Fuel Oils. They are both moderately volatile and toxic.

Class C: Heavy, Sticky Oils. Class C oils are characteristically: Medium oils – These are the most common types of Crude Oil. They generally have low volatility and a higher viscosity than the light oils which leads to higher toxicity and a greater environmental impact during cleanups.

Class D: Nonfluid Oils. Class D oils are:

Heavy fuel oils – These include the heaviest Grade 3,4,5 and 6 Fuel Oils along with Heavy Marine Fuels. These are the most viscous and least volatile Crude Oils as well as the most toxic.