Guqin performance requirementsGuqin performance had the following requirements:
* * 1. Requirements before playing **
The performer must be well-dressed, clean and tidy, and not disheveled.
* * 2. Basic requirements when playing **
1. * * In terms of pitch accuracy **
- The pitch was the main part of the performance. It must conform to the standards of the temperament system, and every pitch should be strictly precise.
- The intonation of the guqin was very tolerant, but the player could not ignore its accuracy, especially when it was out of tune.
2. * * In terms of beat and rhythm **
- The tempo had to be accurate, and the speed had to be appropriate.
- When it comes to big and small dots, syncopation and even syncopation, or more complex rhythms, it is even more important to grasp them accurately.
- Even though there was no fixed beat for the Sanban, it had to be handled according to the structure of the beginning, the ending, the turning, and the rhythm of the breath.
3. * * Skills **
- Technique and skill were the prerequisites for a perfect performance. The sound produced by a certain technique should be naturally connected with the front and back notes without a trace, forming a complete musical line.
* * 3. Requirements for the fingers of the left hand (according to the aspect of entering the wood)**
1. * * Basic explanation and relaxation flexibility requirements **
- "Entering the Wood with Desire" meant that one had to press the sound firmly. Under different music contents, one had to be natural, relaxed, agile, and flexible.
2. * * Basic techniques of the left hand and its application requirements **
- The basic techniques of the left hand included reciting, reciting, chuo, note, up, down, forward, and so on. It was a technique to express thoughts and feelings.
- The upper part of the sound is often used to pick up the sound, moving the finger from bottom to top (from low to high), from light to heavy, and the sound is thick and round.
- The basic method of Yin Finger was to move from top to bottom, first chuo then yin, and the frequency was faster. The basic method of Qi was to move from top to bottom, first note then Qi, and the frequency was slower. The two moved back and forth from light to heavy, but the direction of the center of gravity and the frequency were different.
- There was also the "Back Peak Finger Technique", which was soft, mellow, and lyrical. Various finger techniques needed repeated practice to be practiced and complement each other.
* * 4. Requirements for playing with the right hand (like playing broken strings)**
1. * * The relationship between the position of fingers touching the strings and the tone **
- When the right finger enters the string (big finger points to the string), the sound of the nail and flesh half-cut string is more pure; when there are more nails, the sound is crisp, bright, penetrating but may lack thickness and smoothness; when there are more fingers, the sound is thick, mellow, hazy but lacks penetration.
- The high notes were mostly played with fingernails, the low notes with fingernails, and the middle notes with fingernails.
- The right hand pointed at the string (the big finger pointed into the string) and controlled the depth of the string by the fingernail.
2. * * The relationship between the angle of the finger and the tone **
- When the fingernail and the string were cut at an obtuse angle, the tone was easy to scatter, drift and produce dry sound; when the string was cut vertically, the sound was crisp and bright; when the string was cut at an acute angle, the sound was rich and full. Beginners are prone to making a dry sound when playing weakly, which may be related to the direction and angle of the string.
3. * * The relationship between the strength of fingers touching the strings and the tone **
- When playing passionate and generous melodies, use the strength of "playing like a broken string" to make the sound firm and bright; when playing boudoir resentment lyrical music, use weak strength to seek soft and beautiful sound; when playing ordinary music, use medium strength to make the sound clear.
* * 5. Comprehensive artistic requirements **
1. * * Timbre and coordination requirements **
- The sonorous, bell-like scattered notes, the clear and transparent overtones, and the elegant and soft sliding notes could only be achieved by the harmonious and rhythmic cooperation of the left and right hands and a high degree of artistic accomplishment.
- The right hand naturally relaxes the arm when plucking the zither. With medium strength, the zither is plucked at the center of Yueshan and Yihui. The pronunciation is firm and the tone is bright. Combined with the left hand's Yin-Chuo technique, it can produce an ancient and elegant tone. The left hand's Yin-Chuo technique is to make up for the sound with rhyme, reflecting the artistic style of Guqin, which is clear, ethereal, elegant and unrestrained.
- When playing overtones, touch the strings closer to Yue Shan (farther away from Yihui). The tone is clear, transparent and pure.
* * 6. Performer's Quality Requirement **
1. * * Sitting posture requirements **
- The head should be straight, the seat should be upright, the appearance should be solemn, the feet should be neat, the ears should not listen to random sounds, the eyes should not look evil, the hands should be clean, the fingers should be firm, the tune should be known, and the song should be played to the end.
2. * * Internal Quality Requirement **
- Those who learn the piano should be elegant and unrestrained, free from dust and vulgar, and match the elegant music.
- It is necessary to improve personal cultural accomplishment and pay attention to cultivating noble moral sentiments. The following refers to quiet and not irritable, elegant and upright tunes without lewdness, not to play for the vulgar and sully the high style of the ancients, to obtain purity without reflection, to listen to quiet thoughts without chasing sensuality, etc.
3. * * Learning Elements Requirement **
- One must have a clear goal of learning the piano and set a goal. Pay attention to the practice of fingering. There are rules to follow. Sit properly. Practice rhythm, breath, bone strength, and state of mind. Master basic musical knowledge and a more comprehensive ability to read music.
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