SCARA robotSCARA was the short name for the selective compliance Assembly robot arm or the selective compliance Articulated Robot arm. It was also translated as a horizontal multi-joint robotic arm. It was a robotic arm with a special configuration.
It was invented in 1978 by Hiroshi Makino of Yamanashi University in Japan. It was originally developed for electronic components in the 3C industry. It had a simple structure, easy control, high vertical positioning accuracy, and fast movement speed, but the overall structure was loose and the operation limitations were large. It was a lightweight robot. The common structural forms of the horizontal rotating arm were the front drive motor and the rear drive motor. It usually used a thin and ultra-thin type of resonant gear.
The SCARA robot had three rotating joints with axes parallel to each other, positioning and directing in the plane. The other joint was a moving joint, used to complete the movement of the end piece in a vertical plane. The position of the wrist reference point was determined by the angular displacement of the two rotating joints and the displacement of the moving joints. This type of robot had a light structure and fast response. For example, Adept1 could move at a speed of 10m/s, which was several times faster than ordinary joint robots. It was most suitable for planar positioning and vertical assembly operations.
In terms of applications, SCARA robots were mostly used in the 3C industry for electronic component installation, small mechanical component assembly, high-speed planar assembly, handling, and welding operations. Today, they were also widely used in the plastic industry, the auto industry, the electronics industry, the pharmaceutical industry, and the food industry. Their main functions were to move parts and assembly work.
Different brands of SCARA robots had different characteristics. For example, the Yaskawa SCARA robot had the advantages of high speed and high precision, flexibility and adaptability, high stability and compatibility, good cost-effectiveness, easy integration and operation, etc. However, it also had disadvantages such as limited load capacity, relatively insufficient flexibility, limited working space, and relatively high cost in some cases.
In addition, there were also non-standard SCARA robots. The non-standard SCARA robot protective clothing matched with it had high custom-made, good protective performance (dust-proof, anti-static, wear-resistant), easy installation and dismantling, and beautiful appearance. It played an important role in many fields such as electronics manufacturing, auto parts production, and medical equipment manufacturing.
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