Reflex and Pupil ReflexThe adjustment reflex and the pupil's light reflex were two important physiological reflexes.
The reflex of accommodation was a series of changes in the eyes in order to see nearby objects, such as the bulging of the lens, the narrowing of the pupils, and the convergence of the eyes.
The pupil's light reflex was even more interesting. When light shone on one side of the eye, the illuminated pupil would shrink. This was the pupil's light reflex. It could protect the eyes from strong light and regulate the amount of light entering the eyes.
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Urination reflex is non-reflexThis statement was wrong. Urination was a complex reflex activity controlled by the central nervous system. The urine reflex was a physiological process that was controlled and participated in by the higher-level nerve center (the cerebral cortexes), but at the same time, it was also controlled and influenced by the lower-level nerve center (the spinal cord urine center). When the amount of urine in the bladder reached a certain level, it would produce a nerve impulse. This impulse would be transmitted to the cerebral hemisphere through the nerves, triggering the urge to urinate and activating the reflex to urinate. This was a complete reflex process.
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Is the anus reflex a deep reflex?No, the anus reflex is shallow. It was mainly used for patients suspected to have damage to the spinal tract or cauda equina. It could be examined through specific methods, such as lying flat on the bed, raising the lower limbs straight, and using a cotton swab to cut across the perineal area. Under normal circumstances, the external anus constrictor would contract. It could also be used to prove the existence of innervation of the external anus constrictor structure through light needle or scratch stimulation. The patient could also be placed in the side lying position or the stone cutting position. The doctor would stand on the right side or in front of the patient and gently touch or tap the edge of the anus with a cotton swab. Under normal circumstances, the patient would feel a slight stimulation and have a constrictive reaction of the anus. Reflexes are caused by sacrospinal cord 4 - 5 or anococcygeal nerve damage.
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Is the urine reflex a reflex arc?The urinating reflex was a reflex activity that was composed of a receptor, an impudent nerve, a nerve center, an efferent nerve, and an receptor. It was a reflex arc. When the volume of urine stored in the bladder reached a certain level (about 400 ml), and the pressure in the bladder rose to more than 15 cm of water column (1.36 cm of water column = 1 mm of mercury), the bladder would expand passively, stimulating the stretch receptor in the bladder wall and exciting it. The impulse was transmitted to the primary center of the sacrum spinal cord through the sensory fibers of the Pelvic nerve. At the same time, the spinal cord would transmit the information of bladder distension to the higher center of the bladder reflex in the cerebral cerebral hemisphere and produce the desire to urinate. The high centers of the reflex reflex, such as the cerebral cortices, exert a supportive or suppressive effect on the low centers of the reflex to control the reflex activity. Then, the impulse goes along the efferent nerves to the efferent organ to cause the reflex.
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Is a simple reflex called an unconditioned reflexYes, a simple reflex was called an unconditioned reflex. Unconditioned reflexes were the innate fixed nerve connection between external stimulation and organic response. The reflex arc was complete, and under the corresponding stimulation, it could cause a reflex reaction without the need for acquired training. For example, the simple reflex of withdrawing one's hand when it touched something hot was an unconditioned reflex.
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If the reflex arc is complete, will there be a reflex? Why?Complete reflex arc was a necessary condition for a reflex to occur, but it was not a sufficient condition. The reflex arc was composed of five parts: the receptor, the sensory nerve, the reflex center, the sensory nerve, and the receptor. The integrity of the structure and function of the reflex arc was the basis for the completion of the reflex. If any of the links were damaged or blocked, the reflex activity would not be completed. However, even if the reflex arc is complete, if there is a lack of sufficient stimulation, or if the reflex center is inhibited (such as the effect of certain drugs or nervous system diseases), the reflex may not occur.
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Is the flexor reflex the same as the flexor reflex? Why?The flexor reflex was the same as the flexor reflex. From a physiological point of view, the flexor reflex was the original protective reflex of the limb retracting due to noxious stimulation. This reflex was also known as the flexor reflex. When the skin of a limb is subjected to a noxious stimulus such as a needle prick or scalding, the flexor muscles of the limb will contract strongly and the flexor muscles will relax, causing the limb to have a bending response and free the limb from the noxious stimulus. For example, the hand retracting reflex is a type of flexor reflex (bending reflex).
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Reflex principleThe principle of reflexivity was proposed by Soros. This principle was based on a phenomenon that existed in human affairs: when someone was involved in something, the participant's view of the world was one-sided and distorted (fallibility principle), and these distorted views would in turn affect the things related to the point of view.
From the perspective of the connection between the participant's thinking and the situation they participated in, it could be decomposed into a cognitive function and a participation function. In the cognitive function, the participant's cognition depends on the situation; in the participation function, the situation is affected by the participant's cognition. The interaction between the two is called reflexivity, which can be expressed as a pair of recursion functions: y = f(x), x = q(y).
In the field of economics, traditional theories often avoided or denied reflexivity, and Soros believed that a fundamental factor in the existence of reflexivity was human cognitive bias. In addition, Kant believed that the application of moral laws in practice was based on the principle of reflexivity. This principle meant that every moral law must become a basic principle, and every rule must conform to the basic principles that any rational person could accept. In the moral theory he constructed, he emphasized human free will and free decision. This principle was widely used in modern philosophy and promoted the development and progress of human thinking.
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Grasping reflexThe grasping reflex is also known as the grasping reflex, the Darwinian reflex, or the Romanis reflex.
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Is it better to play tennis with a single-reflex or a double-reflex?There was no absolute difference between a DSLR and a DSLR. They each had different characteristics and needed to be chosen according to individual circumstances.
From the perspective of stability, the double-back was more advantageous. It was relatively easy to hit the ball with more power. For novices who were not stable, the double-back was more conducive to maintaining the stability of the racket. This was why most tennis coaches now tended to teach the double-back. However, the flexibility of a double counter would be weakened, and the area that could be controlled would be relatively small. This placed a higher requirement on the ability to adjust one's footwork and predict.
The advantage of an DSLR was that its movements were more elegant, agile, and more flexible. It could cover a larger area on the court and was more convenient to hit the ball quickly. Compared to a double-reflex, an DSLR could be faster by half a step. Its attack power was also relatively large, and it could play an advantage in high-speed fields such as grass. However, it was more difficult to learn the single-lens reflex, and it required a higher level of hand feel and upper body strength for the athlete. Moreover, when hitting the ball with a single-lens reflex, the one-arm backhand was not the mainstream play in tennis.
For professional players, they tended to choose techniques that were more suitable for their own tactical system, while amateurs played for a variety of purposes. If they simply wanted to play well, the DSLR was a better choice.
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